<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://rocklib.omeka.net/items/browse?collection=27&amp;output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-03-09T19:49:51-04:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>1</pageNumber>
      <perPage>20</perPage>
      <totalResults>95</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="1811" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2617">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/5efbccf5da6c177a2d987d36b0a15884.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=CtHqLBJgmBmXWqHMI3rO0kW9rlfBlS3%7Ey3uiIr3gmpHPr1Wg8aLzTtr3ISO4WdJBX90J4s5mT8FxZ%7ELJrLmuPMo2AL-Qdmf9kgOC8VJjkI4tvWyAT1jZyn71afPfAwCkvxZBZqV0A9ih2fNaNhSSSPcQVz-kCBlUF83j0KiPq79VeB4YVRqFvPnqSACbvb1WbJNWGyjQnp3EaF%7Ebb64PKjNG2JUmwaIg8z-o%7Etph4DB4NF0Yflnyj-GTObu-aW1C8gl9wLERTR3ypCrFZWyr%7E-Hh8PVtWSAbpb3EhKJdKjqahmIix6KeB%7EVVC3mCCmNXLdcYNn07aUhZ1cf2xcvNFA__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>2e48fbd2cb4631187d845b8a9ecd8474</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119757">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119758">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119746">
                <text>Benjamin Powell House</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119747">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119759">
                <text>Benjamin Powell House (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119760">
                <text>Block 07. Building 26.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119761">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119748">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the west and south elevations of the  Benjamin Powell House in Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119749">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119750">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119751">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119752">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 4, Sheet 72</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119753">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119754">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119755">
                <text>H129 Print Hol-281</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119756">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="108">
        <name>Balconies</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2588">
        <name>Benjamin Powell House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="171">
        <name>Chimneys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2312">
        <name>Clapboard Siding</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="334">
        <name>Columns</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="308">
        <name>Porches</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1810" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2616">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/cd6c957dd12f61e30b15410e4f455091.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=Lqa7vSNSGjJinwaCe0md8uleZNGxDOYzfy3kRKwY93YjvpRFIRe5%7EShgGzCkDj099Mx0Q3luBsL-O2OevydCQQ9crQKYLIyh0pYLxZE03BezwFopGOY-vMx6bKbAByOD3cU-lLOJRR7hetvLz7%7E2t%7EIGlC5Gt1mff-420d4I4lguTDniTTKhZA4Sp8BD8D%7EAKaACppHla2PpYKDR9WgbYMdxYUR0Wlj0u64o7bmwMuBpt44UrAtdhut7wpwvYGckAbebT0p9cTf9GUzRy5lR7ixaZ7qyDIdMVJWWILBiP8sanvFESMyqsJS5TlSAc66e9s3bITICyvxSD7I%7EuVFTRQ__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>50f4a3141da18b713559e8b3bbde2838</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119744">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119745">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119733">
                <text>Benjamin Powell Office</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119734">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119762">
                <text>Benjamin Powell House (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119763">
                <text>Block 07. Building 26.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119764">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119765">
                <text>Outbuildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119735">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the west and south elevations of the  Benjamin Powell Office in Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119736">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119737">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119738">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119739">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 4, Sheet 71</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119740">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119741">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119742">
                <text>H128 Print Hol-280</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119743">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="2559">
        <name>Benjamin Powell Office</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="310">
        <name>Brickwork</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="171">
        <name>Chimneys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="331">
        <name>Offices</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="32">
        <name>Outbuildings</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="170">
        <name>Pediments</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="308">
        <name>Porches</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="306">
        <name>Shutters</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1809" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2615">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/33a5190a3af1b6353da22ab249e11195.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=bZZkOGWDFpzrZsQEQl%7ErW89z1vQvDNoh8bI0y1Iu7sUinDYhs2eYcoQVyxlKKvJ5wcyFYcxOThZ9LZW5kmUCBBsK44odDbBHZWTQ23lgWebUxx-qNalTnnnHE2WrRTWYjJoZzQHvEpn1Q0%7E86t7atunZ98W28fLvzBmsi5fJ2bhl7h0hYK06ULkCYE0d5szkOQraSmfvopol58VT7VxAuypCYJF65IeUb%7EM-EV1gw%7E1DzJypYqjQspzSPX3xYi9C4zFzwOv1GX3WFecYwALBYq%7EcLBaaYTvugZqpLk7Gk0qVufXZd4FCEH7lCoBeHnP9d%7EO3PwqN7J1E4GV7ey-BLA__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>f56a70679218ffb921f539bfc9b97c53</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119731">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119732">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119720">
                <text>Rabon House</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119721">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119766">
                <text>Rabon House (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119767">
