Governor's Palace Supper Room, Williamsburg, Virginia
Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 20. Building 03.
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940
Interior of the Supper Room in the Governor's Palace, Williamsburg, Virginia, 1935. A Chinese wallpaper pattern is visible on the walls, though it has since been removed. Among the room's furnishings, an elegant marble-topped sideboard table (accession # 1930-196) stands against the wall to the left. A dining table and chairs, a settee, and side chairs complete the ensemble of furniture.
Interior furnishings and decor reflect curators' views in the 1930s as to how Williamsburg's historic interiors may have looked in the eighteenth century. Nevertheless, with the advance of new research findings over the years, the interiors of the Governor’s Palace have changed to reflect a more authentic and accurate view of the building’s likely contents and room arrangements
Circa 1930s
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HLS-142
Governor's Palace Gardens and Maze
Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 20. Building 03.
Gardens - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940
View looking from the maze across the formal garden towards the Ballroom Wing of the Governor's Palace, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1935.
Circa 1935
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HLS-117
Market Square Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia
Market Square Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 12. Building 13.
Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg
Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940
Exterior of Market Square Tavern, 1935. A welcoming glow from the windows of Market Square Tavern offered visitors to 1930s Colonial Williamsburg the ambience of stepping back in time. Constructed in 1749 by John Dixon, the tavern was extensively modified in the late nineteenth century and restored in the early 1930s. It has continuously provided accommodations for visitors to Williamsburg for several centuries.
Circa 1930s
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HLS-89
Raleigh Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia
Raleigh Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 17. Building 07A.
Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
Lantern Slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940
Exterior of the Raleigh Tavern, view looking northeast from across Duke of Gloucester Street, 1933. The Raleigh Tavern was the frequent scene of both jollity and consequence, and was "....the foremost of Williamsburg's taverns in the eighteenth century. Established about 1717, the Raleigh Tavern grew in size and reputation through the years. Letters, diaries, newspaper advertisements, and other records indicate that the Raleigh was one of the most important taverns in colonial Virginia. It served as a center for social, commercial, and political gatherings; small private and large public dinners; lectures and exhibitions; and auctions of merchandise, land, and the enslaved." Burned to the ground in 1859, the tavern was reconstructed from published illustrations, insurance policies, and archaeology that uncovered most of the original foundations.
(Source: Michael Olmert and Suzanne Coffman, Official Guide to Colonial Williamsburg [Williamsburg, VA: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 2007], 60).
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HLS-82
First Floor Plan : The Capitol
Capitol (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 08. Building 11.
Lantern slide featuring the floor plan of the first floor of the Capitol, Williamsburg, Virginia. It is the thirty-second slide in a set produced by the Pacific Stereopticon Co. of Los Angeles, California, now defunct, to illustrate the story of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin's dream to restore a portion of Williamsburg, Virginia to its 18th-century appearance as a shrine to early American ideals.
This plan features the ground floor layout of the Capitol with the General Court on one side and the House of Burgesses on the other. The two are connected by a an covered piazza and each has apsidal ends which give the south side of the building its distinctive curves. Office spaces for clerks and secretaries are located on the north side of the ground floor and have simpler squared ends.
Pacific Stereopticon Co.
ca. 1935
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PSC-032
Old Court House and Foundation of Old House of Burgesses
Courthouse (Williamsburg, Va.)
Capitol (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 19. Building 03.
Block 08. Building 11.
Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Historical markers - Virginia - Williamsburg
Postcard featuring the Courthouse and the site of the Capitol, Williamsburg, Va., authorized by an Act of Congress, May 19, 1898.
The captions read: "Foundation of Old House of Burgesses, Williamsburg" and "Old Court House, 1769, Williamsburg."
United States. Congress.
1898
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AV-2003-06-49-R
Magazine, View Looking Southwest
Powder Magazine (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 12. Building 09.
Powder Magazines - Virginia - Williamsburg
Historic Buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public Buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
Exterior of the Powder Magazine, looking southwest toward the building's entrance, 1933. Among Williamsburg's original eighteenth-century buildings, the octagonal Powder Magazine has taken on many different functions over time. Constructed in 1715 under the orders of Governor Spotswood, the Magazine was used as a secure storage site for arms, ammunition, and military equipment sent by Queen Anne for protection of the colony. The surrounding wall was added during the French and Indian War for added security.
The Magazine reprised its role during the Civil War, when Confederate soldiers again stored gunpowder inside. In the late nineteenth century, town residents repurposed the building for use as a market house, Baptist church, dancing school, and livery stable. Efforts by the A.P.V.A. to protect the historic structure led to its preservation as an early tourist attraction in Williamsburg prior to the birth of Colonial Williamsburg.
