Ludwell-Paradise Stable
Ludwell-Paradise House (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 18-1. Building 07.
Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Outbuildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Exterior of the Ludwell-Paradise Stable, viewed from Nicholson Street, 1933. A dovecote is visible in the gable-end roof of the stable, with holes for pigeons to roost in (though the holes have recently been covered over). The Cooper's Shop is now located in the Ludwell-Paradise Stable, where hogsheads, barrels, casks, buckets, and pails of all sizes are constructed.
The Ludwell-Paradise Stable is behind the Ludwell-Paradise House (not pictured here), one of the eighty-eight original eighteenth-century buildings at Colonial Williamsburg. The Ludwell-Paradise house played an important role in the museum's founding, as it was the first property purchased by John D. Rockefeller, Jr. in the early days of Williamsburg's restoration. Members of the Ludwell family resided here in the eighteenth century, and Lucy Ludwell Paradise, one of their more eccentric offspring, became a well-known socialite in both London and Virginia. She also became a namesake for this home that is a cornerstone of Williamsburg's restoration.
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1042
Governor's Palace, Entrance Gate
Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 20. Building 03A.
Historic Buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public Buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial – Virginia – Williamsburg
<p>Exterior of the Governor's Palace, looking out through the front gate at the arrival of a carriage and costumed interpreters, 1933. “The Governor’s Palace was an important element in [Williamsburg’s] great civic design. Sited at the end of a broad, imposing green, the governor’s residence terminated in the primary north-south axis of the town. The high visibility and symmetrical formality of this complex did much to reinforce the importance of the governorship in the eyes of Virginians.” Construction began on the Governor’s Palace in 1706 under Governor Edward Nott, and finished in 1722 under Governor Alexander Spotswood. In the early 1750s, Governor Robert Dinwiddie commissioned the construction of a Ballroom Wing addition behind the Palace.</p>
<p>(Source: Michael Olmert and Suzanne Coffman, <em>Official Guide to Colonial Williamsburg</em> [Williamsburg, VA: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 2007], 88-89).</p>
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1024
Brick Making (Clay Molds)
Block 41.
Brickmakers – Virginia – Williamsburg
Brickmaking – Virginia – Williamsburg
<p>View of a Colonial Brickyard Company workman filling brick molds with clay at the Todd and Brown Brickyard, located behind the Williamsburg Inn, 1933. Clay bricks were then removed from their brick molds (also known as clay molds) and set in the sun to dry. After a thorough drying process, bricks were fired in a brick kiln. This brickyard was set up as a temporary location for making bricks for use in the early historic restoration of Williamsburg. Today, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's colonial Brickyard is located on Nicholson Street, in the area behind the Peyton Randolph House and Cabinetmaker's Shop.</p>
<p>In the eighteenth century, "bricks used for buildings of the town were burned on or near the site and were laid in a coarse oyster-shell lime mortar. The gray-green glaze seen on some headers was imparted by burning the bricks in a kiln fired with oakwood. Only those bricks nearest the heat acquired the glazed surface. The use of bricks rubbed down to a smooth surface or to a molded profile was a favorite means of imparting finish to a building."</p>
<p>(Source: A. Lawrence Kocher and Howard Dearstyne, <em>Colonial Williamsburg: Its Buildings and Gardens</em>, rev. ed. [Williamsburg, Va.: Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 1961], 16).</p>
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1011
Brick Making (Pug Mill)
Block 41.