                <text>Block 46-1. Building 10.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119768">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119722">
                <text>Pre-restoration photo of the north and west elevations of the Rabon House [formerly known by the names Saunders House and Clowes House] in Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119723">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119724">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119725">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119726">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 4, Sheet 72</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119727">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119728">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119729">
                <text>H124 Print Hol-282</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119730">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="310">
        <name>Brickwork</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="171">
        <name>Chimneys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2860">
        <name>Clowes House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="308">
        <name>Porches</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2861">
        <name>Rabon House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2678">
        <name>Saunders-Dinwiddie House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="306">
        <name>Shutters</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2361">
        <name>Tin Roofs</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1808" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2614">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/b4e7ff446a0141192e14a344a0aeedf1.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=XcGpavvCvp7NwMTCLikR%7EH%7Ebv6zW%7E%7EqA4z5C4zMmBxIAi%7EX97qToeT4B2dSrBik1VeuAj26od%7EMzFC3SUjFwBlMOvNe1iXZ-79DSJaMCkSAlY%7Ea29G13RFVFAHWTmGDXpMUeLTOzYv--2f3kBbV-aS5kjA7KRAAAjn1H3egFCl07lxGLQnRr7lIov5E18h8dtZs0To8WGqPUTqH5lHXaLGTXqgYdA4udPER-9A-wULgHMLAXvxa3HRITMRKSUYK8PXnxrW7Nbh4S%7EE0nPxEbtQXb79DxSZtpR-aX7ytaF04WYRoUx5ltSPqbY0D2WA9IkGnkKXOWTK-lRAcJoL2cew__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>2b39293add9a9fba89234bc591b945c6</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119718">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119719">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119707">
                <text>Nicholson School</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119708">
                <text>Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119769">
                <text>Schools - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119770">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119771">
                <text>Nicholson School (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119709">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the south elevation of the Nicholson School once located on Nicholson Street in Williamsburg, Virginia, circa  1928.   </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119710">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119711">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119712">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119713">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 4, Sheet 67</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119714">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119715">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119716">
                <text>H145 Print Hol-262</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119717">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="310">
        <name>Brickwork</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2134">
        <name>Lost Architecture</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2474">
        <name>Nicholson School</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="113">
        <name>Nicholson Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="942">
        <name>Schools</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2361">
        <name>Tin Roofs</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1807" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2613">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/c0f53253bd8eeb795788f0725bf2e36c.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=VPnTluUMkXNu1EVQBL88Sx%7Et%7EOwTZY0SsT7iwb10PH53LE9bKTwQOCFPvGmjqvg2qyE8D0ihPWTKTRu9%7EfT7jG6w3-jT%7EWyuS4OhYu%7EWcZkXtej4aiPQukGi1n7rluhMw7PVKZRR4GLTD3oe8P3rWANsZHIA62TU3IfeWT3Qw6hUDGFjuqpiGKO%7E7F%7ELh71U0-qd1LdrS4wv8aq8i7LzG1tapE7z%7E7pfxNGqp6I3nx7izRcnFrJzTeaNZsf8%7ECgnrMrpXjj42Baw9eNhOvJlTA03jmb0hC4zu3lHClWTT0mHx2XjmZ%7Eq1DExHrmTuP7VsXuVITZNg1UTSMYOzdgtwQ__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>5df0c21ce1260aca4e66d6d82c49b0d0</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119705">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119706">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119694">
                <text>Peyton Randolph House</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119695">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119772">
                <text>Peyton Randolph House (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119773">
                <text>Block 28. Building 06.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119774">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119696">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the south elevation of the Peyton Randolph House on Nicholson Street in Williamsburg, Virginia,  circa 1928.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119697">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119698">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119699">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119700">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 4, Sheet 67</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119701">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119702">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119703">
                <text>H146 Print Hol-261</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119704">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="2312">
        <name>Clapboard Siding</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="167">
        <name>Fences</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="113">
        <name>Nicholson Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="816">
        <name>Peyton Randolph House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="306">
