1
20
71
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/412ca07dc630554dc326bb59a427bc04.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=LCNrPwbhXmrBzwQHxNrRvfXX2u1qYmuytS3XmO7ghJw7vPTJc6u%7ErdckPHd8JRR-sncLOOxZem0JIoN9wlHm59X64UupeQoi4oloF%7Ep8lT3LovOK7jbMlWkKpKINZmFdHviAYnHYGYTPTVDnxV%7E%7E22SJ0FWrW7%7E3uVG86sQuCgn3X%7E7i%7EJhyIERlwQxiojLfugfa3iWNxzphXTDXbt2pIfzN5L7YEMshg41dM762kC%7EHiuEo8SotU3S6xlFOZ2nEv8dug1Vu9EpG7ueL7quo5%7E4IWqRgPwGmJSWeBHnfakvazxOIR8lti84BKvvUrs33XNyrlQzE-EnYA5bXvDpL%7EA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
0f85f0f09766b9a12ba19bdd730c0695
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Frank Dementi Photograph Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Dementi, Frank A. (1905-1986)
Williamsburg (Va.) - Buildings, structures, etc.
Williamsburg (Va.) - Photographs
Visitors, Foreign
Military personnel - American - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
A selection of photographs taken mostly before 1946 of Williamsburg buildings, events, and people by Richmond, Virginia photographer Frank Dementi and donated to Colonial Williamsburg in 1965. The nephew of Anthony L. Dementi, who founded the Dementi Studio in 1924, Frank Dementi graduated from the Winona School of Photography in Indiana. After working for several years with his brother, Tony Dementi, Frank started a position as a photo journalist with the Richmond News Leader where he worked alongside colleague Park Rouse who recalled "He liked action photography which involved movement, excitement, or even danger ."
Soon after the outbreak of World War II, Dementi opened Colonial Studio in the Business Block at the West end of Duke of Gloucester Street in Williamsburg, Virginia on June 9, 1942. He focused primarily upon photographing soldiers and sailors stationed with military bases in the area but also took on a number of important assignments for Colonial Williamsburg and even took pictures of German prisoners of war. Two of his most exciting opportunities came when members of the Churchill family visited Williamsburg during and shortly after World War II.
In 1945, Dementi relocated his Colonial Studio, offering illustrative and portrait photography, to 9 East Grace Street in Richmond, Virginia, where he operated the business until his retirement in 1984. His early experimentation with color photography led him to win an award in 1955 for a composition set in Colonial Williamsburg that he titled "The Sabbath." Colonial Williamsburg's Director of Promotions, Thomas McCaskey, assisted him with arrangements for the photo shoot and praised the resulting scene of costumed interpreters positioned along Palace Street for "...completely captur[ing] the charm and informality of historic Williamsburg." Throughout his career, he continued to document dignitaries, leaders, and celebrities who visited Virginia, shot numerous scenic views to support state tourism efforts, and continued to take many studio portraits. An engaging storyteller who put his subjects at ease, Frank participated in significant historical events and met many interesting personalities as he built his business.
Over the course of his career, Dementi completed numerous photo shoots at Colonial Williamsburg, ranging from special events and exhibition building openings to the visits of Clementine and Sarah Churchill in September 1943 and Winston Churchill and Dwight D. Eisenhower on March 8, 1946. Mary Churchill, a subaltern in the British Army, took a break from her duties serving as her father’s aide-de-camp during the U.S. visit to accompany her mother on an impromptu trip to Williamsburg organized by the British Embassy. The two started their morning at the Williamsburg Inn, where they met Vernon Geddy, First Vice-President of Colonial Williamsburg, who served as their escort, and local photographer Frank Dementi, who operated Colonial Studio in Williamsburg from 1942-1945. Lord Moran, Winston Churchill’s private physician, and two aides from the White House also accompanied the party. During a guided tour of selected exhibition buildings, including the Governor’s Palace, where costumed interpreter Midge Adolph greeted the women, Clementine and Mary learned about the former British capital. A luncheon at the Travis House Restaurant allowed the group to sample some of the famous scalloped oysters and other fare that won rave reviews from many military and diplomatic guests. Mary Churchill remarked to Vernon Geddy that her post-war plans needed to include a two week stay in Williamsburg. During their “flying visit” to Williamsburg, as Mary Churchill described it, the two learned of Italy’s surrender to the Allies while touring the Raleigh Tavern. It proved to be a momentous day for wartime Williamsburg and one memorialized by Frank Dementi in a series of photo albums he later sent for presentation to the Churchill family.
During his 1946 tour of the United States with General Dwight D. Eisenhower, Sir Winston Churchill made plans to visit Colonial Williamsburg, now twelve years old after the opening of its Historic Area. Mr. Churchill and General Eisenhower arrived by a special train on Friday, March 8, 1946. Their party enjoyed a tour of the Historic Area, followed by a visit to the Wren Building at the College of William and Mary. During their carriage ride, the horses were frightened and the tour continued by car. General Eisenhower recalled how “Sir Winston didn’t pay any attention [to the frightened horses], he just lit his cigar.”
After the tour, Mr. Churchill and General Eisenhower were invited to tea at Raleigh Tavern by Mr. Kenneth Chorley, President of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, where Frank Dementi had the singular honor of being the only photographer allowed in to capture images of the event. The party proceeded to dinner at the Williamsburg Inn. Sir Winston Churchill graced Colonial Williamsburg with an eloquent speech at dinner, concluding with a generous wish: “Long may Colonial Williamsburg flourish! Firm may be the links which it may forge with our past, and may those links of distant by-gone days be reinforced by new links and new bonds which will reach across the ocean and join our two peoples together.”
Frank Dementi's Williamsburg photos constitute the subject matter of this collection while over 70,000 photos relating to the broader history of Richmond and the state of Virginia reside with the Valentine Museum. Members of the Dementi family hold the remainder of his photographic legacy.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Dementi, Frank A.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1930s-1940s
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Frank Dementi Photograph Collection
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
250 photographs
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. LIbrary, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
8 x 10 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Aerial View of Market Square
Description
An account of the resource
Aerial view of Market Square along Duke of Gloucester Street showing Court House, Powder Magazine, and First Baptist Church, with the extension of South England Street on the east side of the Magazine, Williamsburg, Virginia. A cluster of municipal buildings, including a stable, jail, firehouse, and city hall, once located on the South England Street extension, were all demolished at the time this photo was taken. The extension was later covered over to restore the wide open Market Square of eighteenth-century Williamsburg.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Dementi, Frank
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Frank Dementi Photograph Collection
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
1965-D-1567
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Subject
The topic of the resource
Aerial photographs
Powder Magazine (Williamsburg, Va.)
Courthouse (Williamsburg, Va.)
Church architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
1 photograph
Aerial Views
Courthouse of 1770
Duke of Gloucester Street
First Baptist Church
Frank Dementi
Market Square
Powder Magazine
Virginia
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/c25f0aae6537c72ac54445b5aac3698a.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=IXbBnIg91-1zEW92u7A%7Ebw6imFQl07MOU2go3LIpbKtXl84T%7EpDlL-6oEQhDAh2pGNX9DIOJL6CRgLBXUpX3ObCx7PLt4%7EMnO8dnYg6jiLDpp8DPc3yUIYAMjFUszeh8FwP9scIg7ugRZO%7EHAKEmm5%7EtSmzZ%7EQ6XN7uYBHUqqVNsp7JRVj00dloWI6FpyPwlOzBcf1jz8PQe3GuKtcd0rYMZEJ-cWFyamwSh1gOhhDlmGwTeJ8yb6rUQRyAX8433jqqnclUJVelGPNuMhj4y%7E0jtLso1%7EdkhwmyMiCU0Yxy0SpYuNHtT8b0eBGhtm5SeNEI8B%7EhuOTGeiFSlZVdUSA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
f93c35b4cbc8fe0ee374756951d30c08
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Robert Lowell Warner Aerial Photographs
Subject
The topic of the resource
Warner, Robert Lowell
Aerial photography - Virginia - Williamsburg
Photography, Military - United States
African American neighborhoods - Virginia - Williamsburg
World War, 1939-1945 - War work - Virginia - Wiliamsburg
Williamsburg - History - 20th century
Williamsburg (Va.) - Buildings, structures, etc.
Description
An account of the resource
Aerial Perspectives on Wartime Williamsburg
Today’s Rockefeller Library volunteer photographer, Wayne Reynolds, is capturing aerial footage of Williamsburg via a camera attached to a drone. His simulations of flying over Williamsburg add a new perspective to a large archive of aerial photography dating back to the 1920s. Military aircraft from Langley Field captured some of the earliest bird’s-eye views as they documented the terrain for defensive purposes and strategic planning. Some of their aerial images became part of the visual archive the Williamsburg office of architects Perry, Shaw and Hepburn began assembling to aid their study of the town prior to making any changes. Today these photos enhance understanding of the restoration process by showing the many structures that had to be moved or demolished to bring the Historic Area back to its eighteenth-century appearance. In some instances, they may offer the best visual documentation of how different buildings stood in relation to each other in late 1920s Williamsburg.
A long-ago training exercise by a service member has preserved some unique aerial photos of Williamsburg’s Historic Area as it appeared during its next phase of development during World War II. Received as a donation from the Warner family, the series of images taken by Robert Lowell Warner, a United States Navy photographer, document Colonial Williamsburg’s wartime mission of providing educational field trips as part of basic training for soldiers from Fort Eustis and Camp Peary, as well as providing a place for recreation and relaxation to rejuvenate servicemen and their families from other surrounding bases, such a Naval Station Norfolk. The U.S. Navy Photographic Squadron conducted aerial surveys over the Hampton Roads region to allow its crew to hone its skills working with the special cameras and taking photographs wearing a safety harness out an open door of the aircraft. Aerial photographers played a critical role in wartime military operations. They carefully documented terrain from above to aid in planning for defensive and offensive actions. In coordination with photo lithographic units that could rapidly develop and print images, the photographers aided military strategists in quickly planning for aerial maneuvers.
Robert Lowell Warner, a professional photographer from Charleston, West Virginia, enlisted in the United States Naval Reserves on March 10, 1944 and served until January 3, 1946, when he was honorably discharged with the rank of Photographer’s Mate, Second Class. As an employee of the Photographic Squadron Two at Naval Air Station Norfolk, Warner learned to operate special large format cameras used to create aerial photographs for mapping purposes. The photos taken during training exercises in turn provided images that other soldiers could use to practice interpreting images to calculate the sizes of structures and other features at ground level, an important tool for planning military strategy in combat zones. A series of aerial photos could also be used to generate very precise maps useful in both wartime and peacetime.
Warner and his wife took advantage of the recreational opportunities for servicemen and their families at Colonial Williamsburg when taking leave from the Naval Air Station Norfolk. The family holds a 1941 Colonial Williamsburg guidebook and admission tickets for the Raleigh Tavern and the Ludwell-Paradise House dating to 1945. A record of their visits is also preserved in a series of photographs Warner took while touring the Historic Area, including a still life of cooking implements in a fireplace, the Governor’s Palace maze, and various street scenes and exterior building views. They clearly benefitted from the opportunity to rest and recharge offered by the military furlough at Williamsburg and later brought their children back for an educational museum visit. After his discharge, Warner moved back to Charleston, West Virginia and continued his career as a photographer, eventually becoming the chief photographer of the Union Carbide South Charleston Technical Center’s photo lab.
Shot in early color transparency format, the donated set of eight aerial photos offer sharp, detail-oriented perspectives on various regions of the Historic Area in 1945, some of which are quite different in appearance today. In the first example, an aerial view looking towards the east ends of Duke of Gloucester and Francis Streets, Waller Street is shown in an undeveloped state with the Kelly House standing on the site of Christiana Campbell’s Tavern. It was later demolished in the 1950s to allow for reconstruction of the tavern which opened in May 1956. Capitol Landing Road, visible in the upper left, includes a few houses still standing today, such as the one housing the Governor’s Trace Bed & Breakfast.