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1044
Governor's Palace Smokehouse and Laundry
Governor’s Palace (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 20. Building 03.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Gardens - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
Exterior view of the Smokehouse, Laundry, Salthouse, and Bagnio outbuildings flanking the Governor's Palace to the west, 1933. In the foreground is the Palace Smokehouse (depicted by a whitewashed wooden structure with a shingled roof), where meat was smoked for preservation purposes. Barely visible behind the Smokehouse is the Salthouse (also depicted as a whitewashed wooden structure with a shingled roof). The brick building visible to the left of the Smokehouse is the Palace Laundry, where the Palace's linens were washed. The small, tent-roofed, brick hexagonal structure beyond the Laundry is the Bagnio (bathhouse), once used by the Governor for bathing purposes. In the background, the Palace's facade, roof, and cupola are visible above the roofline of the outbuildings.
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1036
Governor's Palace Gardens, Bird's-Eye View of Boxwood Parterre
Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 20. Building 03.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Gardens - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
View of the formal gardens behind the Governor's Palace, flanking one side of the Ballroom Wing, 1933. These gardens, designed by Arthur Shurcliff, include boxwood parterres and one dozen large cylindrical shrubs known as the Twelve Apostles, a feature often appearing in eighteenth-century English gardens. Near the top-center of the photo, a pleached hornbeam arbor is visible. In the top-left corner, beyond the arbor, is a small tent-roofed structure built into the garden wall. This building served as a privy (necessary).
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1034
Governor's Palace North Facade Through Clairvoyee
Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 20. Building 03.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Gardens - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
Exterior view of the Governor's Palace Ballroom Wing and formal gardens, north facade, as seen through an elaborate clairvoyée (wrought-iron gate) behind the Palace, 1933. The Ballroom Wing of the Palace, featured in the background, was built as an addition during the 1750s by Governor Robert Dinwiddie. Above its rear doors, a painted carving of the royal coat of arms is mounted within a pedimented gable. The Palace's gardens, designed by Arthur Shurcliff, include boxwood parterres and one dozen large cylindrical shrubs known as the Twelve Apostles, a feature which often appeared in eighteenth-century English gardens.
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1033
Governor's Palace Gardens With Ballroom Entrance
Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 20. Building 03.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Gardens - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
Exterior view through a wrought-iron gate of the north facade of the Governor's Palace Ballroom Wing and formal gardens, 1933. In the background stands the Ballroom Wing, an addition constructed during the early 1750s by Governor Robert Dinwiddie, and the royal arms are visible in the pedimented gable above the wing's rear entrance. The Palace's gardens, designed by Arthur Shurcliff, include boxwood parterres and one dozen large cylindrical shrubs known as the Twelve Apostles, a feature often appearing in eighteenth-century English gardens.
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1030
Governor's Palace and Gardens, View Looking Southeast
Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 20. Building 03.
Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Gardens - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
Exterior view of the north and west facades of the Governor's Palace and formal gardens, looking southeast from the pleached hornbeam arbor behind the Palace, 1933. In the background stands the ballroom wing, an addition constructed during the 1750s, and the royal arms are featured in its pedimented gable. The Palace's gardens, designed by Arthur Shurcliff, include boxwood parterres and one dozen large cylindrical shrubs known as the Twelve Apostles, a feature often appearing in eighteenth-century English gardens.
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1028
Governor's Palace, West Advance Building
Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 20. Building 03A.
Historic Buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public Buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial – Virginia – Williamsburg
<p class="MsoNormal">Exterior of the western Advance Building of the Governor's Palace, 1933.<span> </span>Reconstructed between March 1932 and April 1934, the western Advance Building likely served varying functions over time. According to architectural historian Ed Chappel (the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Shirley and Richard Roberts Director of Architectural and Archaeological Research), the structure probably served originally as a kitchen in the Palace's early years. Based on archaeological evidence found in the western Advance Building's original eighteenth-century foundations, the hearth was found to be of a larger size, which would correspond to the functional needs of a kitchen. Today, the location of the present-day Palace Kitchen correlates closely with the site of what may have been a later eighteenth-century kitchen outbuilding within the Palace complex.<span> <br /></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Historical documentation also suggests, however, that the building may have been repurposed later as a guardhouse. “In July 1730 the Governor’s House was reported as being ‘very inconvenient for want of a covered way from the offices into the House’ and ‘a Sum not exceeding one Hundred Pounds’ was appropriated ‘for Building a Covered Way from the Offices belonging to the Governor’s House into the said House.”<span> </span>In 1745, historian Henry Howe apparently referred to the Palace’s Advance Buildings as “’…two small brick structures, the remains of the Palace…that on the right was the office, and the one on the left the guard house.’”<span> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">(Sources: A. Lawrence Kocher and Thomas T. Waterman, “Governor’s Palace Advance Outbuildings: Block 20, Buildings 3B & 3C Architectural Report,” [Williamsburg, Va.: Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 1952], 6-7; Ed Chappel, in-person communication in Special Collections Dept., John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, 11 April 2014, Williamsburg, Va.).</p>
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1027
Governor's Palace, Entrance Gate
Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 20. Building 03A.