        <name>Shutters</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2361">
        <name>Tin Roofs</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1806" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2612">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/4a8492483e5e4bdcdbc0296de7b5f0cf.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=SAdkxz1Mit1IJVOIc%7EFg0dhl-8kBYnlmR0Hasnpz%7ElTXkDM2tFLouXSLu-%7EmJNvZkka6018cGOs5EQHYx5HjALAqZ%7EIfjKN9RvUDD1CSmk3Vx1QrVAWhxzhCrX%7EB3-us2l6aMFp83OsrokVWDQB2Wq3M1N7pCFXo-lkZ-OuYNeAwgsQa3rOxX0sIgG4Vod9-dNsrCnpF8Ah7RlVXpsrcf%7EUX0KLWoar9yqodm1yVCfP%7ESbTRSIQzUOKnQ-HDPDLEAHp61bsQ6yOD4D7GZSsPAapD01DDTpSnCvfxCmCNWyavkXzsSABs7aY52jZurxWaGoKKWuvrYN-cVjA6wyhWQQ__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>a1df4ef3fa00cbe740542e44bcc918c8</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119692">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119693">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119681">
                <text>Tayloe House and Office</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119682">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119775">
                <text>Tayloe House</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119776">
                <text>Block 28. Building 03.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119777">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119683">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the south elevation of the Tayloe House and Office, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119684">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119685">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119686">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119687">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 4, Sheet 67</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119688">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119689">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119690">
                <text>H143 Print Hol-263</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119691">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="55">
        <name>Automobiles</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="171">
        <name>Chimneys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2312">
        <name>Clapboard Siding</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="230">
        <name>Dormers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="418">
        <name>Gambrel Roofs</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="170">
        <name>Pediments</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="308">
        <name>Porches</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="306">
        <name>Shutters</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2196">
        <name>Tayloe House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2198">
        <name>Tayloe Office</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1805" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2611">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/fc87b4c94a6f251a2df0c4576742338f.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=he-A2HJ7bTdu1iXaIEoKwQnEI5PP3tHCYw9bzwp7%7E%7EQBsaNyTBwYsCOLaCl4jrb3NL90Mp2dJW0oSQy4O1E7lasP4a0OmnP148ZwaG8nmRU7GXb8fNLHvD3KNJSrlXy60i9XMciHLVahM2XDXJKBgIX9iUWNm53cJ80pu5-wbn7xmrCs-Ajs0NRUDJfoyrc9ZfO%7EFc%7E-7wx%7Ev-NY9JrYFk4Qz4GmKnAuZ8BfHPZMCG25moCcb%7EZwAvb0lOKH0sMa%7EbILStE7JE9uBTvb1Q0M5bluzcCq-aUQOdPHsLxSiL9F1ju%7Et7PkQ1fL4LtJXZxG%7EaZSGbABJmjLWPKBuF8h3Q__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>bc6eb2fc7bd4bd91f09eb790c4a02e17</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119679">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119680">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119668">
                <text>George Wythe House</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119669">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119778">
                <text>George Wythe House (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119779">
                <text>Block 21. Building 04.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119780">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119670">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the east elevation of the George Wythe House on the Palace Green in Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1906.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119671">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119672">
                <text>Circa 1906</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119673">
                <text>Circa 1906</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119674">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 59</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119675">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119676">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119677">
                <text>H174 Print Hol-229</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119678">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="108">
        <name>Balconies</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="310">
        <name>Brickwork</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="257">
        <name>Cornices</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="117">
        <name>Dentils</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="826">
        <name>George Wythe House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="227">
        <name>Palace Green</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="308">
        <name>Porches</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1804" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2610">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/550b8a1d717e03f77b2673252970b604.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=TVD7zJjLfVaQ5TwbsiBZyv%7ExErXHhtNUZc06JWJRVOb0mKdQUrstEVmD-CgoU-Y2bMSPSYmQ6R7duZB--db2QqQ5yZxadQKJVqDWaIckgZIS0q3YkRyIFkTNOUnV7tlQ9QVaIB9o3vDmRmuL3Q6au2-tXXjfo7JkqSkWS%7Exmq506BNFzl9KMMZTO0MbI4BERPsxpYVWg2nFMLIbJJfAoTkCen40HKiMs8L0HBh1RWxGWbVOeXBFHLZFanwwP8kWURRgvMX0Qew70g5cC-MbbHqOWFetKRS%7E1Rj89D47ximrfE5hXcXr2toOUgXySWonsLV5VrKVpWz9F8sq9VgXmvw__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>e370bacf03689747aa46538b2cff9665</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119666">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119667">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119656">
                <text>View Along Prince George Street</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119657">