A second aerial focusing upon the Palace Green area includes a military bus parked in front of the Governor’s Palace where servicemen disembarked for an educational visit. In 1944 and 1945, many convalescent soldiers from area military hospitals toured Colonial Williamsburg as the Soldier Sailor Training Program scaled back and the Historic Area became a significant component of rehabilitation efforts. It also offers a view of the area at the rear of the Governor’s Palace gardens near the C&O railroad tracks where townspeople planted and maintained Victory Gardens.
Another example, a view of the Capitol site looking towards Block 17, housing the Raleigh Tavern, and Blocks 27 and 28 along east Nicholson Street, is significant for its visual documentation of an entire neighborhood now disappeared that once served Williamsburg’s hospitality employees and African American community during the era of segregation. Today the area encompasses Colonial Williamsburg’s Franklin Street administrative buildings, bus operations, archaeological collections building, millwork shop, laundry, commissary, and warehouse. Two churches, Mount Ararat Baptist Church, on Franklin Street, and Union Baptist Church, on Botetourt Street, served the spiritual needs of residents. Along Raleigh Lane, extending off of Nicholson Street near the Public Gaol, stood the Odd Fellows Hall, also known as the Morninglight Lodge, the Hillside Café/Wallace and Cook’s Beer Garden restaurant, and the Thomas Confectionary, all of which provided venues for social and philanthropic activities during the era of segregation. The Toby Scott restaurant and store across Botetourt Street from Mount Ararat Baptist Church gave neighbors another place to shop and congregate.
As part of its effort to attract and retain well-trained hotel and restaurant workers from larger cities to work at hospitality properties, Colonial Williamsburg constructed a row of six white clapboard houses along East Scotland Street in the 1930s. They offered comfortable and up-to-date homes with a living room, full kitchen, bedrooms, bathrooms, and screened porches. Known as “White City” due to the painted white clapboard siding used on all six dwellings, they became the residences of chefs, bellmen, dining room captains, chauffeurs, and housekeepers for the Williamsburg Inn and Lodge. A large white clapboard dormitory building visible on the site of today’s Franklin Street Office Building provided additional lodging for single employees during a period when wartime housing pressures pushed Williamsburg to convert all useable spaces into extra accommodations. Today’s only remainder of this once vibrant neighborhood is Mount Ararat Baptist Church which still stands on Franklin Street next to the Franklin Street Office Building.
While the original intent of Robert Lowell Warner’s aerial photography is long past, the Rockefeller Library is pleased to add digital copies and corresponding inkjet prints to its photo archives, where they will serve a new purpose as an important record of Williamsburg from a bird’s-eye perspective during the 1940s. The aerial views are a significant legacy of the wartime years donated by the Warner family in honor of their father and of the 75th anniversary of the end of World War II. They tell the story of one of the many thousands of soldiers who passed through wartime Williamsburg and upon whom the Historic Area left a lasting impression through the viewfinder of his camera.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Warner, Robert Lowell
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
Seven transparencies
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Robert Lowell Warner Aerial Photographs, AV2022.2, 1-7. See also AV2020.3, 1-8 for associated digital images.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Transparency
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
8.5 x 8.5 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Aerial View of Market Square and Courthouse Green
Subject
The topic of the resource
Aerial photographs - Virginia - Williamsburg
Williamsburg (Va.) - Buildings, structures, etc.
Courthouse (Williamsburg, Va.)
Powder Magazine (Williamsburg, Va.)
Description
An account of the resource
Aerial view looking NW over Market Square and Courthouse Green, Robert Lowell Warner Aerial Photographs of Williamsburg, Virginia, U.S. Naval Reserve Photographic Squadron, May 1945
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Warner, Robert Lowell
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Robert Lowell Warner Aerial Photographs, AV2022.2, 6
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
1 transparency
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
D2020-COPY-0917-2006
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg
Aerial Views
Chowning's Tavern
Courthouse Green
Courthouse of 1770
Lightfoot House
Market Square
Market Square Tavern
Powder Magazine
Robert Lowell Warner
Virginia
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/049019172fc50893fd364714468e1eb7.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=ivJcLUt5MnKcPqCPuNUOwwiYyoNdJrz9cwXghY5INlMUjgVRrLlKWcjjLD-VzdZKjbnd0IjTDMcC6eeH9clUgyHwgdZCsSYX4AWQNMOtqnBrjpKWZhaoxVIaKkiBl%7EvyRJ8nPqGpivj1qROxsdao%7Ez0v9aT8nYVHdzwJj0OQsPqbM5QEGXCAVHMa-NwA84GqlYTqEUGsmNsbyV6fnVJIMjeocakl8yg-PuOR6sLpEegNeRLyqVC8oubFsWNTxQCmkvHn7SOpIz-tbu5QtkZyTtdNl%7Esu7cZhRt1MCKocEjkxGFLiPTjSKMkLCoDl%7E5XAXGFmWXa6F8fNbK3fQAs87w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
1568e8742160956bc8fb69f36b7ab75c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg
Black and white photographs
Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Holmes, Clyde
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1928-1932
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Description
An account of the resource
“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw & Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography. As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, & Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd & Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933.
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
5 x 7 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Baptist Church and Williamsburg Hotel
Subject
The topic of the resource
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Church architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Hotels - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
Pre-restoration view of Market Square looking towards Williamsburg Baptist Church and Williamsburg Hotel (also known at one time as Dr. Bell's Hospital), Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Holmes, Clyde
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1928
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
Circa 1928
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 2, Sheet 25
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
H216 Print Hol-93
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Balustrades
Baptist Church
Bell's Hospital
Brickwork
Clyde Holmes
Columns
Greek Revival Architecture
Market Square
Pediments
Porches
Pre-Restoration
Street Scenes
Virginia
Williamsburg
Williamsburg Hotel
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/299510cb274ef80b5abb072a9db90792.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=lm1fHHOtz223tNaNnuj-YDJndTbqQEbk6dv62b3Jvz5nlyxljpes0dRk7tMw4WlMnodUR33v-7BMC5e7Hh97VVhPfgEvJ3UBW5rnTKYN-AR7LsCXcMgKuTanW7l4QDLMtfHbvjUAvAfOoCbAhS8spI6haHwxPeVtHjoljmlnaQ1wQq4i21iswId4sxJiOPN97DNuEt821x7SeOBKCc-xvhqNcD8PXsiTE9D712mgAp-Ax1XcbDM2wlru-e6-038HzXu%7Eb-E6dhEmeSCHLerJkpmIuJRLVnTBkAgZkXgaHBL1cnbWG-0pX8eSnI9QO%7E3ySSopyjaxrDKmWASZC2rHdQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
9dd3bc21d1fa15f56997a7f215d0e3f7
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Todd and Brown Inc. Photograph Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Todd and Brown Inc., New York
Todd, Webster B.
Brown, J.O.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg - 1930-1939
Williamsburg (Va.) - Photographs
Williamsburg (Va.) - Buildings, structures, etc.
Description
An account of the resource
Todd and Brown, Incorporated, a subsidiary firm of Todd, Robertson and Todd Engineering Corporation, headquartered in New York City, entered into a contract with the Williamsburg Holding Corporation on June 6, 1928. The engineers and contractors carried out work as directed by the architects and landscape architects on the reconstruction and restoration of historic structures and gardens in Williamsburg, Virginia. Mr. Webster B. Todd and Mr. J.O. Brown served as the principals of Todd and Brown, Incorporated. They appointed Robert Trimble to head the firm's Williamsburg office. Between 1928 and 1934, the Williamsburg crew undertook many different construction tasks in support of the museum's development and the relocation of the town's business district to Merchants Square. The Williamsburg office closed in 1934, when Williamsburg Restoration Inc. established its own Construction and Maintenance Department. However, the firm continued to be involved in a supervisory capacity with the building of the Williamsburg Inn from 1936 to 1938.
The Todd and Brown Inc. Photograph Collection, AV2010.3, encompasses over eight hundred negatives and their corresponding photographic prints housed in an album. Systematic examination of the town and extensive planning occurred before the contractors began their assignment to demolish or move buildings not dating to the colonial era. Each photograph they took served a documentary purpose of recording a colonial structure, modern dwelling, business, church, municipal building, or outbuilding as it appeared prior to any work proceeding at a site. The collection is thus a significant archive of the many homes, grocery stores, general stores, gas stations, barber shops, banks, and offices that once stretched up and down Duke of Gloucester Street. It also offers many pre-restoration views of eighteenth-century buildings that had undergone modifications by later residents. A selection of images offers views of early progress on the reconstruction of such public buildings as the Capitol and Raleigh Tavern.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Todd and Brown Inc., New York
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
2.5 x 4 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Baptist Parsonage
Subject
The topic of the resource
Block 12. Building 18.
Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg
Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
Baptist parsonage on Market Square, Williamsburg, Virginia, prior to its demolition
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Todd and Brown Inc.
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Todd and Brown Inc. Photograph Collection, AV2010.3, Box 1
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
TB311
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Market Square
Parsonages
Todd and Brown Inc.
Virginia
Williamsburg
Williamsburg Baptist Church
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/6ab722498bf40bc3b44256eaeb1c2cb6.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=Ak8orsHuSg9drJpNFFkqH1lKzDdzK46PO0XtN7-rL-jKX2kCSkbW0GkV9wc6eIIfIwZ9rUUf19d5Xy5uPu9Ujpv7MqHc6Y-k08ppOV1k1-2FdIwGPbF1O8N%7Em1niBbvXt5m-lJUE0ks8kydoR8nrPWKV1aITQylM7Dimzbdha1%7EomhR%7ErDD9cC0RRdbgCf7EDTDm4ywRm06Kvx1kU28ayjOpb03uCfvQTTx%7E1WDBWkPF9NdAnG4PI6lta4eTxzplRSvfgGAmucgcjHj%7E0wjdZCveQ96RmdvBbNdRq8JiA-ycvhDEIorlgYj828KsgZYfS6KrXTD5ccxaV63dinRb8g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
b316abf541d6b08f6a300a4a4ab9c0d6
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Todd and Brown Inc. Photograph Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Todd and Brown Inc., New York
Todd, Webster B.
Brown, J.O.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg - 1930-1939
Williamsburg (Va.) - Photographs
Williamsburg (Va.) - Buildings, structures, etc.
Description
An account of the resource
Todd and Brown, Incorporated, a subsidiary firm of Todd, Robertson and Todd Engineering Corporation, headquartered in New York City, entered into a contract with the Williamsburg Holding Corporation on June 6, 1928. The engineers and contractors carried out work as directed by the architects and landscape architects on the reconstruction and restoration of historic structures and gardens in Williamsburg, Virginia. Mr. Webster B. Todd and Mr. J.O. Brown served as the principals of Todd and Brown, Incorporated. They appointed Robert Trimble to head the firm's Williamsburg office. Between 1928 and 1934, the Williamsburg crew undertook many different construction tasks in support of the museum's development and the relocation of the town's business district to Merchants Square. The Williamsburg office closed in 1934, when Williamsburg Restoration Inc. established its own Construction and Maintenance Department. However, the firm continued to be involved in a supervisory capacity with the building of the Williamsburg Inn from 1936 to 1938.
The Todd and Brown Inc. Photograph Collection, AV2010.3, encompasses over eight hundred negatives and their corresponding photographic prints housed in an album. Systematic examination of the town and extensive planning occurred before the contractors began their assignment to demolish or move buildings not dating to the colonial era. Each photograph they took served a documentary purpose of recording a colonial structure, modern dwelling, business, church, municipal building, or outbuilding as it appeared prior to any work proceeding at a site. The collection is thus a significant archive of the many homes, grocery stores, general stores, gas stations, barber shops, banks, and offices that once stretched up and down Duke of Gloucester Street. It also offers many pre-restoration views of eighteenth-century buildings that had undergone modifications by later residents. A selection of images offers views of early progress on the reconstruction of such public buildings as the Capitol and Raleigh Tavern.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Todd and Brown Inc., New York
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
2.5 x 4 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Bell Hospital
Subject
The topic of the resource
Block 12. Building 17.
Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Hospitals - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
Bell Hospital on Market Square, Williamsburg, Virginia, prior to its demolition
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Todd and Brown Inc.
