1 20 4 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/bbd56d172ebb1421dc9f69b6ef1599bd.jpg?Expires=1781740800&Signature=cMM9-J0ZjxBwQO6HH6sZilvrmE5llA83VzpSLSyFHu4b36hoCEfq1Bh%7ErcmJ-E74LM7lHFolKoTOEWmgFGREm36G3NQlsx8sWkiniOM6rtJqMeJc2fBll9puHRuV%7EvqXUrfNZaD4ysAHtlpSHXvDkSJI3unU4vudeVZRjIJJkSQRJdViIUyGjP4O8jCcFaFVftUYqrO3OvndYza2CX9Re0djWfgdX4KUfZ0MDqeJ9-IgUYY%7EceVJyTH8sOs5n4hpdxlF4F%7EcH3LgQ%7EqsmC0tEjixjNQs8MOszsAGJzJhiNtdPO1AMWVKKKz5yu8nhT4a9KLuqb5-fwaSVJzyMvyTOw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 3375c83326ab9851561a43b32ee705b9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ernest M. Frank Photograph Collection Subject The topic of the resource Frank, Ernest M., 1914-1968 Photograph albums Williamsburg (Va.) - Photographs Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Williamsburg (Va.) - Buildings, structures, etc. Description An account of the resource Ernest Maurice Frank, a graduate of Cornell University, rose from the ranks of Draftsman to Assistant Vice-President over the course of a three-decade career at Colonial Williamsburg. During the late 1930s, a team of architects drafted plans to fill in the gaps with reconstruction or restoration of structures not included in the initial group completed in the early 1930s. Known as “Phase II” in Colonial Williamsburg’s evolution, the period launched an expansion of plans for future projects at sites such as the George Wythe and Peyton Randolph Houses, many of which became reality after the end of World War II. Singleton P. Moorehead, an architect who joined the Restoration team in 1928 and became part of the architectural office in 1934, and A.E. Kendrew, Foundation Architect, proved to be pivotal in moving Colonial Williamsburg forward with the Phase II transition. They hired Ernest Frank in 1939 to join their team of draftsmen beginning work on Phase II planning. Unfortunately, World War II intervened, and Frank and many other employees left the organization to fulfill their military duties in 1942. Frank re-joined Colonial Williamsburg in 1946 and established his own architectural practice in Williamsburg on the side in 1947. He rapidly advanced to Senior Draftsmen in 1947, Designer in 1948, and assumed the position of Assistant Director of the Architecture, Construction, and Maintenance Division from 1949-1956. In 1957, he became Director of the division until 1964, when he received a promotion to Assistant Vice-President for Colonial Williamsburg Inc. under Charles Hackett. One of Frank’s major projects involved overseeing the reconstruction of additional eighteenth-century features of the Robert Carter House complex. He and his team researched and designed the two long covered ways connecting outbuildings to the main house, as well as Dr. McKenzie’s Shop and several outbuildings. His architectural drawings for the Powder Magazine and Guardhouse, Bryan House, Ewing House, John Crump House, and the new Visitor’s Center complex and Motor House all attest to his extensive contributions. A member of the American Institute of Architects, Frank regularly spoke at architectural forums and design schools and became a recognized authority on colonial Virginian architecture. In his final years at Colonial Williamsburg, Frank served as a deputy to Charles Hackett, who led Colonial Williamsburg Inc. and Williamsburg Restoration Inc., until his death in 1968. A record of Frank’s meticulous research conducted as part of the process of developing designs for reconstructions can be found in the Ernest M. Frank Photograph Collection, AV2009.58, housed at the Rockefeller Library. Frank joined other members of the architectural team in the late 1940s and early 1950s in a series of trips throughout the mid-Atlantic region and to Great Britain to visit sites and record details that might be used as precedents for features of buildings planned for reconstruction. The team had to engage in a certain amount of educated guesswork for certain features of structures for which they could not find archaeological, historical, or visual evidence. A series of ten photo albums encompasses images from the late 1940s to early 1950s of sites at Colonial Williamsburg, various counties in Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, and South Carolina, and Great Britain. The two albums focusing upon his 1951 trip to England are organized by various types of details under study, such as lamp brackets, signs, shop windows, foot scrapers, chimneys, gates, and fences. Together, the photo albums offer insight into the process used to gather clues for drafting designs for some of the buildings that constitute the second phase of Colonial Williamsburg’s development after World War II. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Frank, Ernest Maurice Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Ernest M. Frank Photograph Collection, AV2009.58 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Extent The size or duration of the resource. Ten albums Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Gelatin silver print mounted on paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Outbuilding, Liberty Hall Description An account of the resource View of a cow standing in next to a dinner bell on a pole in front of an outbuilding at Liberty Hall, Essex County, Virginia. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AV2009-58-A02-FRA013_008 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Frank, Ernest M. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1948 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Ernest Maurice Frank Photograph Collection, AV2009.58, Album 2, Page 13 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1 photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Subject The topic of the resource Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Essex County Outbuildings - Virginia - Essex County Bells Cows Ernest Frank Essex County Liberty Hall Outbuildings Virginia https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/d61e52da1fa319f35e3fab5110039057.jpg?Expires=1781740800&Signature=crYiAeiD50WXdcD-BDTY%7EBSLswokPITD7aEuytN-wmf8KbSIVM8mkqfNC2I-w-ZUJj3tvg0OChDIY2kHyykClnw2HhE2mP-gjOdpxWMrMYiHGYKHjpFR2dbwVVqqhyPCN9rQTd1uA9gcoF7aOFcnVroUj3hdIc86-DoqwvmunBI73g0GgEGBL4NUwwo3yR8nC3ZdcMWEyiG3I%7ETnp38Tsr8XExlI0Tzm%7EUTi%7EZ61B8tiwoHTzEbP214wOgxhK44Va%7EN66bQ8QDMTMow89RTXCdLWAS9ymnAWoct8BX-EAIJA3Lqn7CVwt2BhTJBwkIo59b7PpfaUtQI83iwSXSSg5g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 79012f8d827484db67ec4a3dc7968cdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Finlay Forbes Ferguson Jr. Photograph Collection Subject The topic of the resource Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Williamsburg (Va.) - Photographs Williamsburg (Va.) - Buildings, structures, etc. Description An account of the resource The son of Norfolk architect Finlay Forbes Ferguson Sr., who served as an Advisory Architect in the late 1920s as Williamsburg’s restoration began, Finlay Ferguson Jr. contributed to two different periods of architectural projects at Colonial Williamsburg. A graduate of the University of Virginia’s architecture program, Finlay Jr. started the first phase of his career working as a draftsman at Colonial Williamsburg between 1930-1933. He assisted other members of the research and design team with preparation of conjectural sketches, preliminary elevations and floor plans, and final measured drawings. Finlay left Williamsburg to work in his father’s architectural firm, Peebles and Ferguson, on the restoration of Fort Macon in Moorehead City, North Carolina between 1934-1935. He continued his association with the Norfolk firm until 1939, when he returned to Colonial Williamsburg to work on research and design for the restoration of Bruton Parish Church until 1943. After serving in the Navy during the remainder of World War II, Ferguson resumed practicing architecture in Norfolk. His early association with Colonial Williamsburg allowed him to become a respected expert in architectural restoration and he oversaw projects at the Adam Thoroughgood House, the Moses Myers House, the Willoughby-Baylor House, and the Old Norfolk Academy. Ferguson also designed the General Douglas MacArthur Memorial and restored St. Paul’s Episcopal Church in Edenton, North Carolina. Ferguson joined his architectural colleagues in taking numerous photographs of both ongoing work in the Historic Area and field research at other sites. These are preserved in the Finlay Forbes Ferguson Jr. Photograph Collection, AV2009.16, which encompasses over four hundred black and white images of restoration projects underway in Williamsburg’s Historic Area, as well as architectural design precedents at historic sites in Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, and South Carolina used to facilitate reconstruction of details not documented in historical records, archaeological investigations, or visual representations. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ferguson, Finlay Forbes Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1933-1943 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Finlay Forbes Ferguson Jr. Photograph Collection, AV2009.16 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 439 photographs Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Gelatin silver print Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 2 x 2.75 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bell Tower, Bruton Parish Church Description An account of the resource View looking inside the bell chamber within the Bruton Parish Church tower, Williamsburg, Virginia. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ferguson, Finlay Forbes Jr. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1930 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AV2009-16_FER0398 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Subject The topic of the resource Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 21. Building 01. Church architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg Architectural elements - Virginia - Williamsburg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Finlay Forbes Ferguson, Jr. Photograph Collection, AV2009.16, Box 1, Folder 3 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1 photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Bells Bruton Parish Church Church Towers Finlay Forbes Ferguson Virginia Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/dc087b76aadc8428dc6edbad24a03823.jpg?Expires=1781740800&Signature=dZbL33guhqSMTr3MQfPqz-p2rC0euXJ3jLULFVaxav2SDes1YuKebTOnCNbPX6jsnRmRXv5P0oil1QegkNvumg6Dj-qyFVwhklilE%7EhEzqq57EBE9VLfLXSmUAcLbhxnlr7vrBhVG6Yd7pPyTYHKqQGxkAgIJ59KVlCqe5hBHgFMIK7MW86%7EDisy4gIjYgKls68mbbnM0YK15ZZDfG9pnc9j4YrLIpKTwtXWo38f-VJqTpOZxAi6%7EesQHihUgh7MySQ-bHyH0QZ8MYcoswEgwwMMJn9bznhNzUDIAZH%7ENBK%7EqlKBbdSjR65s30dB3fRZ-dObY5kKlkel5gud%7EkykHg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 7df952d8e0a02f9df571985add78f43c https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/276910d4106f09a89f407055581885de.jpg?Expires=1781740800&Signature=Cz3b%7EcWrMASTspcvk4KcBG0YVCBx76Zvl8D%7EdwaOPgtS2arNdc5IxKxh9uCUgwK7ECQHpSGYYlc9h8UUv3lAr-xz6Xj-ZdsHRGtvjx8e%7ERIdjj2AwxkRiitsl%7EppmGzC%7EAlGAMIO9KStpOcceEtVtjWY39gkzCL1kNf7FgC8GMCGYbM8zOyyYZqEVuDEUCwnsQmAMCtrzH3aOMNLdJW56XRJCa7saEOZBMzqd%7ENlCstleFWIe7LK6kH-PovQlITmdZhNR2kjpvUVfIbWxZII24DZNfIMahtbvcho-n50vNk%7E2n%7ElwdtCvV4UtDM701oZqUgZx5qMXRQ%7ER-4qqD18TA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 7fef79c7ce0c5c8f71681ed645ba9343 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Selections from the Postcard Collection Description An account of the resource The Postcard Collection housed at the John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library consists of postcards of Williamsburg and surrounding areas dating from the late 19th-century to the present. It includes examples of early postcards of the town prior to its restoration by John D. Rockefeller Jr. In addition, it encompasses many examples of official postcards produced by Colonial Williamsburg for tourists. A smaller number of postcards of neighboring historic sites, such as Jamestown and Yorktown, are also present. The selections included here are primarily vintage postcards of Colonial Williamsburg and surrounding tourist attractions ranging in date from 1898 to the 1950s. Early cards in the collection illustrate a range of common postcard types and reproduction techniques. The history of the postcard's development as a souvenir, as well as the growth of tourism in Williamsburg, can be traced via Colonial Williamsburg's Postcard Collection. During what is known as the Pioneer Era from 1870-1898, the first form of postcard, featuring an illustration on one side and an undivided back on the other, did not allow the sender to include a note, unless it was written across a portion of the image on the front. The majority of pioneering postcard formats served as advertisements up until the 1893 Columbia Exposition, when postcards first appeared as souvenirs for Exposition visitors to purchase. The Private Mailing Card Era from 1898-1901 is characterized by cards printed with the notice "Private Mailing Card Authorized by Act of Congress on May 19, 1898." Backs of the cards remained undivided and purchasers could mail the cards for a cost of one cent. Several examples of postcards from this era are present in the collection. They include some of the earliest instances of souvenir cards created to promote Williamsburg historic sites, such as the Courthouse, Bruton Parish Church, the Powder Magazine, and the Capitol site. European rather than American printers created many of these postcards due to their superb skills. Chromo-lithograph cards of this era exhibit extremely rich colors. By the time the Jamestown Exposition took place in 1907, postcard production had entered the Divided Back Era, which continued until 1915. Modified postcard backs offered a segment on the left side for senders to pen a brief message. Production of cards gradually shifted