                <text>Pre-restoration view looking east along Prince George Street at intersection of North Henry Street in Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119658">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119659">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119660">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119661">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 57</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119662">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119663">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119664">
                <text>H180 Print Hol-222</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119665">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119781">
                <text>Streets - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119782">
                <text>Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="55">
        <name>Automobiles</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2171">
        <name>Nassau Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="640">
        <name>Prince George Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="362">
        <name>Street Scenes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1803" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2609">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/07ec2a547e20ec545c0ef29aa3804aa3.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=VSB0g-E5Ph7%7EGPXZQMTALHi9UvtNj57ZI-QxEGXEwiFjt%7EPrYuhigNBfHsMRWDK9zft5jwIv5YQmUWQecCytt%7EUOXxh7qbniJS4as%7EoqEp9xXs%7EehmqSJpQBpxy9gyKk7X17WgGkDP3ZpZVqRl%7EO4CRE8-iDqF3jJ5GzD4eRfUAiv0B3Cqe2KpN5N2zAn0178uEmFkmAJGRuXaeO6RAHqUWBBB9xdHC2cLqaZm-nGb5kQWVLS043oyp3Ev9Ki4F6sYOG0N5et0txtNlQBQcJwXbjqw7nj1mQE9EDIDGblMiZWCs%7EU5gfJdJDSMV32aIzLNT6Cz-aD4Xm37Oeqx9kOA__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>09b9a88c7b97f56f410d2d669a5aef44</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119654">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119655">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119644">
                <text>Prince George Street</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119645">
                <text>Pre-restoration view looking east along Prince George Street in Williamsburg, Virginia from the Timson House, circa 1928.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119646">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119647">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119648">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119649">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 58</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119650">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119651">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119652">
                <text>H176 Print Hol-227</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119653">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119783">
                <text>Streets - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119784">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="640">
        <name>Prince George Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="362">
        <name>Street Scenes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1802" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2608">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/760ccc55066bddf29e237291929ca7ab.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=U9YefZyxVaUArz3k8zf1bq81il3SvSGPV22s2-EuO7TOZpSiic%7EONR2Ixzu5i5uKhwHMLsn4zt37lxvwQNrPIUpIhsXPdPIl5rSr9iI4aQdg1I-pfCbdzmh0Gkxk2No74M0bfNVo4ck9emOtdyW0Szd%7Ex3hi2aJqyj6XTJeyEwAXxVIGgsrg3aI1rpd7JEvF-cqEvajTrbSJXcrdBNKGvthi9DnZbhP0MyzeBae7RIGRn6XzMtuVUZrVu2%7E97j71jOGNG6IVPUZgh23yV-i86nWgy9bQEfpYGDYOWAR4oDDLBD9SvY-voMHtzVbdLDeZ8yuGPnT7%7Ej7GviZnCjMwSw__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>a0d3212b94971f1e846b9c6847763f7d</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119642">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119643">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119631">
                <text>Timson House</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119632">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119785">
                <text>Timson House (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119786">
                <text>Block 30-1. Building 04.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119787">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119633">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the south elevation of the Timson House,  Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928.  </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119634">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119635">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119636">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119637">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 57</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119638">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119639">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119640">
                <text>H177 Print Hol-224</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119641">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="171">
        <name>Chimneys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2312">
        <name>Clapboard Siding</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="230">
        <name>Dormers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="308">
        <name>Porches</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2558">
        <name>Timson House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1801" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2607">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/f0ea2e4ec3edf43d73f890f879f971da.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=V9wD7cf5Vqz%7EaKIyBm9ZUEIayqA6efnMNwwqYBFXmOwUQF4qCd9kh2J80%7EOwwuCBta9Zm6q4lHI6dyzvsyHbDceU7iWOY5VGVrifBfWA4qkZWCnUlehT2WtGrtpr0Y7DasImb1Azn9chWqrkf1bQgd7vT0cA4pOeF2aB3RpDVNwKy60ZWleyrhFe7O1gEQ63mZWCNQKYyqQYsloXfRV9b7ixaOZg-pj44nLcbwN6d6P9Z-zFGOIG05IPUL2aJnAwY4svJ8IhkRJWcOGumGOyFKZYNYTGTvdH8td5YtR7xnvhVHflu59Lf1rdBUULHaf0lx5UnGKy2xu29wDxtYepaw__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>755c2c450ab1b3e1c8268c712156bca8</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119629">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119630">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119619">
                <text>Intersection of York Street and Waller Street</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119620">