Historic Buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public Buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial – Virginia – Williamsburg
<p>Exterior of the Governor's Palace, looking out through the front gate at the arrival of a carriage and costumed interpreters, 1933. “The Governor’s Palace was an important element in [Williamsburg’s] great civic design. Sited at the end of a broad, imposing green, the governor’s residence terminated in the primary north-south axis of the town. The high visibility and symmetrical formality of this complex did much to reinforce the importance of the governorship in the eyes of Virginians.” Construction began on the Governor’s Palace in 1706 under Governor Edward Nott, and finished in 1722 under Governor Alexander Spotswood. In the early 1750s, Governor Robert Dinwiddie commissioned the construction of a Ballroom Wing addition behind the Palace.</p>
<p>(Source: Michael Olmert and Suzanne Coffman, <em>Official Guide to Colonial Williamsburg</em> [Williamsburg, VA: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 2007], 88-89).</p>
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1024
Governor's Palace, View Looking Northeast
Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 20. Building 03A.
Historic Buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Public Buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
<p>Exterior of Governor's Palace, looking to the northeast from the Robert Carter house, 1933. “The Governor’s Palace was an important element in [Williamsburg’s] great civic design. Sited at the end of a broad, imposing green, the governor’s residence terminated in the primary north-south axis of the town. The high visibility and symmetrical formality of this complex did much to reinforce the importance of the governorship in the eyes of Virginians.” Construction began on the Governor’s Palace in 1706 under Governor Edward Nott, and finished in 1722 under Governor Alexander Spotswood. In the early 1750s, Governor Robert Dinwiddie commissioned the construction of a Ballroom Wing addition behind the Palace.</p>
<p>The Robert Carter House (out of view, but whose front yard is pictured here) is one of the original eighty-eight buildings at Colonial Williamsburg. It served as the gentry-class townhouse residence of various members of the Carter family throughout the eighteenth century, beginning with Charles Carter, the son of Robert "King" Carter, and ending with Robert Carter III of Nomini Hall. Governor Dinwiddie also briefly resided in the house during the renovations of the Governor's Palace between 1751 and 1752. </p>
<p>(Source: Michael Olmert and Suzanne Coffman, <em>Official Guide to Colonial Williamsburg</em> [Williamsburg, VA: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 2007], 88-89).</p>
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1022
Gaol and Pillory
Public Gaol (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 27. Building 02.
Historic buildings -- Virginia -- Williamsburg
Public buildings -- Virginia -- Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg
<p>Exterior view of the Public Gaol and pillory, 1933. Opened as an exhibition building in April 1936, the Public Gaol is one of eighty-eight original buildings in the Historic Area that have been restored to their eighteenth-century appearance. "In its present form, the Public Gaol has three rooms on the first floor -- a hall and chamber for the gaoler and his family and a cell at the rear for debtors -- and 'chambers' in the attic for the gaoler's use and the confinement of prisoners."</p>
<p>The pillory - "or 'stretch-neck,' called 'the essence of punishment' in England - stood in the main squares of towns up and down the colonies. An upright board, hinged or divided in half with a hole in which the head was set fast, it usually also had two openings for the hands. Often the ears of the subject were nailed to the wood on either side of the head hole."</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">(Sources: on the Public Gaol, see Michael Olmert and Suzanne Coffman, <em>Official Guide to Colonial Williamsburg</em> [Williamsburg, VA: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 2007], 74; on the pillory, see Colonial Williamsburg Foundation website, "Bilboes, Brands, and Branks: Colonial Crimes and Punishments," <em>Colonial Williamsburg Journal </em>(Spring 2003) <http://www.history.org/Foundation/journal/spring03/branks.cfm> (accessed 14 March 2014).<em> </em></p>
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Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1019
Gaol, North Facade
Public Gaol (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 27. Building 02.