to more American printers. The Jamestown Exposition provided a strong impetus for promotion of other historic sites that attendees might also stop at along the way. A series of postcards commemorating Williamsburg area historic sites in conjunction with the 1907 celebration are excellent examples of very early divided back cards. The Early Modern Era between 1916-1930 led to an increase in production of souvenir cards relating to the Williamsburg area. One type of format popular in this period is the "White Border Card" characterized by a view surrounded with a white border. Real photo cards also began to appear that featured photographs, rather than prints, of local surroundings. In the era before Colonial Williamsburg operated official gift shops, tourists counted on the Cole News Shop as their source for maps, postcards, travel guides, and souvenirs. Mr. Henry Dennison Cole served as the proprietor. His business stood on the site of the present day Taliaferro-Cole Shop. He produced his own postcards of historic sites in the area being restored by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities and other groups of preservation minded citizens. Several examples of cards published by the Cole Shop can be found in the collection and offer a glimpse of attractions popular with early 20th-century tourists, such as the old Masonic Hall and Custis Kitchen. Once Colonial Williamsburg opened a core group of exhibition buildings to the public in the early 1930s, a new era dawned in which the museum began production of official postcards as souvenirs for visitors. Photographs by F.S. Lincoln, an architectural photographer hired on a contract basis in 1935 to take some of the first promotional photos of Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, appeared on a number of real photo postcards issued in the late 1930s. Both examples of postcards bearing his photos, as well as his actual photograph collection, reside at the Rockefeller Library. The Albertype Company of Brooklyn, New York, produced one of the earliest official postcard series highlighting Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, costumed interpreters, Williamsburg Inn and Lodge, and Merchants Square. In addition to holding numerous examples of Albertype cards, the Rockefeller Library also houses the corresponding photographic prints used to generate the postcards. Albertype cards are characterized by sepia toned images that show exterior and interior views of exhibition buildings, as well as some of the earliest scenes of African Americans in costume demonstrating colonial cooking techniques. For further information about Williamsburg postcards, please consult: Preacher, Kristopher J. "Williamsburg in Vintage Postcards." Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, 2002. Reisweber, Kurt. "Williamsburg in Old Post Cards." Colonial Williamsburg XXI, No.2, (June/July 1999): 52-57. Subject The topic of the resource Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg Souvenirs (Keepsakes) - Virginia - Williamsburg - Pictorial works Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Postcard Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 3.5 x 5.5 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Liberty Bell Subject The topic of the resource Bruton Parish Church (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 21. Building 01. Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Postcard Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Description An account of the resource Recto and verso of postcard published by H.D. Cole for The Albertype Co. which features the bell from the steeple of Bruton Parish Church. According to the card's caption: "This bell...has rung out the years for more than a century and a half. It has engraved on it 'The gift of James Tarpley to Bruton Parish, 1761.' It is said that when this bell was being cast, Queen Anne threw into the mould her rings, bracelets, and other jewelry and coins she had about her person, which brought forth the silver tone we hear today. This 'Liberty Bell' was the first in America to proclaim civil independence May 15, 1776 and summoned the patriots together in Revolutionary times." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Albertype Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1920s Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AV-2003-06-25-R AV-2003-06-25-V Albertype Company Bells Bruton Parish Church H.D. Cole Liberty Bell Postcards Steeples Virginia Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/631c9e6cb2d1c4a3645be63bc983c357.jpg?Expires=1781740800&Signature=imWCOG4puKgCW-dv132g1RX6%7EA1ooVwv3kjQWfKbAlGnv6xTq6-McxcIGMiROS9gbZpazBUni4jKGi5pY8byFJMJvcmWiKmC0xM3kE8lP1VCiz6AqLpa-sgC2XrKWh2TigGNY1EOCEFYwzsOOCFs2gg2hrDOtW8eAE4ibxfU0sk5M8tMheQwT20-gNnpoeXLeXvRTarCZdtl1W-9L3ypabMU4Bh7jwzVFSSsjWj8I871rxC0844ClJyAM8-6hZ9ft%7EBUaAGAFCKe3VzIHfXFUsmTccKaKMMZ%7Ef6wXT7dEAmbvZqXUt9e3dOU6LguMNm7kfFCTMhpv6GyO6DchM8Jhg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 745a775423e80b12583f51f0cd92a85a Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1022 IPTC Array a:5:{s:7:"caption";s:157:"Recto of postcard depicting a dining room in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 3.";s:14:"caption_writer";s:15:"Marianne Martin";s:11:"object_name";s:17:"AV-2001-R-09-03-R";s:7:"keyword";s:66:"Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Dining Rooms, Postcards";s:16:"copyright_notice";s:91:"Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation";} IPTC String caption:Recto of postcard depicting a dining room in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 3. caption_writer:Marianne Martin object_name:AV-2001-R-09-03-R keyword:Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Dining Rooms, Postcards copyright_notice:Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Width 1590 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/9709540c3cb626ddfa8f9914d7652817.jpg?Expires=1781740800&Signature=Sx5DihD9ps-CNYDwTKOMaU8%7EDXknAXdVgoO1C6vwtL46PXvswtW7VgSkFES3Oq%7ERjqiHAhpbpDOCWezP2YMdzxH5qJZVc9rte8n0SgyhUvWmvaf8cMsUP%7ECKyU8g8IR2wzLFcWYTmxWJJm2f-k5k7uLRGwB0Bnxiu74iherKGqa5NZOcCJhC5vZlNwyQlcDHONWxzxO%7EzVrpl3T2QD88wL8HBjBe5k%7EWdLUuiUbX1bgmO4gxdLMbekqQxcBN58A3P12uadzo-viEdEYHISnPpoCSKSI8P89GcqanFT4SF9Deh48u0K3FwQCsHQzPKjKD9csg5x5ZCbCOjAz0i%7Eizgw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM b24081acf8eac55977bbc8b9f92a0bd0 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1029 IPTC Array a:5:{s:7:"caption";s:157:"Verso of postcard depicting a dining room in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 3.";s:14:"caption_writer";s:15:"Marianne Martin";s:11:"object_name";s:15:"AV-2001-09-03-V";s:7:"keyword";s:66:"Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Dining Rooms, Postcards";s:16:"copyright_notice";s:91:"Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation";} IPTC String caption:Verso of postcard depicting a dining room in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 3. caption_writer:Marianne Martin object_name:AV-2001-09-03-V keyword:Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Dining Rooms, Postcards copyright_notice:Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Width 1629 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Selections from the Postcard Collection Description An account of the resource The Postcard Collection housed at the John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library consists of postcards of Williamsburg and surrounding areas dating from the late 19th-century to the present. It includes examples of early postcards of the town prior to its restoration by John D. Rockefeller Jr. In addition, it encompasses many examples of official postcards produced by Colonial Williamsburg for tourists. A smaller number of postcards of neighboring historic sites, such as Jamestown and Yorktown, are also present. The selections included here are primarily vintage postcards of Colonial Williamsburg and surrounding tourist attractions ranging in date from 1898 to the 1950s. Early cards in the collection illustrate a range of common postcard types and reproduction techniques. The history of the postcard's development as a souvenir, as well as the growth of tourism in Williamsburg, can be traced via Colonial Williamsburg's Postcard Collection. During what is known as the Pioneer Era from 1870-1898, the first form of postcard, featuring an illustration on one side and an undivided back on the other, did not allow the sender to include a note, unless it was written across a portion of the image on the front. The majority of pioneering postcard formats served as advertisements up until the 1893 Columbia Exposition, when postcards first appeared as souvenirs for Exposition visitors to purchase. The Private Mailing Card Era from 1898-1901 is characterized by cards printed with the notice "Private Mailing Card Authorized by Act of Congress on May 19, 1898." Backs of the cards remained undivided and purchasers could mail the cards for a cost of one cent. Several examples of postcards from this era are present in the collection. They include some of the earliest instances of souvenir cards created to promote Williamsburg historic sites, such as the Courthouse, Bruton Parish Church, the Powder Magazine, and the Capitol site. European rather than American printers created many