                <text>Pre-restoration view looking east along York Street from Waller Street in Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119621">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119622">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119623">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119624">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 55</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119625">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119626">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119627">
                <text>H187 Print Hol-213</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119628">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119788">
                <text>Streets - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119789">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="362">
        <name>Street Scenes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="114">
        <name>Waller Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2357">
        <name>York Street</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1800" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2606">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/060c5c800b61e4d925de2a7357050e4b.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=XdCMyXwHGFfKIxBIkqJzaL31BPd-rujSJiafsqwpftqDo7cuFskrRK3ssBrmJGM5zPJg8hBlKGfdMmrEp39mt7QFqEQT2vd6fFvOGvkMCRgtEg7iDE1v0HCecVgTnmmpPn9jdToC4A6W0ojEYvl%7EDr%7EQKIXdWFEbrTxNhEvkujd7G0nwo5tFwVMGzIsUEDuPgVZkR2hHRN-S7T1Zt4WBHehc7LFWtPmf%7E4cuDSGqINPH2ecda68emmuokZbZ1qP3yc9r5N8aAhjV50VDJSMOOkAy1HM8H1rD82rBSmjCC52J7togT7ql0Z4ZW6lBE5dxkiCD5wFXhzIcPuNo%7EjeThQ__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>2d55b0909e33e656b640bed01aca5348</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119617">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119618">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119606">
                <text>Robert Nicolson House</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119607">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119790">
                <text>Robert Nicolson House (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119791">
                <text>Block 07. Building 12.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119792">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119608">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the south elevation of the Robert Nicolson House, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119609">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119610">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119611">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119612">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 55</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119613">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119614">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119615">
                <text>H184 Print Hol-215</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119616">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="171">
        <name>Chimneys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2312">
        <name>Clapboard Siding</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="230">
        <name>Dormers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="418">
        <name>Gambrel Roofs</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2359">
        <name>Robert Nicholson House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="306">
        <name>Shutters</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="356">
        <name>Transoms</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1799" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2605">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/2f0416a02ac8ba92e21bed9c7db04d97.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=OYGPj9DXta1IVE%7EnSJvwl9zyMifOd3W7Sz%7EriWAjzXC8BkSdPoZ2h-loe7A6ybCPAuHNX6BIlcLmJxeKrYZxpslWeCqHhqhpjJqTYkjVugFZMIB3up-8sdNGN38ASWNqRXEujhRj1Yk%7EQ8rlf1qvrMQORR8X7uNO2KiJUhgTgwWFZbC7T%7E9jlNaoHRMDWhdap0tJYCwaOK6S0ZnxYmMtZrH4q8WdueriEeIURoQINYG0JogMGjKm3HsUXFaHskIiv2HkvKPw5-DAlDm6Gt%7EHCRULJm186VPuse%7E0tMhcxgGLx7rIknIAE8qGavhxF3HUZvgLHWZKkLV574ejiV2x0A__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>fe5c71aee53ebf00f49b1e25cdb88eb3</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119604">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119605">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119593">
                <text>Bassett Hall</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119594">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119793">
                <text>Bassett Hall (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119794">
                <text>Block 01. Building 22.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119795">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119595">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of north and east elevations of  Bassett Hall on Francis Street, Williamsburg, Virginia,  circa  1928.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119596">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119597">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119598">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119599">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 52</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119600">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119601">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119602">
                <text>H195 Print Hol-204</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119603">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="403">
        <name>Bassett Hall</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="171">
        <name>Chimneys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2312">
        <name>Clapboard Siding</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="334">
        <name>Columns</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="103">
        <name>Francis Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="170">
        <name>Pediments</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="308">
        <name>Porches</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="306">
        <name>Shutters</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1798" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2604">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/134c71e04900eeae4e76e9fae4265baf.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=Ka2eozXQbMWQfUq1jQQUkj7vvf4GR8zYitqtFTkxhCiGSN6o46fi3m-55B3k904pWL37XHJeExlQd8IJbSdb0QMk8LW%7E-5OyoyzO3O7lt5QgtGEMvTufm8m1JH9x35HF6yIuCF5JY6vmRNQkqmoQyAngsmTJlnisC1rzC7rY36CWVCHjhAamTuh0S5bz4aofNL0znrkSSK4MXBmKwPd6wDOVzQ6TdK24PrzohoiYz2TlBcNqIYsx1FYgwrTkJ3rCfUkAQ16IXM4w7wQaOj2gtwiT4OqX1ApIgVEENBzmIEziOfZLKf500rzwoTF1KK78okH-TeURb%7EsEIbaUAGElQw__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>07db39c1f626b0da18935921a214067e</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119591">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119592">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119580">