Historic buildings -- Virginia -- Williamsburg
Public buildings -- Virginia -- Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial -- Virginia -- Williamsburg
<p>Exterior view of the Public Gaol, north façade, 1933. Opened as an exhibition building in April 1936, the Public Gaol is one of eighty-eight original buildings in the Historic Area that have been restored to their eighteenth-century appearance. "In its present form, the Public Gaol has three rooms on the first floor -- a hall and chamber for the gaoler and his family and a cell at the rear for debtors -- and 'chambers' in the attic for the gaoler's use and the confinement of prisoners."</p>
<p>(Source: Michael Olmert and Suzanne Coffman, <em>Official Guide to Colonial Williamsburg</em> [Williamsburg, VA: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 2007], 74).</p>
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1019
Capitol (South Facade)
Capitol Building (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 08. Building 11.
Historic buildings -- Virginia -- Williamsburg
Public buildings -- Virginia -- Williamsburg
Architecture, Colonial -- Virginia -- Williamsburg
<p>Exterior of the Capitol building, south facade, viewed from the southwest, 1933. The brick wall and southern entry gate are in the foreground, and in the background, the royal coat of arms is visible on the cupola above the entrance to the building. (Completed during the reign of Queen Anne, the building’s original cupola displayed the ruler’s coat of arms). The Union Jack is unfurled atop the cupola, where it flaps in the breeze. Above the central arch, a crest is featured in cut brick bearing the inscription "Her Majesty Queen Anne Her Royall Capitol," including cut-brick carvings of the sun, moon, and the planet Jupiter.</p>
<p>The rounded apsidal ends of the Capitol derive from Roman basilicas which contained such features in which public magistrates officiated. "The H-shaped plan of the Capitol reflects the division of the government between the lower and upper houses of the legislature....As the General Assembly evolved, it comprised the Council [meeting in the west wing, to the left] and the House of Burgesses [in the east wing, to the right], each of which met separately."</p>
<p>(Source: Michael Olmert and Suzanne Coffman, <em>Official Guide to Colonial Williamsburg</em> [Williamsburg, VA: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 2007], 68).</p>
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1012
Botetourt Statue
Block 16. Building 3.
Botetourt, Norborne Berkeley, Baron de, approximately 1718-1770 - Statues - Virginia - Williamsburg
Sculpture - Virginia - Williamsburg
Wren Building (Williamsburg, Va.)
View of the statue of Lord Botetourt, in front of the east elevation of the Wren Building, College of William and Mary, 1933. "A unique historical monument, the Botetourt statue commemorates a popular governor of the colony of Virginia, Norborne Berkeley, Baron de Botetourt. Born in England in 1717 into a family which had already furnished the colony with one governor (Sir William Berkeley), Lord Botetourt was appointed Governor-General in August of 1768."
The statue of Lord Botetourt serves as a focal point on the path leading towards the Wren Building, whose features are thought to be based upon an adaptation of a Sir Christopher Wren design. Due to preservation concerns, the statue has since been moved to an indoor location. The Wren Building is one of the oldest academic structures in the United States, and retains a large portion of its original outside walls, despite being damaged by several fires in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
(Source: Special Collections Research Center web page, "Lord Botetourt," The College of William and Mary's Earl Gregg Swem Library/Special Collections Research Center, 9 December 2013, <http://scdb.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Lord_Botetourt> [accessed 12 March 2014]).
Shaw, Thomas Mott
1933
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D2008-COPY-1014-1005
Powder Horn
Powder Magazine (Williamsburg, Va.)
Block 12. Building 09.
Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg
Powder magazines - Virginia - Williamsburg
Recto and verso of a postcard featuring a view of the Powder Magazine soon after its initial restoration by the APVA. Published by Louis Kaufmann & Sons, the card offers a perspective looking south towards Francis Street..
The octagonal Powder Magazine is an original eighteenth-century structure and has taken on many different functions over time. Constructed in 1715 under the orders of Governor Spotswood, the Magazine first served as a secure storage site for arms, ammunition, and military equipment. It reprised this role during the Civil War, when Confederate soldiers again stored gunpowder inside. In the late nineteenth century, town residents re-purposed the building for use as a Baptist meetinghouse, dancing school, market, and stable. Efforts by the A.P.V.A. to protect the historic structure led to its preservation as an early tourist attraction in Williamsburg prior to the birth of Colonial Williamsburg.
Louis Kaufmann & Sons
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AV-2003-06-66-R
AV-2003-06-66-V