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Todd and Brown Inc. Photograph Collection, AV2010.3, Box 1
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
TB310
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Bell Hospital
Market Square
Todd and Brown Inc.
Virginia
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/4a0c4042098e8050abb5e6d9facda12b.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=n%7E0AptZ7VdWUNFxgEOpBk1bkHkIEBxueXNx1jh%7EUj8BVlKeEtWIihK76tp9ABu3Nsuz2Uz0TY77h7-uG8GG1dVqbYJYdF6wIsHKP48%7EmKARYcH8sBDMkdypt0bFLuYoRyxwHlt%7EHkf1920B48naErQNqI2UKc128RNuhDUFtMmKZX7GOUGLgxWRolcCFAz7Zp0laKVnMo5D6Fyn68m6Xs95HP2QspRqDIl%7Es1Z4T3-PPdhbevQrw1zKErQUmRgoYhxcnuTSotVOBptZqctWFs-6pBJbRjIq53JTvkshFP8F7qswak8FttDHGRdmUoTYRT3CP2-fq7RxloSs5VQEBDA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
b75dffe67f05ccbc60de6048e0220925
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
D.N. Davidson Photograph Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
Black and white photographs
Architectural photographs - 1920-1930
Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
In 1933, the Williamsburg Holding Corporation acquired a set of over one hundred photographs from Newport News photographer D.A. Davidson. Described in a January 3, 1933 letter by Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin as "...the most valuable photographs which we have...," it formed the nucleus of what would later become an extensive photo archive relating to Williamsburg's restoration. Taken in the Williamsburg, Virginia area, circa 1928, the images offer many pre-restoration views of the town just prior to the commencement of restoration work funded by John D. Rockefeller Jr. Many local businesses, residences, and even streets known to townspeople in the 1920s but demolished or relocated as part of the development of Colonial Williamsburg in the late 1920s and early 1930s are documented in Davidson's photographs. The collection also provides a visual record of the appearance of many of the surviving eighty-eight public and private buildings dating to the eighteenth-century.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1928
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
D.N. Davidson Photograph Collection
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Davidson, D.N.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
8 x 10 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Bell's Hospital
Subject
The topic of the resource
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Streets - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
Pre-restoration view looking along Duke of Gloucester Street towards Bell's Hospital, Peninsula Garage, and Peninsula Bank, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Davidson, D. N.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1928
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
Circa 1928
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
D. N. Davidson Photograph Collection, AV-2013.2, Box 1, Folder 4
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
D-83
see also N5157
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Bell's Hospital
D. N. Davidson
Duke of Gloucester Street
Lost Architecture
Market Square
Peninsula Bank
Peninsula Garage
Pre-Restoration
Street Scenes
Virginia
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/506d7ad5c4e8a3dd6d6a68cb10478918.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=U6h-n5an7D89r046kxtGEWT8201cZ6vLDACkg4rlmMUv6l82GPLQ2p8lusRG8FWBzQ%7ECwiD9pwaTCw-KbbwRRnA7gplm08kwR4DRBT9ty3cT2jwxIHQlzLJfq22CANwCq%7EmzhHPEpdcVvfmwa7og5wlNM788pCrJMUCbTy6cLUl2E55DMEWofWszKBv0v9jpU0819PILojweR2AMgpbEx4LwUWnBBYyO0eQPY%7E61krKu8ZX%7ERrAptr3NG-R6g-QAoFs-4EaB-v3ZDf3WTwfeTNt6BKat%7EqJkpDvWXSa16dRVoJ37hTwJxhTKAOtXI-eF8zTU1yAw5Htvay89j7aDOw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
d04e788cbe8fb93b603732a0423b52bf
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
John A. Barrows Photograph Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Barrows, John A.
Photography - Virginia
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
John A. Barrows joined the staff of the Williamsburg office of Boston architects Perry, Shaw & Hepburn as a draftsman in the early days of the restoration. Remaining with them until his untimely death, Barrows assisted in the restoration of the College of William and Mary's Wren Building, and was involved with design work for the reconstructed Raleigh Tavern, Capitol, and Governor's Palace. In addition to his research and restoration work, John A. Barrows co-authored "The Domestic Colonial Architecture of Tidewater Virginia" with colleague Thomas Waterman.
As part of his field research, Barrows--at the wheel of his 1928 Buick roadster "Lucy"--photographed numerous buildings and plantations throughout the Tidewater region, including sites in the now restored historic area of Williamsburg, Bacon's Castle, Cleve, Carter's Grove, King William Courthouse, Mt. Airy, Mt. Vernon, Rosewell, Stratford Hall, Sabine Hall, Shirley, Little England, the U.S. Capitol, and the British Embassy in Washington, D.C. These photographs form the core of the collection. The John A. Barrows Photograph Collection is an important adjunct to existing groups of photographic documentation for buildings in Williamsburg's historic area and of Virginia architecture.
SCOPE AND CONTENTS
Black and white photographs, negatives, postcards, and miscellaneous items of Norfolk native John Alden Barrows (b. ca. 1905, d. 1931), architect for the Colonial Williamsburg Restoration. The photographs--some taken by Barrows, Thomas Waterman, Milton Grigg and others--remain in their original order, which follows a somewhat erratic alphabetical arrangement by site/subject.
The John A. Barrows Photograph Collection contains photoprints, taken mainly in Virginia and South Carolina, negatives, portraits, and personal papers and objects. The Photoprints series comprises the bulk of the collection, numbering close to 800 items. The photos, taken by architect and photographer John A. Barrows, display homes, churches, college buildings, and other structures along the eastern seaboard of the United States. Most of the photos were taken in Virginia and South Carolina, but other locations include New Jersey and Maryland. The prints were made in two sizes, 2.5x4 inches and 5x7 inches. The Negatives series has not been inventoried. John A. Barrows is the subject of the portraits found in the Portraits Series. The five images were all taken at different times. The final series, Personal Papers and Objects, includes some of Barrows' writings as well as memorabilia from trips and celebrations.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Barrows, John A.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1930
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
John A. Barrows Photograph Collection, MS1996.22
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
2.5 x 4 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Bell's Hospital
Description
An account of the resource
A group of residents conversing at the corner of King Street and Duke of Gloucester Street in front of Bell's Hospital as workmen begin the process of demolishing the structure, Williamsburg, Virginia. The side elevation of Williamsburg Baptist Church is visible to the left while several buildings once located near the Powder Magazine on Market Square are visible in the background.
Notation on Reverse:
"Nov. 1930 Demolition of Dr. Bell's Hospital begin."
Subject
The topic of the resource
Block 12
Hospitals - Virginia - Williamsburg
Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Barrows, John A.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1930-11
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
John A. Barrows Photograph Collection, MS1996.22, Box 2
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
1 photograph
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Bar-433
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Bell's Hospital
Demolished Buildings
Duke of Gloucester Street
John Barrows
King Street
Market Square
Virginia
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/1b4c8e53dc9d3b67d627e13ac5324145.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=fdqPizmpuDO84rmJZCuuggagwZmJ0XXltrdjR27SEE%7EYHL-6VBoqNQSoQUFIdVtUw04PmWjUGtU1yeqrzKP77XQPw44UxnM-re%7Etlw2u25CPImRZD0Hp4yky4jkaLVZmH4QuzoM39c3MZgLqBi%7EBD3yNTDRtwIZAiL1SfdaJeyQLJCQ5O3Yc9B6hOt6QRHGcWV3H3b2vwG9gbbru2fs68qdIWQ0M0DSZQ5b986gfHhxi8Yk5k7VrsZp6G8%7EhbKvZTgVoa96oIp1TcebcU7fOy2e2ubWcUsa6BJmUtacFtpyiXqnIaObyZSBv%7EdH31reV7QtbQZzrJWFwARRiI-S%7E0A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
65672412874f426b459724737dba7a28
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
John A. Barrows Photograph Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Barrows, John A.
Photography - Virginia
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
John A. Barrows joined the staff of the Williamsburg office of Boston architects Perry, Shaw & Hepburn as a draftsman in the early days of the restoration. Remaining with them until his untimely death, Barrows assisted in the restoration of the College of William and Mary's Wren Building, and was involved with design work for the reconstructed Raleigh Tavern, Capitol, and Governor's Palace. In addition to his research and restoration work, John A. Barrows co-authored "The Domestic Colonial Architecture of Tidewater Virginia" with colleague Thomas Waterman.
As part of his field research, Barrows--at the wheel of his 1928 Buick roadster "Lucy"--photographed numerous buildings and plantations throughout the Tidewater region, including sites in the now restored historic area of Williamsburg, Bacon's Castle, Cleve, Carter's Grove, King William Courthouse, Mt. Airy, Mt. Vernon, Rosewell, Stratford Hall, Sabine Hall, Shirley, Little England, the U.S. Capitol, and the British Embassy in Washington, D.C. These photographs form the core of the collection. The John A. Barrows Photograph Collection is an important adjunct to existing groups of photographic documentation for buildings in Williamsburg's historic area and of Virginia architecture.
SCOPE AND CONTENTS
Black and white photographs, negatives, postcards, and miscellaneous items of Norfolk native John Alden Barrows (b. ca. 1905, d. 1931), architect for the Colonial Williamsburg Restoration. The photographs--some taken by Barrows, Thomas Waterman, Milton Grigg and others--remain in their original order, which follows a somewhat erratic alphabetical arrangement by site/subject.
The John A. Barrows Photograph Collection contains photoprints, taken mainly in Virginia and South Carolina, negatives, portraits, and personal papers and objects. The Photoprints series comprises the bulk of the collection, numbering close to 800 items. The photos, taken by architect and photographer John A. Barrows, display homes, churches, college buildings, and other structures along the eastern seaboard of the United States. Most of the photos were taken in Virginia and South Carolina, but other locations include New Jersey and Maryland. The prints were made in two sizes, 2.5x4 inches and 5x7 inches. The Negatives series has not been inventoried. John A. Barrows is the subject of the portraits found in the Portraits Series. The five images were all taken at different times. The final series, Personal Papers and Objects, includes some of Barrows' writings as well as memorabilia from trips and celebrations.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Barrows, John A.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1930
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
John A. Barrows Photograph Collection, MS1996.22
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
2.5 x 4 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Bell's Hospital and Powder Magazine
Subject
The topic of the resource
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Powder Magazine (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 12. Building 09.