                <text>Bassett Hall Entrance </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119581">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119796">
                <text>Bassett Hall - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119797">
                <text>Block 01. Building 22.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119798">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119799">
                <text>Driveways - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119582">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the entrance to  Bassett Hall on Francis Street, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa  1928.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119583">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119584">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119585">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119586">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 52</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119587">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119588">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119589">
                <text>H196 Print Hol-203</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119590">
                <text>Special Collections,  John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="403">
        <name>Bassett Hall</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2862">
        <name>Driveways</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="103">
        <name>Francis Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="362">
        <name>Street Scenes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1797" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2603">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/dd1459d4f2268808b7f1ffc248722b88.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=nJs4BhkIYlqlH4fiRkQP2AIzlXCLm5CMc51qnjRPwetT7GwCOFMUSaJouJ1vfOd%7ElDql2GXQjlMR3rSLM6sPHhCmFAPlms3DyvFSStMnd5LjMGxFxfX7NlwwkRBNCb4ZllDXp1aJHzyZ8B3o3gLtzN5uv%7EreM%7E8vYzVtPDJnbikulM9mKw8FCjNZcUiuNcZ9ZPJ%7Ew6XeooCux3-v44k1KHwgHem8Qy%7ECuYoWwYun1r0Z5kRksg41R7ltPMQVQ1woL59XAMWwRswu5AC3lMjTz6FSjjvr19naKZUTM7K6II9nV8v%7E3LDE-HmH6nyd-l0U%7EMKEg6ezfM5%7ELL5tOLzx%7EA__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>2449bcccc48d827433f63b14d402b674</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119578">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119579">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119567">
                <text>Chiswell-Bucktrout House</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119568">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119800">
                <text>Chiswell-Bucktrout House (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119801">
                <text>Block 02. Building 17.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119802">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119569">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the north and east elevations of the Chiswell-Bucktrout House on Francis Street, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa  1928.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119570">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119571">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119572">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119573">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 48</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119574">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119575">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119576">
                <text>H209 Print Hol-188</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119577">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="171">
        <name>Chimneys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2587">
        <name>Chiswell-Bucktrout House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2312">
        <name>Clapboard Siding</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="230">
        <name>Dormers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="103">
        <name>Francis Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="308">
        <name>Porches</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1796" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2602">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/83581cc3baab47d286088e713fea8060.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=tHQWlbOLek5cMwM9ZS0I6I2WjDMgitqEUWrsQRH2%7EyQN48ABAVpodt4ZDeGtZyJLc0LRBVLTB-yib6XnsfoNedtnbwQ3EA6UZHLb56qnEnUlMbPBlxhTlxSt9WK%7E82TPpayu2l0wVJFECxdCo0GYyljiCfNkv-zFGl1O-Oa6nZNnZD4Ms5k6xr8MxXtGBFcdaV1JELKQ05hYCGelb7clWYlWQr07%7E6esQj81BF2s4LORNHaa-WlBmdBgstaVopu6acBahQXfpVfOHlF0mG08mJtAvQNwF4xU2fKrdwMqpoPmhds7%7E9OtELiwmZ-3PEi64jme3Irgs5oHURA2mMKF4A__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>c517b99135b7dc2d3cb4433b4f773c2f</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119565">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119566">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119554">
                <text>Moody House</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119555">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119803">
                <text>Moody House (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119804">
                <text>Block 02. Building 31.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119805">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119556">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the north elevation of the  Moody House on Francis Street, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119557">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119558">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119559">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119560">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 47</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119561">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119562">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119563">
                <text>H291 Print Hol-181</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119564">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="171">
