1 20 3 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/9eebb5037d2aee8ec5cb21aae1bc944a.jpg?Expires=1779926400&Signature=PGYYia3oBT2J6MzkE6bXJVlnfPzg7MHQoXD%7EPPpgTOU51wRGQ9ESr-gP6NKPfRpTwMnpVO9Xy8x%7EsSsjjwI5SqgnByTVPe4prh8EU6Alvqjz5%7EqEJiscn1Eq2xLqvEbP3NZi68BXb1xf7C%7EzKLCvSZDQWu6FqQJGFXnFHcLn7RGySMf-3KbLFzivIHtvUAe%7EIBYJ-0Q3NLnJcmyscmtEsnf0XQu2HvpDEG5uLgZVP1jjKJXPR5yNbX9LrcqyYFxSEYFVfU5IP6gYozEOFTp62k%7EpBhjD7v-sdL2tXHwScwr3qjQvE49b8IhK7MRkPOjIuNuyXB4w6-mt9VRt6rR5ow__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 013c27b6f9fb5b2c394375b7f30828ff Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ernest M. Frank Photograph Collection Subject The topic of the resource Frank, Ernest M., 1914-1968 Photograph albums Williamsburg (Va.) - Photographs Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Williamsburg (Va.) - Buildings, structures, etc. Description An account of the resource Ernest Maurice Frank, a graduate of Cornell University, rose from the ranks of Draftsman to Assistant Vice-President over the course of a three-decade career at Colonial Williamsburg. During the late 1930s, a team of architects drafted plans to fill in the gaps with reconstruction or restoration of structures not included in the initial group completed in the early 1930s. Known as “Phase II” in Colonial Williamsburg’s evolution, the period launched an expansion of plans for future projects at sites such as the George Wythe and Peyton Randolph Houses, many of which became reality after the end of World War II. Singleton P. Moorehead, an architect who joined the Restoration team in 1928 and became part of the architectural office in 1934, and A.E. Kendrew, Foundation Architect, proved to be pivotal in moving Colonial Williamsburg forward with the Phase II transition. They hired Ernest Frank in 1939 to join their team of draftsmen beginning work on Phase II planning. Unfortunately, World War II intervened, and Frank and many other employees left the organization to fulfill their military duties in 1942. Frank re-joined Colonial Williamsburg in 1946 and established his own architectural practice in Williamsburg on the side in 1947. He rapidly advanced to Senior Draftsmen in 1947, Designer in 1948, and assumed the position of Assistant Director of the Architecture, Construction, and Maintenance Division from 1949-1956. In 1957, he became Director of the division until 1964, when he received a promotion to Assistant Vice-President for Colonial Williamsburg Inc. under Charles Hackett. One of Frank’s major projects involved overseeing the reconstruction of additional eighteenth-century features of the Robert Carter House complex. He and his team researched and designed the two long covered ways connecting outbuildings to the main house, as well as Dr. McKenzie’s Shop and several outbuildings. His architectural drawings for the Powder Magazine and Guardhouse, Bryan House, Ewing House, John Crump House, and the new Visitor’s Center complex and Motor House all attest to his extensive contributions. A member of the American Institute of Architects, Frank regularly spoke at architectural forums and design schools and became a recognized authority on colonial Virginian architecture. In his final years at Colonial Williamsburg, Frank served as a deputy to Charles Hackett, who led Colonial Williamsburg Inc. and Williamsburg Restoration Inc., until his death in 1968. A record of Frank’s meticulous research conducted as part of the process of developing designs for reconstructions can be found in the Ernest M. Frank Photograph Collection, AV2009.58, housed at the Rockefeller Library. Frank joined other members of the architectural team in the late 1940s and early 1950s in a series of trips throughout the mid-Atlantic region and to Great Britain to visit sites and record details that might be used as precedents for features of buildings planned for reconstruction. The team had to engage in a certain amount of educated guesswork for certain features of structures for which they could not find archaeological, historical, or visual evidence. A series of ten photo albums encompasses images from the late 1940s to early 1950s of sites at Colonial Williamsburg, various counties in Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, and South Carolina, and Great Britain. The two albums focusing upon his 1951 trip to England are organized by various types of details under study, such as lamp brackets, signs, shop windows, foot scrapers, chimneys, gates, and fences. Together, the photo albums offer insight into the process used to gather clues for drafting designs for some of the buildings that constitute the second phase of Colonial Williamsburg’s development after World War II. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Frank, Ernest Maurice Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Ernest M. Frank Photograph Collection, AV2009.58 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Extent The size or duration of the resource. Ten albums Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Gelatin silver print mounted on paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Unidentified Church, England Description An account of the resource Women and children gathered at a fountain in front of an unidentified church in England. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Frank, Ernest M. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1951 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Ernest M. Frank Photograph Collection, AV2009.58, Album 10, Page 13 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1 photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AV2009-58-A10-FRA013_004 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Subject The topic of the resource Church architecture - England Fountains - England Church Towers Churches England Ernest Frank Fountains https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/19631e20d0b1a1f606e08030010c4a7a.jpg?Expires=1779926400&Signature=fkfZLqjll7q2pOP2EDACUla5HMtnbQV0cs5wgcX1FAPU4sVCFYQE2BP5dW05RVWynvJfMCyiUi6FpRTfUrO5MeCyqVH8APwlS7uOj5OHC2FbrJCgTEcUwK2qxG67H9J7tBcZRnD%7EmlxKwJh2AwyVJvLObAjG-Xacn9uabBz%7Eo80flC43TBHERjiSYT2P5bOhBIyqFJfvPC8ss3SeqSftX2hu5k1hQ0A%7EqWsUNCeQbsWo4-A1WFdmywv84117Z4aDNtdpmG--Uk0PAM2uJpRH93jJBVeyI-apazwsktxx%7ERXLCd-hFXHDyhdwT%7EVTaW7lWpJQRA7Vvvnzt%7ExhmOx5kw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 66601ef29b130e41f72acb3907255dfc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Corrine Montague Mustin Murray Cyanotype Collection Subject The topic of the resource Cyanotypes Williamsburg (Va.) - Photographs Williamsburg (Va.) - Buildings, structures, etc. Richmond (Va.) - Photographs Description An account of the resource Cyanotypes are a distinctive photographic process characterized by a Prussian blue hue that date back to 1842, when Sir John Herschel perfected this method of easily producing a reproduction using plain paper. A piece of paper coated with a light sensitive combination of iron salt, ammonium ferric citrate, and potassium ferricyanide, when exposed to light, turned blue. When a photographer placed a negative on top of the paper and placed it in the light, a positive image would appear on the paper and this image would be fixed through a wash to create a cyan image on a white background. Cyanotypes did not become a common photographic medium until the period between the late 1880s-1920 and tended to be used more often for landscape and architectural views since the bright uniform blue hue did not appeal to many as a format for portraits. Architectural blueprints are created using a similar process where ferric ammonium citrate is used to sensitize the paper and then it is exposed to light and put through a wash to create a design consisting of white lines exposed on a Prussian blue background. The Rockefeller Library holds several collections with examples of the cyanotype medium during its widespread use in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. These offer a glimpse into Williamsburg just prior to the launch of several projects to save historic properties around the town. The Corrine Montague Mustin Murray Cyanotype Collection, AV2012.9, consists entirely of cyanotypes depicting views of Williamsburg, Richmond, and the James River. Dating to circa 1903, they depict many of the historic structures still extant in Williamsburg, as well as the Market Square/Courthouse Green area and Capitol area before many early twentieth-century businesses and residences were erected. Bruton Parish Church welcomed Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin as rector in 1903 and he led a campaign for funds to help restore the church to its eighteenth-century appearance. During this period, town residents also started to organize through such groups as the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, co-founded in 1889 by Cynthia Beverley Tucker Coleman and Mary Jeffrey Galt, to rescue and preserve other deteriorating structures and to begin some early excavation activities, such as uncovering and capping the foundations of the Capitol in 1904. The thirty-five cyanotypes comprising this collection consist of landscape scenes and structures in Williamsburg, Richmond, and along the James River, Virginia collected by Corrine Montague Mustin Murray. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 35 cyanotypes Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Circa 1903 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Cyanotype Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Governor's Mansion Subject The topic of the resource Public buildings - Virginia - Richmond Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Richmond Official residences - Virginia - Richmond Description An account of the resource West elevation of the Governor's Mansion draped in patriotic bunting, Richmond, Virginia Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Circa 1903 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Corrine Montague Mustin Murray Cyanotype Collection, AV2012.9 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1 photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Mus-024 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Bunting Chimneys Fountains Gates Governor's Mansion Ironwork Richmond Virginia https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/188658c96750672843d2040126cb2088.jpg?Expires=1779926400&Signature=eemnL-Lj%7EyRuF-EujoFIalO3Tr6sebDU2zLYLAJbXr2LALmGOLB%7EMRJsAgkJRg6%7EwP%7EuJ3LzgE0K6MwqEzeTlFph0sUO6xgzSPS10BhDTpZgz1VjusfjWv9RN0B-6Hluid480-gOSg7ej4D5TJsQW-zb6LH58d0iIu5FbPcBS6oe8yJgX0lhF5oRn0xVTk6gN5tfO0evzQ2q5MAxaxxDWPlN8Rqr6OiyBDxyeBDMUiYwjLUWOnMaUe2TB27tcPS-D-XOzs08jzLov2q8ktrPwB7vW8YDzMwpzLgKNYafq1pGHsCGI0BPTOIOUDKLtLfHUqTNr%7E%7EPPXSh4pjOyI%7Elvw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM acf16e1642fc847478eaf6de348f95a9 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. 