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
Pre-restoration view looking south across Duke of Gloucester Street towards Bell's Hospital and the Powder Magazine on Market Square, Williamsburg, Virginia
Notation on revserse:
"Demolition on Dr. Bell's Hospital began"
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Barrows, John A.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1930-11
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
John A. Barrows Photograph Collection, MS1996.22, Box 1
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Bar-004w (see also 1990-1035CN)
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Automobiles
Bell's Hospital
Market Square
Powder Magazine
Pre-Restoration
Street Scenes
Virginia
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/c165a8a36be33f8e288efbb4c7ba111b.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=jPCkxVgk9z0HOIXG41ACBlV-UR1xTctz4kFaV3dey5Tt8HxBBGIbx5pSGA-QPfPd%7Epb5iqVwSO6qrVy%7ENY7ODcXNmWuA5LKJxuuBn27O%7EZimmJKaWabzl6gZOf95Fh2qFzAzXlnP8%7EKamrntJloRV7TfTP6KF3Pd-XWiI7IxuURiN4BxSuMVdaxSTWColMRvPglY2O0TL2kwTx02obTdNyxlZt2-ifKJCxTBiaOckEONOyq7Ux%7ECKLXR6vkXJV%7E4y4dxOOK8xtzXWt5s0YW5TJDIdaxBW9N9NlcNR2MIzic1D8LU5P29Mv7pspHUBVavXpyw%7EkwTpWivcagECvgFEg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
b7b88e94692053cde2299a9db30b7742
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
D.N. Davidson Photograph Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
Black and white photographs
Architectural photographs - 1920-1930
Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
In 1933, the Williamsburg Holding Corporation acquired a set of over one hundred photographs from Newport News photographer D.A. Davidson. Described in a January 3, 1933 letter by Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin as "...the most valuable photographs which we have...," it formed the nucleus of what would later become an extensive photo archive relating to Williamsburg's restoration. Taken in the Williamsburg, Virginia area, circa 1928, the images offer many pre-restoration views of the town just prior to the commencement of restoration work funded by John D. Rockefeller Jr. Many local businesses, residences, and even streets known to townspeople in the 1920s but demolished or relocated as part of the development of Colonial Williamsburg in the late 1920s and early 1930s are documented in Davidson's photographs. The collection also provides a visual record of the appearance of many of the surviving eighty-eight public and private buildings dating to the eighteenth-century.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1928
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
D.N. Davidson Photograph Collection
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Davidson, D.N.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
8 x 10 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Colonial Hotel
Subject
The topic of the resource
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Hotels - Virginia - Williamsburg
Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
View looking northeast of southwest elevation of the Colonial Hotel, on the site of present-day Chownings Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928. The Colonial Hotel became a Williamsburg Inn annex and was later demolished.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Davidson, D. N.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1928
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
Circa 1928
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
D. N. Davidson Photograph Collection, AV-2013.2, Box 1, Folder 1
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
D-13
see also 78-778
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Chowning's Tavern
Colonial Hotel
D. N. Davidson
Lost Architecture
Market Square
Pre-Restoration
Virginia
Williamsburg
Williamsburg Inn
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/048c7be89bc9c8aec5be73416943f12f.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=l2qt1zSkS2lMwM59tozW1YGrCAS6y5aF%7E4wpTm1UR4vsX0vgd97jWKk3FJrO6yymdeBQPKyEoqFI-UemRxnRFvS0BK5%7Ep3L4msT2yHvOTUF9sKg2GLqT1lgv5VZNrvq8-avRz0aIZghtX71hkjq-tJA8DO8JEzQNhJyEXwPvG%7EThh-izh%7EeOtVPO%7EN0BvpaOo9iJB6wQRgk68aott3s8USU1BOFZJxDsU12SOQ1imQ7DoyZ%7EGcuh-JapUNbAo-5TonZ9Y03TPnbeP5HrQN22aWY%7EthrDnhrdDK679MfnU7SAnFMiCz6EhYPC%7Etw8dk86A5WBnLjw21DC5TZAtqmLkQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
916c826eff14fcf2ba1d6b6b60f74b4d
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Selections from the Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg
Black and white photographs
Holmes, Clyde E., 1902-1977
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Holmes, Clyde
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1928-1932
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Description
An account of the resource
“Since 1924, a young man in Williamsburg, Mr. Clyde Holmes, has been collecting newspaper clippings and taking photographs in connection with the Restoration. This man has apparently all the newspaper write-ups that appeared in the local papers touching the Restoration from the time Dr. Goodwin first attempted to have someone buy the town in 1924; he also has from two to three thousand photographs he has taken of the various buildings and streets in Williamsburg before and after the Restoration began.”
Letter, Vernon Geddy to Perry, Shaw & Hepburn, July 29, 1930, Colonial Williamsburg Corporate Archives
The Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection originated with Clyde Holmes, a long-term Williamsburg resident with a passion for history. His employment at the Imperial Theater on Duke of Gloucester Street helped to develop his interest in film and photography. As noted in the quote above, Holmes drew inspiration from the early efforts of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, rector of Bruton Parish Church, to convince both townspeople and wealthy philanthropists to support preservation of dilapidated structures with ties to the days when Williamsburg was a bustling colonial capital. Goodwin first approached Henry Ford in 1924 with the idea of funding preservation of certain Williamsburg buildings. Undaunted by Ford’s refusal, Goodwin pitched his ideas to John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who agreed to finance restoration of the colonial segment of Williamsburg in 1927. He authorized hiring Perry, Shaw, & Hepburn, a Boston architectural firm, to begin drafting preliminary plans. Once approved, the firm assembled a team of architects and draftsmen who started what local residents jokingly termed a second “Yankee invasion” in the late 1920s as they arrived in the area to study and measure existing buildings, uncover buried foundations, and conduct fieldwork at other colonial sites in the region.
After his photographic efforts came to the attention of this team, Todd & Brown, the firm hired to oversee much of the construction work connected with the Restoration, encouraged Holmes by asking him to assist them with taking “before” photos of various sites. He also took a few to document early progress with archaeological and architectural investigations. While lacking the superior quality of contract photographers hired to aid the team, his amateur photos were recognized early on as having significant value as a working archive of the town’s pre-restoration appearance. Clyde Holmes cooperated with and supported the restoration effort by turning over his collection of clippings and photographs in 1933.
Dating from ca. 1924-1933, his photos capture the birth of the idea of Williamsburg as a tourist destination. Automobiles, a hotel, a souvenir shop, and Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities sites all attest to growing activity in the town as it stood on the brink of transformation into a laboratory for one of the nation’s earliest historic preservation campaigns. Examples of lost architecture that was either soon to be moved or torn down to make way for reconstruction of colonial buildings are also well represented in the collection.
Holmes donated his photos in a bound fire insurance volume. Adhered to the pages with glue, the photos have since been removed for optimal preservation but still await further conservation treatment to remove residual paper backings. Quite a few of the Holmes images were copied by restoration contract photographers and mounted on linen for insertion into albums used on a daily basis by the architectural team. The visible stains, tears, and creases bear witness to the role this group of photos played in providing visual evidence that guided restoration and reconstruction work.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
5 x 7 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Colonial Hotel
Subject
The topic of the resource
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Hotels - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
View looking northeast of southwest elevation of the Colonial Hotel, on the site of present-day Chownings Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1928. The Colonial Hotel became a Williamsburg Inn annex and was later demolished
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Holmes, Clyde
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1928
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
Circa 1928
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Clyde Holmes Photograph Collection, AV2009.25, Box 1, Folder 2, Sheet 23
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
H004 Print Hol-88
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Clyde Holmes
Colonial Hotel
Hotels
Lost Architecture
Market Square
Virginia
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/372561722bf98d322a19c7bd0f7ff454.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=mwbXgztLf-EzIVU6HrZ-CMHp2MUHKMM4GVjkpN6KPXvvXCVnFRe6c3wZBsX%7E4X3HCrd9DWfOVB9jHXiG-%7EfkKqwy6iruU6V1OFnqEkiXoHw4MEJ3xXqho8zhfCq8yZUfsuz6pID-zDjndzWmkh-fYzyk%7EAJsq%7EzG81QqH7WLJ3PefejM3JOskYhCoCHsRDoIiro54hlbVTx4svFpuXdTu5DA8Mq6JydOKwB8J--TMbTh5vMLENvLOgDR7ZN9Y-E4YNL5GHeMeWkTrCOUIDTZlqmFER%7ElG17ozIxQsWm4hYcRE0jX%7EJZqClyw8dMwA-sfGFlRW0DemL6ww0Wq7XcAFQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
eea332bcf5b20f8af27cca3c15b847e7
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Selections from the Frank Nivison Photograph Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Nivison, Frank
Black and white photographs
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
Frank Reginald Nivison served as a contract photographer for Colonial Williamsburg during the initial restoration of the town between 1930 and 1935. Prior to this, he served as a darkroom assistant at the University Film Foundation at Harvard University. He was hired by the Williamsburg Holding Corp. to take progress photos of construction and restoration work, as well as of buildings to be wrecked or moved. According to a memo issued by architect William G. Perry to Frank Nivison on December 12, 1930, his work was to “…include the photography of all buildings and parts of buildings, exterior and interior, which the architects deem necessary for architectural and historical purposes. Such photographs would be supplemented by progress photographs of construction work as it proceeds. All buildings to be wrecked should be photographed before the wrecking takes place. In addition, there will be photographs of furniture, fabrics, and objects of all kinds.”
Nivison set up a small photographic studio in a room in the Bruton Parish House. His equipment included a Zeiss camera, 5x7 inch, with a F 4.5 lens and a special magazine for cut films, along with a Mitchell tripod with a ball and socket head. His darkroom equipment consisted of an Eastman Auto-focus Enlarger, printing machines, and various accessories such as tanks and scales. Over the course of five years, he took more than 7,000 photographs documenting each stage of the restoration or reconstruction of various 18th-century buildings in Williamsburg. Copies of these photographs were forwarded to the offices of Perry, Shaw, & Hepburn in Boston so that the architects could monitor the progress of various projects. Nivison’s photographs were also used to produce postcards, “before and after” lantern slides, and publicity relating to the restoration of Williamsburg.
By late 1935, Nivison had started taking on a lot of outside photography business and Colonial Williamsburg officials felt he should establish himself as an independent photographer. Nivison’s employment with Colonial Williamsburg terminated on July 1, 1935. However, Colonial Williamsburg continued to utilize his services on an as needed basis and assisted him in setting up his own business in Williamsburg. Unfortunately, Nivison did not attract enough outside commissions to enable him to operate independently and filed for bankruptcy in 1937. He applied to Colonial Williamsburg for a monthly retainer fee for his periodic services and was given $100.00 per month to draw upon in 1938. With the advent of World War II, Nivison moved back to Massachusetts in 1940.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
8 x 10 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Colonial Parkway Tunnel Construction
Description
An account of the resource
View of construction progress for the Colonial Parkway tunnel running underneath Duke of Gloucester Street in Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1930s. This view shows the area near the Courthouse of 1770 and Market Square.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Nivison, Frank
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1930s
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
Circa 1930s
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Frank Nivison Photograph Collection
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
N6662
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Subject
The topic of the resource
Tunnels - Virginia - Williamsburg
Streets - Virginia - Williamsburg
Road construction - Virginia - Williamsburg
Colonial Parkway
Courthouse of 1770
Duke of Gloucester Street
Frank Nivison
Laborers
Market Square
Restoration
Tunnels
Virginia
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/80c2f88218a4f04db0e6145213404609.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=qdk9o5tHZ6EDG74CElskZwYHFGb2lsJcR%7E1IAG8iVlY8lIun8MspOGi0VObvcOcaDGbmsaeukobOTy7KbSzcRkrzPtVAjKHW0uO4q8VBxBJkuXS3HZIpYesW3cOXr637YhhmqUojLu1mU%7E%7E86SjbkKG9C%7EZtmpuPOkW9neyQY0bvDI60O%7EiWdqdC178LXAz88RRkiuPNfdDFdzKgNa7u5pFwerkwJmWeLyuqTfFxphCQVCOtqlLyaTcAPRbF2uPy8SrfJ0rPnewtFmFnytLfPe6I%7Em%7EDuxtYlwFMSixRGYciAdK0ch9PTCm29CQ92P1paNSw6-x0ZHH-Ux2kbe8pOA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
7418d893b92a3256e0d30fe2fbb9e903
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/ef2f9df55e1dd2aa72f220ff2f688852.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=eDA6j90aANueHAoQKNld6qDP%7Eu-0uIcHezemhFYhBO-E33iIZfSZUo4UWI%7E5LdJcW%7EFF3jcBJbSnfCLkLRRtQaZdb-Y7gBqfiq4rOKZL-EC3mRnlVlJDMBdUVT7GRtfPsP9Tg3jxPqptVK2HBgP1Mj9jQ9M7WLsRx1YMD7QqvtEbCv5rOH%7EdHRMKYQeUM6QQmTPRvNG5xdsHZ2U5avV6yfnMpvc4MLKc%7EB5rgBEGT0lG0Bndw73zK-YSQslFrg-BJvc1pdSBD1Cm3szIT6JmOX3-b8d-TeRHQK-1-I3oEkHShmJcWdBIj-VOxD%7EBPvFKQSf3EdpkdI3roz-XkgSkPA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
3aa1a743206863623f89bb69476ceacf
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Selections from the Postcard Collection
Description
An account of the resource
The Postcard Collection housed at the John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library consists of postcards of Williamsburg and surrounding areas dating from the late 19th-century to the present. It includes examples of early postcards of the town prior to its restoration by John D. Rockefeller Jr. In addition, it encompasses many examples of official postcards produced by Colonial Williamsburg for tourists. A smaller number of postcards of neighboring historic sites, such as Jamestown and Yorktown, are also present.
The selections included here are primarily vintage postcards of Colonial Williamsburg and surrounding tourist attractions ranging in date from 1898 to the 1950s. Early cards in the collection illustrate a range of common postcard types and reproduction techniques. The history of the postcard's development as a souvenir, as well as the growth of tourism in Williamsburg, can be traced via Colonial Williamsburg's Postcard Collection.