        <name>Chimneys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2312">
        <name>Clapboard Siding</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="334">
        <name>Columns</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="230">
        <name>Dormers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="103">
        <name>Francis Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2566">
        <name>Moody House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="308">
        <name>Porches</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1795" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2601">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/b1fcfae84e6806f74796a6288b853888.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=dNyGdyQ9RUlh848BK70%7EhcxoPCeVLh9B30txFZazQzxo0tcfl8bM5og%7EBvphwWigMf2sNyxYCP1%7EbzRJOpzlsGVsshdmiz9THCDeb5LgGEJZVFCw9LtsdJ7jbYlp10OhMSgxu%7E2HOowaifscOxuIcRRskkjtEyQ%7E%7Esg-Unfn-ACIa%7Exc9ZEsDiLsAHKdv4PJxlzI4BbWSTPxVbypmRBTQ6uFmKd-7YQp2Ij-qsCQ9rcRg9ZFxxIJKCnaACf%7Eryf3kZruDmAT96C87%7EmYNBcdOy-t6tgYnK7bw3c4iOqQg2X7x6uYqrZ8YfqjhZCFtJEqSTdp40wNf1BSWh6vnRPPYg__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>fc18593fd1660aff00bd68f3102085a9</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119552">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119553">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119541">
                <text>Dr. Barraud House</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119542">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119806">
                <text>Barraud House (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119807">
                <text>Block 10. Building 01.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119808">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119543">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the south elevation of the  Dr. Barraud House on Francis Street,  Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928.   </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119544">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119545">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119546">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119547">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 47</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119548">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119549">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119550">
                <text>H297 Print Hol-184</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119551">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="2152">
        <name>Balustrades</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2312">
        <name>Clapboard Siding</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="230">
        <name>Dormers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2563">
        <name>Dr. Barraud House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="103">
        <name>Francis Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="170">
        <name>Pediments</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="308">
        <name>Porches</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1794" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2600">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/b6c524e5b62d055238fc5c9eac41ca2f.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=A53SKvrGVjzjecx2G2QK77qAnp3y2hD-ztjp3xrl9PfJEe5CjWKxCRRSzWdQpco4RLE5XfSr%7EE6Wqu4X%7EEUufaMB9hJotMXOfTYtp-Mr9jpkMEDF%7E%7Et9j2KvuxqkdH%7EbhgBnXq0uQTbkMed-naEok5jxeRXQOOpTUCp0Jic%7EqOKvFdrKC9NOc8G%7ER4rFGpfnGnkhYualaSbZjRrBNKi1nbwKjiHq4ConhiQjLtbxkJe8rjb3QN4ih%7EIzhexEz2vi6mgDYwjE-Br-C05rQPsLSJvmn90UsImfZfHo2eVWOVVknUe4f5YioQ-v3p31DSruDqwz5vTXl1U7r8ZlxzS8ZA__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>49f6e396ee12074b144470c745282efc</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119539">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119540">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119528">
                <text>Bracken Tenement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119529">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119812">
                <text>Bracken Tenement (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119813">
                <text>Block 02. Building 52A.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119814">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119530">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the north facade of the  Bracken Tenement on Francis Street, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119531">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119532">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119533">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119534">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 44</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119535">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119536">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119537">
                <text>H284 Print Hol-171</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119538">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="692">
        <name>Bracken Tenement</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="171">
        <name>Chimneys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2312">
        <name>Clapboard Siding</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="257">
        <name>Cornices</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="230">
        <name>Dormers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="167">
        <name>Fences</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="103">
        <name>Francis Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="306">
        <name>Shutters</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1793" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2599">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/c6be9b2f2c9f043b8ac3da4d5f719577.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=asUtHmerD8o0-WRVDDjOrC5is5FFa5bqRx2x3Bu7kLYjZod3qHh85JDLjsc7qrmVGuA4Xu-MpGkzUQHJXOCsF0Hw6jbA8bNy1BO4hSla7LJiZv3DBADm9WUZw1W3x9U4HAmLzh%7EWyYXGDWK43T6rhHjubTDIM5vS6e8fA5xnzZDYR-ljyH9tl9X0t8Ol8VFHXOl3PHNRhA-VweFnWFA9maZFeRDKR%7ExT%7EpZgHqWdop1GSXm86TtUAFR%7EBvzs7zyMzVD4KnGLsqcGlIKZGTbg2PDk%7EdyAdRg8oZt7%7Eiee90sq3r5MsQFG3sxhjgABMTuU1dwcBY5Gfc1aXaUJiXExWg__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>34321b60bcc999864d4a8a13e68dcae6</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119526">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119527">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119516">