of these postcards due to their superb skills. Chromo-lithograph cards of this era exhibit extremely rich colors. By the time the Jamestown Exposition took place in 1907, postcard production had entered the Divided Back Era, which continued until 1915. Modified postcard backs offered a segment on the left side for senders to pen a brief message. Production of cards gradually shifted to more American printers. The Jamestown Exposition provided a strong impetus for promotion of other historic sites that attendees might also stop at along the way. A series of postcards commemorating Williamsburg area historic sites in conjunction with the 1907 celebration are excellent examples of very early divided back cards. The Early Modern Era between 1916-1930 led to an increase in production of souvenir cards relating to the Williamsburg area. One type of format popular in this period is the "White Border Card" characterized by a view surrounded with a white border. Real photo cards also began to appear that featured photographs, rather than prints, of local surroundings. In the era before Colonial Williamsburg operated official gift shops, tourists counted on the Cole News Shop as their source for maps, postcards, travel guides, and souvenirs. Mr. Henry Dennison Cole served as the proprietor. His business stood on the site of the present day Taliaferro-Cole Shop. He produced his own postcards of historic sites in the area being restored by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities and other groups of preservation minded citizens. Several examples of cards published by the Cole Shop can be found in the collection and offer a glimpse of attractions popular with early 20th-century tourists, such as the old Masonic Hall and Custis Kitchen. Once Colonial Williamsburg opened a core group of exhibition buildings to the public in the early 1930s, a new era dawned in which the museum began production of official postcards as souvenirs for visitors. Photographs by F.S. Lincoln, an architectural photographer hired on a contract basis in 1935 to take some of the first promotional photos of Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, appeared on a number of real photo postcards issued in the late 1930s. Both examples of postcards bearing his photos, as well as his actual photograph collection, reside at the Rockefeller Library. The Albertype Company of Brooklyn, New York, produced one of the earliest official postcard series highlighting Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, costumed interpreters, Williamsburg Inn and Lodge, and Merchants Square. In addition to holding numerous examples of Albertype cards, the Rockefeller Library also houses the corresponding photographic prints used to generate the postcards. Albertype cards are characterized by sepia toned images that show exterior and interior views of exhibition buildings, as well as some of the earliest scenes of African Americans in costume demonstrating colonial cooking techniques. For further information about Williamsburg postcards, please consult: Preacher, Kristopher J. "Williamsburg in Vintage Postcards." Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, 2002. Reisweber, Kurt. "Williamsburg in Old Post Cards." Colonial Williamsburg XXI, No.2, (June/July 1999): 52-57. Subject The topic of the resource Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg Souvenirs (Keepsakes) - Virginia - Williamsburg - Pictorial works Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Postcard Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 3 x 5 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dining Room, Richard Bland Tavern Description An account of the resource Recto and verso of a postcard depicting a sideboard in the Dining Room of the Richard Bland Tavern published by The Collotype Co. A wall hanging with a blessing written by Robert Burns served as a distinctive feature of the room. Early visitors to Colonial Williamsburg could dine, lodge, and purchase souvenirs and antiques at the Richard Bland Tavern. This postcard formed part of a set that visitors most likely could find in the tavern gift shop. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Collotype Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1930s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a> Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Postcard Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AV2001-09-03-R Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Bells Blessings Dining Rooms High Chairs Ladder Back Chairs Pewter Plates Postcards Richard Bland Tavern Robert Burns Sconces Sideboards Taverns Tea Tables Virginia Wetherburn's Tavern Williamsburg