During what is known as the Pioneer Era from 1870-1898, the first form of postcard, featuring an illustration on one side and an undivided back on the other, did not allow the sender to include a note, unless it was written across a portion of the image on the front. The majority of pioneering postcard formats served as advertisements up until the 1893 Columbia Exposition, when postcards first appeared as souvenirs for Exposition visitors to purchase.
The Private Mailing Card Era from 1898-1901 is characterized by cards printed with the notice "Private Mailing Card Authorized by Act of Congress on May 19, 1898." Backs of the cards remained undivided and purchasers could mail the cards for a cost of one cent. Several examples of postcards from this era are present in the collection. They include some of the earliest instances of souvenir cards created to promote Williamsburg historic sites, such as the Courthouse, Bruton Parish Church, the Powder Magazine, and the Capitol site. European rather than American printers created many of these postcards due to their superb skills. Chromo-lithograph cards of this era exhibit extremely rich colors.
By the time the Jamestown Exposition took place in 1907, postcard production had entered the Divided Back Era, which continued until 1915. Modified postcard backs offered a segment on the left side for senders to pen a brief message. Production of cards gradually shifted to more American printers. The Jamestown Exposition provided a strong impetus for promotion of other historic sites that attendees might also stop at along the way. A series of postcards commemorating Williamsburg area historic sites in conjunction with the 1907 celebration are excellent examples of very early divided back cards.
The Early Modern Era between 1916-1930 led to an increase in production of souvenir cards relating to the Williamsburg area. One type of format popular in this period is the "White Border Card" characterized by a view surrounded with a white border. Real photo cards also began to appear that featured photographs, rather than prints, of local surroundings. In the era before Colonial Williamsburg operated official gift shops, tourists counted on the Cole News Shop as their source for maps, postcards, travel guides, and souvenirs. Mr. Henry Dennison Cole served as the proprietor. His business stood on the site of the present day Taliaferro-Cole Shop. He produced his own postcards of historic sites in the area being restored by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities and other groups of preservation minded citizens. Several examples of cards published by the Cole Shop can be found in the collection and offer a glimpse of attractions popular with early 20th-century tourists, such as the old Masonic Hall and Custis Kitchen.
Once Colonial Williamsburg opened a core group of exhibition buildings to the public in the early 1930s, a new era dawned in which the museum began production of official postcards as souvenirs for visitors. Photographs by F.S. Lincoln, an architectural photographer hired on a contract basis in 1935 to take some of the first promotional photos of Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, appeared on a number of real photo postcards issued in the late 1930s. Both examples of postcards bearing his photos, as well as his actual photograph collection, reside at the Rockefeller Library.
The Albertype Company of Brooklyn, New York, produced one of the earliest official postcard series highlighting Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, costumed interpreters, Williamsburg Inn and Lodge, and Merchants Square. In addition to holding numerous examples of Albertype cards, the Rockefeller Library also houses the corresponding photographic prints used to generate the postcards. Albertype cards are characterized by sepia toned images that show exterior and interior views of exhibition buildings, as well as some of the earliest scenes of African Americans in costume demonstrating colonial cooking techniques.
For further information about Williamsburg postcards, please consult:
Preacher, Kristopher J. "Williamsburg in Vintage Postcards." Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, 2002.
Reisweber, Kurt. "Williamsburg in Old Post Cards." Colonial Williamsburg XXI, No.2, (June/July 1999): 52-57.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg
Souvenirs (Keepsakes) - Virginia - Williamsburg - Pictorial works
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Postcard
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
3.5 x 5.5 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Court House
Description
An account of the resource
Postcard, “Court House, Williamsburg, Va..”
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Detroit Photographic Co.
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
1902
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Postcard Collection, AV-2018.10, 1
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
D2021-COPY-1014-0039 R
D2021-COPY-1014-0040 V
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Subject
The topic of the resource
Courthouse (Williamsburg, Va.)
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Detroit Photographic Co.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1902
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
1 postcard
Chimneys
Colonial Williamsburg
Cupolas
Duke of Gloucester Street
Market Square
Pediments
Postcards
Pre-Restoration
Round-headed Windows
Shutters
Virginia
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/a00d3d16bfc5754f0bb7b5328b37e4dc.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=mXyRNgvbFCf42F4yJUrPZHiausuWs2gP99w79nyNdTTrmW-v5pe%7EjhBKC1l9AwQDDtaQMtTiyWRgYH-RdIcZnEE9-0GxMNs7xS2HSZs5fr0Uv-%7E1Z0TTUzEBX3xIEAme7nP4TA5e36z7zERHGxtS-%7EnsXiYO5ozzcXdX9nI7TmVCgU6YYIEAbYvqjjZZKxy0b%7EFIfnAGv%7EOg-qFklDCJ-oKVMLXUeKmuZ4dXaCK8-TSIE-AkUvJe9yG2mInT2FhmeyJiV2WtD3u54t96jZ9He9MPB7i0kAkyn-6oQigisBIgE5VzNuPSw0IYL1WN3jTRciGQG5vXi5mpweNikr6Xlw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
972d2c895b32c5247f2c489a3b455377
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Pacific Stereopticon Company Lantern Slides
Description
An account of the resource
Produced by the Pacific Stereopticon Company of Los Angeles, this collection of forty-five lantern slides depicts individuals involved in the restoration of Williamsburg, as well as some of the restored buildings. The slides are a mixture of black and white and color images taken by various photographers in the late 1930s. Many are copies based upon photos taken by contract professionals hired to document the appeal of the architecture and landscapes of Colonial Williamsburg. Several of the black and white slides are derived from photos taken by noted architectural photographer F.S. Lincoln, whose collection is also available for viewing on this site.
The lantern slides are significant because they document early efforts to publicize the newly opened museum. California architect Reginald Davis Johnson utilized the set to lecture to students and colleagues about the massive efforts undertaken to bring Williamsburg's historic district back to its 18th-century appearance. Noted for his contributions to the development of the Spanish-Southern California architecture of Santa Barbara, Reginald Davis Johnson resided in Pasadena and operated an architectural design studio. Some of his best known projects include the Santa Barbara Biltmore Hotel, the Santa Barbara Post Office, and the Harbor Hills, Rancho San Pedro, and Baldwin Hills communities in Los Angeles.
A precursor of 35mm slides, lantern slides are large format positive transparencies, usually 3.25 x 4 inches, sandwiched between two pieces of glass. Many were hand-colored. A projector allowed the slides to be viewed on a wall or screen. Instead of automatically advancing from one slide to the next, the lantern slides had to be manually placed into a slot on the projector.
Invented in 1848, lantern slides evolved from those associated with magic lanterns in the late 19th-century to the format represented in this collection. Between 1848-1870, oil lamps served as the light source for magic lantern projectors. By the 1890s, the carbon arc lamp offered a better lighting method. The introduction of electricity in the 20th-century allowed the projection of lantern slides to become common in schools and universities. Lantern slides became obsolete in the 1950s when the Kodachrome three-color process brought about the introduction of 35mm slides.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Pacific Stereopticon Co.
Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940
Johnson, Reginald Davis, 1882-1952
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Pacific Stereopticon Co.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
ca. 1935
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Courthouse of 1770
Subject
The topic of the resource
Courthouse (Williamsburg, Va.)
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Block 19. Building 03.
Description
An account of the resource
Hand-colored lantern slide featuring photo of Courthouse taken by F.S. Lincoln in 1935. It is the twenty-fourth slide in a set produced by the Pacific Stereopticon Co. of Los Angeles, California, now defunct, to illustrate the story of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin's dream to restore a portion of Williamsburg, Virginia to its 18th-century appearance as a shrine to early American ideals.
One of the eighty-eight original structures at Colonial Williamsburg, the Courthouse stood on this site from 1770 onwards but underwent a number of minor modifications in the nineteenth century. It was restored to its colonial appearance and opened as an exhibition building in the early 1930s. The Restoration Archaeological Exhibit housed inside offered early museum visitors an opportunity to learn about eighteenth-century artifacts uncovered by archaeologists working in tandem with architectural historians.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Lincoln, F.S.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1935
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
PSC-024
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Pacific Stereopticon Co.
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Pacific Stereopticon Lantern Slide Collection
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Archaeological Museum
Benches
Brickwork
Chimneys
Cornices
Courthouses
Cupolas
F.S. Lincoln
Hitching Rails
Lampposts
Lantern Slides
Market Square
Pacific Stereopticon Company
Pediments
Round-headed Windows
Virginia
Weathervanes
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/b0a3f473a689c8f2afd51c2b6fbe978e.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=dwvnBAEbvXO2a-7sp8kDYRzTmCR4HHvA4HBafx-Tot2FIWrCUdGGBvdllAi43Y9W0j122%7EHAxQj8YH4eo1wexH0c1WBWf80%7EY78ziVeByAe9Y5O0yS%7El9PBAr7EiqN8IGW8cGuXqTMmuzKsUnRMg18znh9yApDVHd6mYzIMCoQJmT2ROd3V6JYW-QgKnqW8jazeM4oksdcb4lRDvFrdDqZgnK3NopYHmMr-O80RN1kPhjuKK1wQ7l9LivAbudNxUI-5q5CypNtwu%7EjesUTdI7jrkcJwFwpRWokqhCYOEkd-MhNeI8eLneFUilqPZJz5zw9-feoD6DvXdhN58sTIrtw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
670fcc4ee858dd68264570d12c221c1f
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Richard Garrison Photography Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Garrison, Richard
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architectural photographs - 1930-1940
Williamsburg (Va.)--History
Description
An account of the resource
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Richard Garrison was a New York photographer with a studio at 52 Vanderbilt Avenue in New York City. His architectural photographs appeared regularly in such magazines as "House Beautiful," "American Art and Architecture," "Architectural Record," and "House & Garden." According to a recommendation written by Mr. Frederic C. Hirons, Garrison “…was trained as an architect and …knows the vital points in taking architectural photographs…”
After F.S. Lincoln’s photography contract expired in 1937, Colonial Williamsburg hired Richard Garrison in his place. A contract signed by Garrison in June 1937 indicates that Garrison was contracted to be available when requested to photograph exterior and interior views of buildings between June 15, 1937 and June 14, 1938. Colonial Williamsburg renewed this agreement with Garrison in 1938 and 1939.
Colonial Williamsburg staff members asked Garrison to create a master collection of official photos of Colonial Williamsburg buildings and gardens. He was given several lists of suggested views to take of the exterior and interior of the Governor’s Palace, the Capitol, the Raleigh Tavern, the Public Gaol, the Wren Building, Market Square Tavern, and the Travis House. The lists also instructed him to photograph various gardens and street scenes in the historic area, as well as shops in the business block and exterior views of the Williamsburg Inn. Some of Garrison’s photos formed part of the Virginia exhibit at the New York World’s Fair in 1939.
Richard Garrison joined the Navy in 1942 and closed his office for the duration of World War II. During this period, his negative files were made available to Colonial Williamsburg at the offices of Underwood & Underwood in New York City. Garrison received his discharge from the Navy in 1946 and contacted Colonial Williamsburg about the possibility of additional contract work. The photographer presented Kenneth Chorley, President of Colonial Williamsburg, with a proposal to photograph the interiors of private homes within the historic area. Mr. Chorley vetoed the proposal because he felt the private interiors were not accurately restored and would confuse the public as to the objectives of the restoration work. Other Colonial Williamsburg staff members were more enthusiastic about the proposal, but it was never approved. Therefore, Garrison did not perform any more contract photography for Colonial Williamsburg after World War II.
Scope and Contents
The Richard Garrison Photo Collection consists of one portfolio of black and white and hand-colored photos ranging in size from 8x10 to 11x14. These are the only known Garrison photos in the Foundation’s photo archives. The whereabouts of the other negatives and prints created by Garrison while under contract to Colonial Williamsburg are unknown.