Brickmakers - Virginia - Williamsburg
Brickmaking - Virginia - Williamsburg
<p class="MsoListParagraph">View of Colonial Brickyard Company workmen filling brick molds with clay at the Todd and Brown Brickyard, located behind the Williamsburg Inn, 1933.<span> </span>In the colonial period, clay was mixed and made pliant for brickmaking by adding water to clay pits and treading on it by foot.<span> </span>During the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg, however, clay was mixed in a “pug mill,” an industrial technology that came into use by the mid-nineteenth century.<span> </span>The pug mill (pictured as the tall, square, wood-paneled box under the lean-to) was powered by a horse or mule. The animal was harnessed and tethered to a long wooden lever, which connected to a vertical shaft within the pug mill.<span> </span>As the animal circled around the mill, the rotation of the wooden lever turned the vertical shaft within the mill, which was outfitted with blades and served as a mixing paddle.<span> </span>The paddle stirred and mixed the clay, while workmen periodically added water to the mixture to keep it at the right consistency for packing into brick molds (also known as clay molds).<span> </span>Once packed into molds, the clay bricks were then removed and set in the sun to dry.<span> </span>After a thorough drying process, bricks were fired in a brick kiln and allowed to cool, after which time they were ready for use.<span> </span>This Todd and Brown Brickyard was set up in an open area behind the Williamsburg Inn, where bricks were fashioned for use for the early restoration and building of Williamsburg.<span> </span>Today, the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's colonial Brickyard is located on Nicholson Street, in the area behind the Peyton Randolph House and Cabinetmaker's Shop.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">In the eighteenth century, "bricks used for buildings of the town were burned on or near the site and were laid in a coarse oyster-shell lime mortar. The gray-green glaze seen on some headers was imparted by burning the bricks in a kiln fired with oakwood. Only those bricks nearest the heat acquired the glazed surface. The use of bricks rubbed down to a smooth surface or to a molded profile was a favorite means of imparting finish to a building."</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">(Source: <span> </span>A. Lawrence Kocher and Howard Dearstyne, <em>Colonial Williamsburg: Its Buildings and Gardens</em>, rev. ed. [Williamsburg, Va.: Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 1961], 16).</p>
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1008
Wren Triangle
Wren Building (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 16. Building 3.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
View of the Wren Triangle, College of William & Mary, taken by F.S. Lincoln in 1935. The Wren Building, one of the oldest academic structures in America, is flanked by the Brafferton on the left and the President's House on the right.
Lincoln, F.S.
1935
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LC330P1
Wren Building, East Elevation
Wren Building (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 16. Building 3.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Close-up view of East entrance of Wren Building, College of William & Mary, taken by F.S. Lincoln in 1935. Begun in 1695, the construction of the Wren Building marked the birth of an academic center in colonial Virginia. A series of fires in 1705, 1859, and 1862 damaged parts of the structure but never completely destroyed exterior walls
Lincoln, F.S.
1935
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LC329P23
Wren Building, East Elevation
Wren Building (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 16. Building 3.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
View of East elevation of the Wren Building, College of William & Mary, taken by F.S. Lincoln in 1935. Begun in 1695, the construction of the Wren Building marked the birth of an academic center in colonial Virginia. A series of fires in 1705, 1859, and 1862 damaged parts of the structure but never completely destroyed exterior walls
Lincoln, F.S.
1935
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LC329P20
Wren Building, East Elevation
Wren Building (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 16. Building 3.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Oblique view of the East elevation of the Wren Building at the College of William & Mary. Begun in 1695, the construction of the Wren Building marked the birth of an academic center in colonial Virginia. A series of fires in 1705, 1859, and 1862 damaged parts of the structure but never completely destroyed exterior walls.
Lincoln, F.S.
1935
This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a>
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LC329P18
Wren Building, Exterior
Wren Building (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 16. Building 3.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
View of the East elevation of the Wren Building at the College of William & Mary taken by F.S. Lincoln in 1935. The wheel and muzzle of a cannon in the foreground offers a unique perspective towards the statue of Lord Botetourt and the restored façade of one of the earliest academic structures in America.
Lincoln, F.S.
1935
This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a>
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LC329P14
Wren Building, Exterior
Wren Building (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 16. Building 3.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
View of the East elevation of the Wren Building at the College of William & Mary taken by F.S. Lincoln in 1935. The wheel of a cannon in the foreground offers a unique perspective towards the statue of Lord Botetourt and the restored façade of one of the earliest academic structures in America.
Lincoln, F.S.
1935
This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a>
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LC329P13
Wren Building, Exterior
Wren Building (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 16. Building 3.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
View of the East elevation of the Wren Building at the College of William & Mary taken by F.S. Lincoln in 1935. The wheel of a cannon in the foreground offers a unique perspective towards the statue of Lord Botetourt and the restored façade of one of the earliest academic structures in America.
Lincoln, F.S.
1935
This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a>
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LC329P12