                <text>Corner of Francis Street and South England Street</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119517">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the corner of Francis Street and South England Street  looking southeast from Market Square, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa. 1928. The Moss House, now demolished, is visible in the foreground.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119518">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119519">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119520">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119521">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 3, Sheet 43</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119522">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119523">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119524">
                <text>H277 Print Hol-166</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119525">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119815">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119816">
                <text>Streets - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119817">
                <text>Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="103">
        <name>Francis Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2134">
        <name>Lost Architecture</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2859">
        <name>Moss House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2555">
        <name>South England Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="362">
        <name>Street Scenes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1792" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2598">
        <src>https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/838315706d6b1d8ac39f0928fc8621c5.jpg?Expires=1773878400&amp;Signature=LNoTkioD9HKoOJnqIgRBHuItBfXnsvD-x1%7Eyuq8CY28KA2ZPm6ineleTkoOsJzGwTrmYKnjdB3ZHokNMtWZY5UlWG%7EZJ7gNaL-7xOdxUMGDBbZe%7E2Bt77KlO-NwVR%7EdtFLqlfnoKLu7pBKxo1Z7dIKmYQJukurkFsKTr2T-pxRXDfozE4bSVnv6e6LUz6eWPqD5Cp-RzgIX629LyTIQfeFnDyisaon3YxmE3qqSJ8xnyNvjc6Y2wlp-GKecXqGXfv3gEG3iJI0BEZk2ushBXa8iCef-GDZKPpTsXXQH7AxRT9QL0D8H1AWjCR3MZTZOy9C4WYz-Fb0WotsrEk8ZhOg__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM</src>
        <authentication>795c524b3ebd18f9f9f08ee1e066c2f3</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="27">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118320">
                  <text>Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118321">
                  <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118322">
                  <text>Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118323">
                  <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="118324">
                  <text>Black and white photographs</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="119167">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118325">
                  <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118326">
                  <text>Circa 1928-1932</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="118327">
                  <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="119166">
                  <text>“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”&#13;
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw &amp; Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives&#13;
&#13;
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography.  As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, &amp; Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.&#13;
&#13;
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd &amp; Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933. &#13;
&#13;
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.&#13;
&#13;
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119514">
              <text>Gelatin silver print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="119515">
              <text>5 x 7 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119503">
                <text>Ludwell-Paradise House</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119504">
                <text>Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119818">
                <text>Ludwell-Paradise House (Williamsburg, Va.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119819">
                <text>Block 18-1. Building 07.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="119820">
                <text>Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119505">
                <text>Pre-restoration view of the south facade of the Ludwell-Paradise House, Williamsburg, Virginia,  circa 1928.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119506">
                <text>Holmes, Clyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119507">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description>Date of creation of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119508">
                <text>Circa 1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119509">
                <text>Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 2, Sheet 28</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119510">
                <text>jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119511">
                <text>Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119512">
                <text>H225 Print Hol-105</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="119513">
                <text>Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="500">
        <name>Belt Courses</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="310">
        <name>Brickwork</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="171">
        <name>Chimneys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="910">
        <name>Clyde Holmes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="257">
        <name>Cornices</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="117">
        <name>Dentils</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2059">
        <name>Door Surrounds</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="111">
        <name>Duke of Gloucester Street</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="353">
        <name>Flemish Bond</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="352">
        <name>Ludwell-Paradise House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="170">
        <name>Pediments</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="905">
        <name>Pre-Restoration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Williamsburg</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