Although it is unfortunate that only a small portion of Garrison’s photographic work for Colonial Williamsburg has been preserved, this small portfolio provides a sample of the types of photographs he created. The subject matter includes interior views of the Governor’s Palace, George Wythe House, Market Square Tavern, and the Raleigh Tavern; exterior views of the Capitol, Raleigh Tavern, Public Gaol, Courthouse, Ludwell-Paradise House, Ayscough Shop, Palmer House, Travis House, Pitt Dixon House, Coke-Garrett House, and the Williamsburg Inn; and various unidentified garden scenes. Some of the photos are mounted on board and signed by the photographer. They date from the period of 1937-1939, when Garrison worked on a contract basis for Colonial Williamsburg.
Garrison's photographs of Colonial Williamsburg appeared in an exhibit at the Pedac Galleries at Rockefeller Center and also in the publication "Williamsburg, Virginia: A Brief Study in Photographs" published in 1939 by Colonial Williamsburg, Inc.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Garrison, Richard
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
8 x 10 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Courthouse of 1770
Subject
The topic of the resource
Garrison, Richard
Courthouse (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 19. Building 03.
Courthouses - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
Hand-colored photograph of Courthouse of 1770, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1930's
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Garrison, Richard
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1930's
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
Circa 1930's
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Richard Garrison Photography Collection, AV-1998.14, Box 3, Folder 2
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Garr-015A (Hand-colored)
Garr-015B (B&W)
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Brickwork
Cornices
Courthouse of 1770
Courthouses
Cupolas
Market Square
Pediments
Public Buildings
Richard Garrison
Round-headed Windows
Virginia
Weathervanes
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/fa30a7c24211d26acdc0c62a15b720f8.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=Oal3jJK1SfpByeWTu7yA4Jf%7EMQHBKbJlvgzYnPIYYfP%7EplKO%7EJRk8ujzIkIdwsZ9PYVr1MX8d21v47rzLVXBVG2iQXKkksPU2wCDdeeJLhZm9C580I2ikg4tvY3PSfeG%7EkX0gUP0kj3H9zlsV9amjDkdYUp9TtL2i7b3ZlF70OIcxRulYEPBPMQfHruam-%7ETM6DazJo9Y9PEzO383hQgmXV%7E7GiiZU5rgmlCv2UmIFe3lYVXGH-SfQ3mXCtYi70HENoSyLJOdXYTCzYWWyMukXbtiYYw9c3VTScAZb6x7bqyXO4F%7EIhAN9CaHori28ZPsRXNTcETsIHFJGzeB-3hjg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
000c20b74bfc49cf2d24656738a315b4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
E.L. Owens Photograph Album
Subject
The topic of the resource
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Historic buildings - Virginia - Yorktown
Historic buildings - Virginia - Jamestown
Monuments & memorials - Virginia
Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg
Williamsburg (Va.) - Photographs
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Owens, E.L.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1911
Description
An account of the resource
Photograph album compiled by E.L. Owens in 1911 which encompasses images of street scenes, historic sites, monuments, and memorials that drew visitors to the Historic Triangle of Williamsburg, Jamestown, and Yorktown in early twentieth-century Virginia. It is an example of a travel album documenting the beginnings of the region's role as a tourist destination.
The period from the 1890s-1930s witnessed a rise in the production of many such personal mementoes. The Rockefeller Library holds a number of examples ranging from anonymous albums of pre-restoration photos, to scrapbooks compiled by families who lived in Williamsburg’s historic homes, to those documenting the early impressions of tourists between the 1930s-1950s.
Scrapbooks first became popular in the Victorian era as a place to collect and preserve cards, magazine articles, labels, autographs, and colorful prints. After the introduction of the Brownie camera in 1900, the photographic medium became more affordable for the average American and allowed photographs to act as a personal diary of activities. Around this same time, Williamsburg’s residents began working through organizations such as the APVA to rally efforts to preserve some of the town’s eighteenth-century structures and associated history.
Turn-of-the-century albums in the collection such as this one reveal local resident’s experimentation with photos and notations to record their responses to Williamsburg’s historic past.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
8 x 10 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Courthouse of 1770
Subject
The topic of the resource
Block 19. Building 03.
Courthouse (Williamsburg, Va.)
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
Pre-restoration view of south elevation of Courthouse of 1770, Duke of Gloucester Street, Williamsburg, Virginia
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Owens, E. L.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1911
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
1911
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
E. L. Owens Photograph Album, Box 1
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
1 photograph
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Owens027
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Columns
Cornices
Courthouse of 1770
Courthouses
Cupolas
E.L. Owens
Market Square
Pediments
Round-headed Windows
Virginia
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/6d2f01484ce3251557a46d9d95ec4efd.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=v4ZcMkmlY8e6hLGM1z8wUDIuf3NK9sq68hbtL4RImJnvpJmmXBFiudgqrqljcfNMVHQQjAWlaHMY-pPz6DBZl1G0eZvPgjYWYPdQfmN79HNKh6taDEIsdKuu9FFUM6g7qM7MMggM%7Eckjd7lGkC0OEugiZbQ-FdrHaZXQegacebpwEiwHm0wV0BUo1GttWGZf-UyTllT%7Eg8HMa2aNCWYWVi1KvAiqZz96J-nkQwkdD5SuvrOkl7x9ZDOHhbcN9ERDM8LDV6-lm1zKT%7E87uyI1QVy4FEH6Q3OcARwfpTCT4J6o33hMio6WjdiPPQ6hg8VsmisPrsYpR2ZWFEza8stS9g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
147a699e4aefccf80f8432e7143abb8b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Highlights of the Susan Higginson Nash Photograph Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Nash, Susan Higginson
Williamsburg (Va.)--History
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia
Documentary photography - Virginia
Architectural photographs - 1930-1940
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Nash, Susan Higginson
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Description
An account of the resource
Susan Higginson Nash was born in Brookline, Massachusetts on August 8, 1893 and died in Boston on July 25, 1971. She served as a consultant on antiques and interior decoration in association with the Boston architectural firm of Perry, Shaw, & Hepburn, chosen to carry out the early work on Williamsburg's restoration. Later a member of the American Institute of Decorators, she was a friend of architect William G. Perry with whom she first visited Williamsburg in 1923. During field trips to Virginia sites, she met the popular Richmond novelist Ellen Glasgow, who advised her: "If you do any work at Williamsburg, make it perceptible." Mrs. Nash felt this was a wonderful phrase and quoted it often, evidently taking it to mean that the work should be subtly and sympathetically done.
Most of the photos in the Susan Higginson Nash Photograph Collection date to the early 1930s, when steps to be taken in the physical restoration of the colonial capital were still under study. Sites include many of the important extant eighteenth-century houses in the Tidewater region of Virginia, such as Shirley, Westover, Mt. Airy, Sabine Hall and Marmion. Excursions to such sites were made to help in determining proper precedents for the work to be carried out in Williamsburg's Historic Area.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Early 1930s
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
3.25 x 4.25 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Courthouse of 1770
Subject
The topic of the resource
Block 19. Building 03.
Courthouse (Williamsburg, Va.)
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
Automobile parked in front of the Courthouse of 1770 on Duke of Gloucester Street, Williamsburg, Virginia
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Nash, Susan Higginson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1929-1934
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Susan Higginson Nash Photograph Collection, AV2009.35
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
1 photograph
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Na507
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Automobiles
Columns
Courthouses
Cupolas
Duke of Gloucester Street
Market Square
Pediments
Porches
Round-headed Windows
Shutters
Susan Higginson Nash
Virginia
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/2c062dc9098b1c2e5ee1f6bf43f15966.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=QmYgKTP00k18%7E4eyVYGWud-STNc5npSaoFfgGEhXlNt0paFk2xrh1Ab0kcuoM44y-ZUMW93fGbB0gq21riOverzlAPBdsyScAkBHNGuRdbW8aIuYWL8HOu1vm99K8dPG7Oun508%7Et89boQ3dajRJ0ZEgRFEwdfcB5G71JGS29cTQi52abm5tl8DAJ6bQo4SxOfnWvKpoiQtmPA1eSw7-Av-0G0S0XjKQZusyynfhBDs5E5413NZ2m96sHX97SNHS5MiCgYxF5WU63WSq9q3j7MxFlbsDZIxKYumpJ2M4irKOKBv72dG0gJbUj9a%7ExXG1n6ADCq%7E2QIxpa0%7Elp3K33g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
b01d5445b76e538169fc432efa322361
Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
Bit Depth
8
Channels
1
Height
768
Width
617
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
F.S. Lincoln Photography Collection
Description
An account of the resource
The FS Lincoln Collection
Biographical Sketch
Mr. Fay S. Lincoln (known professionally as F.S. Lincoln) operated a photography studio in New York City from the 1930s until the mid 1960s. He was born in Keene, New Hampshire in 1894 and attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Although he received training as an engineer, Mr. Lincoln chose to become a professional photographer in 1929, when he opened the firm of Nyholm & Lincoln in conjunction with another photographer, Peter Nyholm, in New York City. A few years later, he opened his own studio at 114 East 32nd St.1
In 1932, Lincoln began corresponding with Kenneth Chorley, President of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, about the possibility of contracting with the Foundation to photograph the completed restoration work at Williamsburg. Lincoln had learned that John D. Rockefeller, Jr. was looking for someone to create a master collection of photos of Williamsburg through Arthur S. Vernay, an acquaintance of Abby Aldrich Rockefeller. In his correspondence, Lincoln noted he had completed photographic assignments for many of the top architects and designers in New York, including Arthur S. Vernay, Joseph Urban, James Gamble Rogers, Voorhees, Gmelin & Walker, McKim, Mead, & White, Robert Locher, and Eugene Schoen. He also pointed out that he had sold architectural photos to many prominent magazines, including "Architectural Record," "National Geographic," "Country Life," "Architectural Forum," and "Spur."2
Lincoln's credentials, along with sample photographs and recommendations from magazine editors, enabled him to secure a contract with Colonial Williamsburg on April 22, 1935. According to the terms of the contract, Lincoln was hired to prepare a master collection of photographs and negatives that Colonial Williamsburg could sell to tourists and residents of Williamsburg, as well as use for promotional purposes. Lincoln retained the right to sell copies of his photographs at his New York studio, provided he consulted with the Foundation regarding the proposed use of the photographs. He also retained title to all negatives and copyright for all photos until the termination of his business. Plans for a traveling exhibition of Lincoln's photographs of Williamsburg were also mentioned in the contract.3
During 1935, F.S. Lincoln traveled to Williamsburg at seasonal intervals to photograph views requested by the Foundation. A panel of Colonial Williamsburg employees reviewed each series of photos and selected a group to be added to the master collection. F.S. Lincoln photos illustrated two portfolios about Colonial Williamsburg published in the "Architectural Record" in December 1935 and November 1936. Full-page black and white photos of restored buildings and gardens accompanied articles on the restoration written by Kenneth Chorley, Fiske Kimball, William G. Perry, and Arthur Shurcliff. Thus, Lincoln's photos gave the American public their first introduction to the completed restoration.
Lincoln had also been hired by Colonial Williamsburg to create a group of photographs of Williamsburg that could be exhibited. Correspondence between staff members indicates that John D. Rockefeller, Jr. hoped to mount a traveling exhibit of Williamsburg photographs. An exhibit of a selection of Lincoln's views of Williamsburg, along with photos he took for "Harper's Bazaar," "House and Garden," "House Beautiful," "Vanity Fair," "National Geographic," and "Town and Country," was held at the Rabinovitch Gallery in New York City from October 4-17, 1935.
Although Foundation employees were satisfied with the quality of Lincoln's photographs, they were dismayed by the cost of individual prints and enlargements. Memos exchanged between members of the marketing staff indicate that employees were having a hard time convincing distributors to purchase enlargements of the Lincoln photos for display in shop windows. As a result, the Foundation's agreement with F.S. Lincoln was terminated on April 21, 1936.4
Despite this setback, F.S. Lincoln secured contracts for many other architectural photography projects in the 1930s. He received numerous commissions to photograph buildings in New York City and also traveled abroad on several assignments. In 1934, he completed a portfolio of photos of Mont St. Michel and in 1938 he toured the deep South and photographed examples of antebellum architecture. Lincoln's photos were widely published in the 1930s and 1940s in such magazines as "Architectural Record," "House Beautiful," "National Geographic," "Country Life," and "Architectural Forum." In addition, he published a book of his photographs in 1946 entitled "Charleston: Photographic Studies by F.S. Lincoln."5
F.S. Lincoln continued to operate a photography studio in New York City until 1965, when he retired and moved to Center Hall, Pennsylvania to live with his sister. He forwarded all of his negatives of Williamsburg buildings to the Foundation in 1972, along with a letter stating that “the copyright of the photographs has run out, so you are free to use them as desired.”6 Upon his death in 1976, the remainder of Lincoln's archive of prints and negatives, as well as some business papers, were donated to the Pennsylvania State University Archives.