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Title A name given to the resource Selections from the Postcard Collection Description An account of the resource The Postcard Collection housed at the John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library consists of postcards of Williamsburg and surrounding areas dating from the late 19th-century to the present. It includes examples of early postcards of the town prior to its restoration by John D. Rockefeller Jr. In addition, it encompasses many examples of official postcards produced by Colonial Williamsburg for tourists. A smaller number of postcards of neighboring historic sites, such as Jamestown and Yorktown, are also present. The selections included here are primarily vintage postcards of Colonial Williamsburg and surrounding tourist attractions ranging in date from 1898 to the 1950s. Early cards in the collection illustrate a range of common postcard types and reproduction techniques. The history of the postcard's development as a souvenir, as well as the growth of tourism in Williamsburg, can be traced via Colonial Williamsburg's Postcard Collection. During what is known as the Pioneer Era from 1870-1898, the first form of postcard, featuring an illustration on one side and an undivided back on the other, did not allow the sender to include a note, unless it was written across a portion of the image on the front. The majority of pioneering postcard formats served as advertisements up until the 1893 Columbia Exposition, when postcards first appeared as souvenirs for Exposition visitors to purchase. The Private Mailing Card Era from 1898-1901 is characterized by cards printed with the notice "Private Mailing Card Authorized by Act of Congress on May 19, 1898." Backs of the cards remained undivided and purchasers could mail the cards for a cost of one cent. Several examples of postcards from this era are present in the collection. They include some of the earliest instances of souvenir cards created to promote Williamsburg historic sites, such as the Courthouse, Bruton Parish Church, the Powder Magazine, and the Capitol site. European rather than American printers created many of these postcards due to their superb skills. Chromo-lithograph cards of this era exhibit extremely rich colors. By the time the Jamestown Exposition took place in 1907, postcard production had entered the Divided Back Era, which continued until 1915. Modified postcard backs offered a segment on the left side for senders to pen a brief message. Production of cards gradually shifted to more American printers. The Jamestown Exposition provided a strong impetus for promotion of other historic sites that attendees might also stop at along the way. A series of postcards commemorating Williamsburg area historic sites in conjunction with the 1907 celebration are excellent examples of very early divided back cards. The Early Modern Era between 1916-1930 led to an increase in production of souvenir cards relating to the Williamsburg area. One type of format popular in this period is the "White Border Card" characterized by a view surrounded with a white border. Real photo cards also began to appear that featured photographs, rather than prints, of local surroundings. In the era before Colonial Williamsburg operated official gift shops, tourists counted on the Cole News Shop as their source for maps, postcards, travel guides, and souvenirs. Mr. Henry Dennison Cole served as the proprietor. His business stood on the site of the present day Taliaferro-Cole Shop. He produced his own postcards of historic sites in the area being restored by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities and other groups of preservation minded citizens. Several examples of cards published by the Cole Shop can be found in the collection and offer a glimpse of attractions popular with early 20th-century tourists, such as the old Masonic Hall and Custis Kitchen. Once Colonial Williamsburg opened a core group of exhibition buildings to the public in the early 1930s, a new era dawned in which the museum began production of official postcards as souvenirs for visitors. Photographs by F.S. Lincoln, an architectural photographer hired on a contract basis in 1935 to take some of the first promotional photos of Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, appeared on a number of real photo postcards issued in the late 1930s. Both examples of postcards bearing his photos, as well as his actual photograph collection, reside at the Rockefeller Library. The Albertype Company of Brooklyn, New York, produced one of the earliest official postcard series highlighting Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, costumed interpreters, Williamsburg Inn and Lodge, and Merchants Square. In addition to holding numerous examples of Albertype cards, the Rockefeller Library also houses the corresponding photographic prints used to generate the postcards. Albertype cards are characterized by sepia toned images that show exterior and interior views of exhibition buildings, as well as some of the earliest scenes of African Americans in costume demonstrating colonial cooking techniques. For further information about Williamsburg postcards, please consult: Preacher, Kristopher J. "Williamsburg in Vintage Postcards." Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, 2002. Reisweber, Kurt. "Williamsburg in Old Post Cards." Colonial Williamsburg XXI, No.2, (June/July 1999): 52-57. Subject The topic of the resource Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg Souvenirs (Keepsakes) - Virginia - Williamsburg - Pictorial works Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Postcard Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 5.5 x 3.5 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Eastern State Hospital Subject The topic of the resource Eastern State Hospital (Va.) Psychiatric hospitals - Virginia - Williamsburg Hospitals - Virginia - Williamsburg Block 4-3. Building 11. Description An account of the resource Postcard featuring the entrance and grounds of Eastern State Hospital, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Hugh C. Leighton Co., Portland, ME, postmarked 1911. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Hugh C. Leighton Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1911 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AVPC-648-R Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Benches Eastern State Hospital Fountains Gardens Hugh C. Leighton Co. Postcards Psychiatric Hospitals Virginia Williamsburg