Scope and Contents
The F.S. Lincoln collection consists of black and white negatives and prints taken by Mr. Lincoln in preparation for the publication of "The Restoration of Colonial Williamsburg in Virginia," a series of articles appearing in the December 1935 and November 1936 issues of "The Architectural Record." Both issues featured a portfolio of buildings and gardens in the newly restored historic area of Williamsburg.
In order to produce a large pool of photos for use in these portfolios, Mr. Lincoln created comprehensive visual documentation of the work completed during the initial phases of the restoration (1927-1935.) He photographed the exteriors and interiors of thirty restored buildings, including the exhibition buildings open to the public, such as the Governor's Palace, the Capitol, Raleigh Tavern, Bruton Parish Church, the Wren Building, and the Powder Magazine. In addition, he captured exterior views of some of the shops open on Merchant's Square and restored buildings adapted for public use, such as the Public Library. He also photographed many of the gardens and garden ornaments throughout the restored area.
The collection is organized into series by format. Series included in the collection are negatives; bound matted and signed prints; unbound matted and signed prints; and small albums. Within each format, items are organized according to the numbering system assigned by Mr. Lincoln. The first three digits of numbers assigned to the images correspond to a particular building or subject category. For example, all images of the Capitol have numbers beginning with 325 and all miscellaneous views have numbers beginning with 365. After these first three digits, Lincoln added a P for print and then a successive number for each view. For example, the first view of the Capitol is number 325P1. An “LC” prefix has been added to all image numbers by the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation to identify the images as coming from the Lincoln Collection.
Endnotes
1 Champagne, Anne, “Fay S. Lincoln Collection,” History of Photography 17, (Spring 1993): 127-128.
2 F.S. Lincoln to B.W. Norton, October 18, 1933. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives.
3 Agreement dated April 22, 1935 between Colonial Williamsburg, Inc. and F.S. Lincoln, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives.
4 Mr. Norton to Mr. Darling, February 22, 1937; Kenneth Chorley to F.S. Lincoln, April 6, 1937, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives.
5 Champagne, Anne, “Fay S. Lincoln Collection,” History of Photography 17 (Spring 1993): 128.
6 F.S. Lincoln to James R. Short, May 15, 1972, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin or collodian printing out paper with platinum toning, mounted on board.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
8x10 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Courthouse, Front Elevation
Subject
The topic of the resource
Courthouse (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 19. Building 3.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
View of the front elevation of the Courthouse of 1770 from across Duke of Gloucester Street, taken by F.S. Lincoln in 1935. One of the eighty-eight original structures at Colonial Williamsburg, the Courthouse stood on this site from 1770 onwards but underwent a number of minor modifications in the nineteenth century. It was restored to its colonial appearance and opened as an exhibition building in the early 1930s. The Restoration Archaeological Exhibit housed inside offered early museum visitors an opportunity to learn about eighteenth-century artifacts uncovered by archaeologists working in tandem with architectural historians.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Lincoln, F.S.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1935
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
1935
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LC331P3
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Archaeology Museum
Chimneys
Cornices
Courthouse
Cupolas
Dentils
Duke of Gloucester Street
F.S. Lincoln
Hitching Posts
Lampposts
Market Square
Pediments
Round-headed Windows
Signboards
Signs
Stairs
Virginia
Weather Vanes
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/fe8800ecc7f595089bd10f1ff10df744.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=Qwq08rCE9xquP4KtshPCoyV3gNritTfjy7A9BZOH-8fwJZukFjPdtd%7EVwvLZlIVBhWQpzxVV2qN4j-RRCnPANp-gWSHZmgNfw8ihunXBo5NXdLrUyzSvOcu1S1Ssymhrs016Bs-lvOvsiWjebu05TbXIZTUmv0OQbNKoJb5DWs8LmqMRABEX-eEeR-1uYpqt-PQoTTBiPKrMusXqd3kg6lEaq-mBNGoETX-QTw46mPGlbOapRp5tW1kKoHmmv4t7lT-rI0SXgjTNig8fuaDhWkHiN9EaC6NMc5L9E5DSH1-vRrYfvkOgiU7AkhXRD4cBITwzpSMtERCqgxJLQsrzoQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
1b1836309fd96f77a67d08c97ef5e8a0
Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
Bit Depth
8
Channels
1
Height
768
Width
607
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
F.S. Lincoln Photography Collection
Description
An account of the resource
The FS Lincoln Collection
Biographical Sketch
Mr. Fay S. Lincoln (known professionally as F.S. Lincoln) operated a photography studio in New York City from the 1930s until the mid 1960s. He was born in Keene, New Hampshire in 1894 and attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Although he received training as an engineer, Mr. Lincoln chose to become a professional photographer in 1929, when he opened the firm of Nyholm & Lincoln in conjunction with another photographer, Peter Nyholm, in New York City. A few years later, he opened his own studio at 114 East 32nd St.1
In 1932, Lincoln began corresponding with Kenneth Chorley, President of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, about the possibility of contracting with the Foundation to photograph the completed restoration work at Williamsburg. Lincoln had learned that John D. Rockefeller, Jr. was looking for someone to create a master collection of photos of Williamsburg through Arthur S. Vernay, an acquaintance of Abby Aldrich Rockefeller. In his correspondence, Lincoln noted he had completed photographic assignments for many of the top architects and designers in New York, including Arthur S. Vernay, Joseph Urban, James Gamble Rogers, Voorhees, Gmelin & Walker, McKim, Mead, & White, Robert Locher, and Eugene Schoen. He also pointed out that he had sold architectural photos to many prominent magazines, including "Architectural Record," "National Geographic," "Country Life," "Architectural Forum," and "Spur."2
Lincoln's credentials, along with sample photographs and recommendations from magazine editors, enabled him to secure a contract with Colonial Williamsburg on April 22, 1935. According to the terms of the contract, Lincoln was hired to prepare a master collection of photographs and negatives that Colonial Williamsburg could sell to tourists and residents of Williamsburg, as well as use for promotional purposes. Lincoln retained the right to sell copies of his photographs at his New York studio, provided he consulted with the Foundation regarding the proposed use of the photographs. He also retained title to all negatives and copyright for all photos until the termination of his business. Plans for a traveling exhibition of Lincoln's photographs of Williamsburg were also mentioned in the contract.3
During 1935, F.S. Lincoln traveled to Williamsburg at seasonal intervals to photograph views requested by the Foundation. A panel of Colonial Williamsburg employees reviewed each series of photos and selected a group to be added to the master collection. F.S. Lincoln photos illustrated two portfolios about Colonial Williamsburg published in the "Architectural Record" in December 1935 and November 1936. Full-page black and white photos of restored buildings and gardens accompanied articles on the restoration written by Kenneth Chorley, Fiske Kimball, William G. Perry, and Arthur Shurcliff. Thus, Lincoln's photos gave the American public their first introduction to the completed restoration.
Lincoln had also been hired by Colonial Williamsburg to create a group of photographs of Williamsburg that could be exhibited. Correspondence between staff members indicates that John D. Rockefeller, Jr. hoped to mount a traveling exhibit of Williamsburg photographs. An exhibit of a selection of Lincoln's views of Williamsburg, along with photos he took for "Harper's Bazaar," "House and Garden," "House Beautiful," "Vanity Fair," "National Geographic," and "Town and Country," was held at the Rabinovitch Gallery in New York City from October 4-17, 1935.
Although Foundation employees were satisfied with the quality of Lincoln's photographs, they were dismayed by the cost of individual prints and enlargements. Memos exchanged between members of the marketing staff indicate that employees were having a hard time convincing distributors to purchase enlargements of the Lincoln photos for display in shop windows. As a result, the Foundation's agreement with F.S. Lincoln was terminated on April 21, 1936.4
Despite this setback, F.S. Lincoln secured contracts for many other architectural photography projects in the 1930s. He received numerous commissions to photograph buildings in New York City and also traveled abroad on several assignments. In 1934, he completed a portfolio of photos of Mont St. Michel and in 1938 he toured the deep South and photographed examples of antebellum architecture. Lincoln's photos were widely published in the 1930s and 1940s in such magazines as "Architectural Record," "House Beautiful," "National Geographic," "Country Life," and "Architectural Forum." In addition, he published a book of his photographs in 1946 entitled "Charleston: Photographic Studies by F.S. Lincoln."5
F.S. Lincoln continued to operate a photography studio in New York City until 1965, when he retired and moved to Center Hall, Pennsylvania to live with his sister. He forwarded all of his negatives of Williamsburg buildings to the Foundation in 1972, along with a letter stating that “the copyright of the photographs has run out, so you are free to use them as desired.”6 Upon his death in 1976, the remainder of Lincoln's archive of prints and negatives, as well as some business papers, were donated to the Pennsylvania State University Archives.
Scope and Contents
The F.S. Lincoln collection consists of black and white negatives and prints taken by Mr. Lincoln in preparation for the publication of "The Restoration of Colonial Williamsburg in Virginia," a series of articles appearing in the December 1935 and November 1936 issues of "The Architectural Record." Both issues featured a portfolio of buildings and gardens in the newly restored historic area of Williamsburg.
In order to produce a large pool of photos for use in these portfolios, Mr. Lincoln created comprehensive visual documentation of the work completed during the initial phases of the restoration (1927-1935.) He photographed the exteriors and interiors of thirty restored buildings, including the exhibition buildings open to the public, such as the Governor's Palace, the Capitol, Raleigh Tavern, Bruton Parish Church, the Wren Building, and the Powder Magazine. In addition, he captured exterior views of some of the shops open on Merchant's Square and restored buildings adapted for public use, such as the Public Library. He also photographed many of the gardens and garden ornaments throughout the restored area.
The collection is organized into series by format. Series included in the collection are negatives; bound matted and signed prints; unbound matted and signed prints; and small albums. Within each format, items are organized according to the numbering system assigned by Mr. Lincoln. The first three digits of numbers assigned to the images correspond to a particular building or subject category. For example, all images of the Capitol have numbers beginning with 325 and all miscellaneous views have numbers beginning with 365. After these first three digits, Lincoln added a P for print and then a successive number for each view. For example, the first view of the Capitol is number 325P1. An “LC” prefix has been added to all image numbers by the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation to identify the images as coming from the Lincoln Collection.
Endnotes
1 Champagne, Anne, “Fay S. Lincoln Collection,” History of Photography 17, (Spring 1993): 127-128.
2 F.S. Lincoln to B.W. Norton, October 18, 1933. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives.
3 Agreement dated April 22, 1935 between Colonial Williamsburg, Inc. and F.S. Lincoln, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives.
4 Mr. Norton to Mr. Darling, February 22, 1937; Kenneth Chorley to F.S. Lincoln, April 6, 1937, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives.
5 Champagne, Anne, “Fay S. Lincoln Collection,” History of Photography 17 (Spring 1993): 128.
6 F.S. Lincoln to James R. Short, May 15, 1972, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin or collodian printing out paper with platinum toning, mounted on board.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
8x10 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Courthouse, Front Elevation
Subject
The topic of the resource
Courthouse (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 29. Building 02.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
View of the front elevation of the Courthouse of 1770 from across Duke of Gloucester Street, taken by F.S. Lincoln in 1935. One of the eighty-eight original structures at Colonial Williamsburg, the Courthouse stood on this site from 1770 onwards but underwent a number of minor modifications in the nineteenth century. It was restored to its colonial appearance and opened as an exhibition building in the early 1930s. The Restoration Archaeological Exhibit housed inside offered early museum visitors an opportunity to learn about eighteenth-century artifacts uncovered by archaeologists working in tandem with architectural historians.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Lincoln, F.S.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1935
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
1935
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LC331P4
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Archaeology Museum
Benches
Chimneys
Cornices
Courthouse
Cupolas
Dentils
Duke of Gloucester Street
F.S. Lincoln
Hitching Posts
Market Square
Pediments
Round-headed Windows
Signboards
Signs
Stairs
Virginia
Weather Vanes
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/f8769bc704086ce6993afdc43b275647.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=i85wFoCm3Ldz1nf8kFH98qH8ylE3cwWeShmWc7r-NITElcSuCxJxzGc4FhpLWnbgAsZceQ5pZNiKcY5muPlugwZxH9Y3cm00mUyjqJgytXKPEbWlwR-zMUegBR3EwNVnkLyRp7a6WHmcRZJLlaHbab9m5X5olmtL4P8sF9H-7JX70CgBIJ4%7E47suPYFxYk5SZ%7E1QFRDyeckTCPkTNzEQK3TZAfbQRNkqPCWyS6yApG8dsWrf0R0%7E3Q5CaB70ismazbaSjuPLj7htEUa0HTxBtkpKS-tdFFvNbq7Em7wKara8irKWC3XmGUkNXHauyP3UzbYEDsyGH6FGteQ14qkPgA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
5b6f7b4d50be0bfe7aea3241bc62b218
Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
Bit Depth
8
Channels
1
Height
768
Width
606
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
F.S. Lincoln Photography Collection
Description
An account of the resource
The FS Lincoln Collection
Biographical Sketch
Mr. Fay S. Lincoln (known professionally as F.S. Lincoln) operated a photography studio in New York City from the 1930s until the mid 1960s. He was born in Keene, New Hampshire in 1894 and attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Although he received training as an engineer, Mr. Lincoln chose to become a professional photographer in 1929, when he opened the firm of Nyholm & Lincoln in conjunction with another photographer, Peter Nyholm, in New York City. A few years later, he opened his own studio at 114 East 32nd St.1
In 1932, Lincoln began corresponding with Kenneth Chorley, President of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, about the possibility of contracting with the Foundation to photograph the completed restoration work at Williamsburg. Lincoln had learned that John D. Rockefeller, Jr. was looking for someone to create a master collection of photos of Williamsburg through Arthur S. Vernay, an acquaintance of Abby Aldrich Rockefeller. In his correspondence, Lincoln noted he had completed photographic assignments for many of the top architects and designers in New York, including Arthur S. Vernay, Joseph Urban, James Gamble Rogers, Voorhees, Gmelin & Walker, McKim, Mead, & White, Robert Locher, and Eugene Schoen. He also pointed out that he had sold architectural photos to many prominent magazines, including "Architectural Record," "National Geographic," "Country Life," "Architectural Forum," and "Spur."2
Lincoln's credentials, along with sample photographs and recommendations from magazine editors, enabled him to secure a contract with Colonial Williamsburg on April 22, 1935. According to the terms of the contract, Lincoln was hired to prepare a master collection of photographs and negatives that Colonial Williamsburg could sell to tourists and residents of Williamsburg, as well as use for promotional purposes. Lincoln retained the right to sell copies of his photographs at his New York studio, provided he consulted with the Foundation regarding the proposed use of the photographs. He also retained title to all negatives and copyright for all photos until the termination of his business. Plans for a traveling exhibition of Lincoln's photographs of Williamsburg were also mentioned in the contract.3
During 1935, F.S. Lincoln traveled to Williamsburg at seasonal intervals to photograph views requested by the Foundation. A panel of Colonial Williamsburg employees reviewed each series of photos and selected a group to be added to the master collection. F.S. Lincoln photos illustrated two portfolios about Colonial Williamsburg published in the "Architectural Record" in December 1935 and November 1936. Full-page black and white photos of restored buildings and gardens accompanied articles on the restoration written by Kenneth Chorley, Fiske Kimball, William G. Perry, and Arthur Shurcliff. Thus, Lincoln's photos gave the American public their first introduction to the completed restoration.
Lincoln had also been hired by Colonial Williamsburg to create a group of photographs of Williamsburg that could be exhibited. Correspondence between staff members indicates that John D. Rockefeller, Jr. hoped to mount a traveling exhibit of Williamsburg photographs. An exhibit of a selection of Lincoln's views of Williamsburg, along with photos he took for "Harper's Bazaar," "House and Garden," "House Beautiful," "Vanity Fair," "National Geographic," and "Town and Country," was held at the Rabinovitch Gallery in New York City from October 4-17, 1935.
Although Foundation employees were satisfied with the quality of Lincoln's photographs, they were dismayed by the cost of individual prints and enlargements. Memos exchanged between members of the marketing staff indicate that employees were having a hard time convincing distributors to purchase enlargements of the Lincoln photos for display in shop windows. As a result, the Foundation's agreement with F.S. Lincoln was terminated on April 21, 1936.4
Despite this setback, F.S. Lincoln secured contracts for many other architectural photography projects in the 1930s. He received numerous commissions to photograph buildings in New York City and also traveled abroad on several assignments. In 1934, he completed a portfolio of photos of Mont St. Michel and in 1938 he toured the deep South and photographed examples of antebellum architecture. Lincoln's photos were widely published in the 1930s and 1940s in such magazines as "Architectural Record," "House Beautiful," "National Geographic," "Country Life," and "Architectural Forum." In addition, he published a book of his photographs in 1946 entitled "Charleston: Photographic Studies by F.S. Lincoln."5
F.S. Lincoln continued to operate a photography studio in New York City until 1965, when he retired and moved to Center Hall, Pennsylvania to live with his sister. He forwarded all of his negatives of Williamsburg buildings to the Foundation in 1972, along with a letter stating that “the copyright of the photographs has run out, so you are free to use them as desired.”6 Upon his death in 1976, the remainder of Lincoln's archive of prints and negatives, as well as some business papers, were donated to the Pennsylvania State University Archives.
Scope and Contents
The F.S. Lincoln collection consists of black and white negatives and prints taken by Mr. Lincoln in preparation for the publication of "The Restoration of Colonial Williamsburg in Virginia," a series of articles appearing in the December 1935 and November 1936 issues of "The Architectural Record." Both issues featured a portfolio of buildings and gardens in the newly restored historic area of Williamsburg.
In order to produce a large pool of photos for use in these portfolios, Mr. Lincoln created comprehensive visual documentation of the work completed during the initial phases of the restoration (1927-1935.) He photographed the exteriors and interiors of thirty restored buildings, including the exhibition buildings open to the public, such as the Governor's Palace, the Capitol, Raleigh Tavern, Bruton Parish Church, the Wren Building, and the Powder Magazine. In addition, he captured exterior views of some of the shops open on Merchant's Square and restored buildings adapted for public use, such as the Public Library. He also photographed many of the gardens and garden ornaments throughout the restored area.
The collection is organized into series by format. Series included in the collection are negatives; bound matted and signed prints; unbound matted and signed prints; and small albums. Within each format, items are organized according to the numbering system assigned by Mr. Lincoln. The first three digits of numbers assigned to the images correspond to a particular building or subject category. For example, all images of the Capitol have numbers beginning with 325 and all miscellaneous views have numbers beginning with 365. After these first three digits, Lincoln added a P for print and then a successive number for each view. For example, the first view of the Capitol is number 325P1. An “LC” prefix has been added to all image numbers by the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation to identify the images as coming from the Lincoln Collection.
Endnotes
1 Champagne, Anne, “Fay S. Lincoln Collection,” History of Photography 17, (Spring 1993): 127-128.
2 F.S. Lincoln to B.W. Norton, October 18, 1933. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives.
3 Agreement dated April 22, 1935 between Colonial Williamsburg, Inc. and F.S. Lincoln, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives.
4 Mr. Norton to Mr. Darling, February 22, 1937; Kenneth Chorley to F.S. Lincoln, April 6, 1937, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives.
5 Champagne, Anne, “Fay S. Lincoln Collection,” History of Photography 17 (Spring 1993): 128.
6 F.S. Lincoln to James R. Short, May 15, 1972, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin or collodian printing out paper with platinum toning, mounted on board.
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
8x10 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Courthouse, North Elevation
Subject
The topic of the resource
Courthouse (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 19. Building 3.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
View of the North elevation of the Courthouse of 1770 taken by F.S. Lincoln in 1935. One of the eighty-eight original structures at Colonial Williamsburg, the Courthouse stood on this site from 1770 onwards but underwent a number of minor modifications in the nineteenth century. It was restored to its colonial appearance and opened as an exhibition building in the early 1930s. The Restoration Archaeological Exhibit housed inside offered early museum visitors an opportunity to learn about eighteenth-century artifacts uncovered by archaeologists working at sites around the historic area.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Lincoln, F.S.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1935
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
1935
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
LC331P1
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Archaeology Museum
Benches
Chimneys
Cornices
Courthouse
Cupolas
Dentils
F.S. Lincoln
Hitching Posts
Market Square
Pediments
Round-headed Windows
Signboards
Signs
Stairs
Virginia
Weather Vanes
Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/5b58daabf69a8b2ac4d5134672399cec.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=o78r3%7EEtmzDxYMS%7E-hfKfT5FehCeNeNVge7EHKvFTdcTOh7yrXQSaoWG%7E6PTWIn3-SKYQ9FXfuQUINO1NOxBpWIWnYy8caP0Sx%7EIZqq9WdsNGP4HlOLGoonPkC4DTwTyA5HslA1E7rxDzBpn9a4R4cHS%7EmsIStCUWV1IsR19Lk6mIla1ErOWNqjNf9T1Bx5PNphp-AtbSjtyVv1FQTaFzuL9f1LKXqrk0-1W3efHKsRPO56tZhdl%7EPB1KUKVFJrlDGR0s4hcMYrkB6AxEmLjkw1C8%7EuSTFQkvsLeBDpN4ttRGgX1xp2aRj6fNhrf5biqfE6K5VZY6vK0irDh09MbeQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
d5b57cca652ac694eab32953631775bb
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
D.N. Davidson Photograph Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
Black and white photographs
Architectural photographs - 1920-1930
Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
In 1933, the Williamsburg Holding Corporation acquired a set of over one hundred photographs from Newport News photographer D.A. Davidson. Described in a January 3, 1933 letter by Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin as "...the most valuable photographs which we have...," it formed the nucleus of what would later become an extensive photo archive relating to Williamsburg's restoration. Taken in the Williamsburg, Virginia area, circa 1928, the images offer many pre-restoration views of the town just prior to the commencement of restoration work funded by John D. Rockefeller Jr. Many local businesses, residences, and even streets known to townspeople in the 1920s but demolished or relocated as part of the development of Colonial Williamsburg in the late 1920s and early 1930s are documented in Davidson's photographs. The collection also provides a visual record of the appearance of many of the surviving eighty-eight public and private buildings dating to the eighteenth-century.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1928
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
D.N. Davidson Photograph Collection
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Davidson, D.N.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Original Format
If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Gelatin silver print
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image.
8 x 10 inches
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Duke of Gloucester Street
Subject
The topic of the resource
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Streets - Virginia - Williamsburg
Lost architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Description
An account of the resource
Pre-restoration view of the Market Square area, Williamsburg, Virginia, looking west on Duke of Gloucester Street from England Street. Pictured on the left are the Peninsula Garage, Peninsula Bank and the U.S. Post Office. Beyond is the First National Bank building. On the far right of the photo are the Courthouse of 1770 and Roscow Cole House.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Davidson, D. N.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Circa 1928
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
Circa 1928
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
D. N. Davidson Photograph Collection, AV-2013.2, Box 1, Folder 5
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
jpeg
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Image
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
D-92
see also N3368
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Automobiles
Business Districts
Courthouse of 1770
D. N. Davidson
Duke of Gloucester Street
England Street
First National Bank of Williamsburg
Lost Architecture
Market Square
Peninsula Bank
Peninsula Garage
Post Office
Pre-Restoration
Roscow Cole House
Telephone Poles
Virginia
Williamsburg