1 20 87 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/8026c95beb35fda9a5a7f5654b56cf33.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=OG3n741sgPSfQ4uPNsWrD-ggtKKyavdB58nI6nIb3dUXVp0tzaVuaDCnD9c6qfLUJpZ1T6pNywigUnzH9kCKjsL1N8u1vaIAxBBCfg%7ETro48mNPx7um6V%7EAW-7batsO6AIPeWN3hDD7Uy5SiE32CKBAOcHE74wVnRx8Jt1odtedibjMHwfORGLSUWSH4JHrv30Wttc7NeMtbxa273iMUg9KGVbcp98gVCZFxTp2aDe1JihB-nAltXFaeuwBHJVPFUrkQmwOTtmRv2-RqdEQwgpncHnZihd45fQhT3P2oI9bBtylmo6LwITv7lYSLTJnYIO6hKWd2OCTUa4Ltea6AfQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 7f08ed0262ce8981b2a65f008b70ff95 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slide Collection Subject The topic of the resource Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Hornbeck, Peter - 1936-1998 Williamsburg (Va.)--History. Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Mr. Peter Hornbeck, a renowned Landscape Architect and Harvard professor, assembled this collection of lantern slides produced between the late 1930s and early 1940s. A graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and the Harvard Graduate School of Design, Peter Hornbeck managed the landscape architecture firm of Hornbeck Associates in North Andover, Massachusetts during the 1950s. He became a faculty member of the Harvard Graduate School of Design in 1963 and taught courses focusing upon historic landscape preservation and city planning.. These lantern slides served as visual aids during lectures he gave about the Williamsburg Restoration and eighteenth-century garden history. The lantern slides encompass a variety of images of Williamsburg available commercially from A.D. Handy, F.S. Lincoln, Eldredge Studio, and the National Geographic Society. They also include some images of historic homes and gardens in other parts of Virginia and in Great Britain. This collection is significant as a record of how landscape architects were interpreting and presenting eighteenth-century garden history during the 1930s and 1940s. It also provides a visual record of Williamsburg buildings and gardens before, during, and after the restoration work undertaken in the early 1930s. In addition, the collection documents how the Williamsburg Restoration publicized its work through commercial slide sets. For example, Mr. F.S. Lincoln, a New York photographer hired to compile a photographic portfolio of restored Williamsburg buildings for a special issue of the "Architectural Record" in 1935, also created colorized lantern slides of his photos for sale in Williamsburg shops. The Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slide Collection contains numerous examples of these early souvenir images. A precursor of 35mm slides, lantern slides are large format positive transparencies, usually 3.25 x 4 inches, sandwiched between two pieces of glass. Many were hand-colored. A projector allowed the slides to be viewed on a wall or screen. Instead of automatically advancing from one slide to the next, the lantern slides had to be manually placed into a slot on the projector. Invented in 1848, lantern slides evolved from those associated with magic lanterns in the late nineteenth-century to the format represented in this collection. Between 1848-1870, oil lamps served as the light source for magic lantern projectors. By the 1890s, the carbon arc lamp offered a better lighting method. The introduction of electricity in the twentieth-century allowed the projection of lantern slides to become common in schools and universities. Lantern slides became obsolete in the 1950s when the Kodachrome three-color process brought about the introduction of 35mm slides. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Lantern Slide Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 3.25 x 4 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Market Square Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slides Collection, AV-2000.9, Box 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HLS-89 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Subject The topic of the resource Market Square Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 12. Building 13. Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Description An account of the resource Exterior of Market Square Tavern, 1935. A welcoming glow from the windows of Market Square Tavern offered visitors to 1930s Colonial Williamsburg the ambience of stepping back in time. Constructed in 1749 by John Dixon, the tavern was extensively modified in the late nineteenth century and restored in the early 1930s. It has continuously provided accommodations for visitors to Williamsburg for several centuries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Circa 1930s Chimneys Cornices Dentils Dormer Windows Dormers Glass Transparencies Hitching Posts Inns Lantern Slides Market Square Tavern Peter Hornbeck Porches Public Buildings Shutters Stairs Taverns Virginia Weatherboarding Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/92458a6b2a73eb7ae761870fa9337f35.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=vQAcTDuPLTqQ9Xp1%7E5jaL-kuFIxZdgeGkdWwEktF5XqHB34eN0Ypg-3l82T9MstfZgb4TWhw2kUvIK-tdb8Ud1e-fZfxL4K5dXPpQ7ozQGL1QE%7EOai6MWNsN1w-LyNZvphOQ5YYhYc3D-S6lI8avxw9edRNk1tLaE5pDRY-o4IKQq0GpmTgwLrHICd7-nKr7TZRL6kUNhflC-GOY3mi3Oih5c3ayJn9d1YIVjc55IWJYSeg%7E8bBSwcH5l-2V-3-HtAKrMwskfAzNUTczHN5M-BWKxxjY3cSYQtkZPnRkVpXCYQqdnAScXAhVT9CQlw3Uzvy-3MtjUfN4jAPrj3nEfg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 0c947cab2caf1d472eace94f0ca3ac3d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slide Collection Subject The topic of the resource Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Hornbeck, Peter - 1936-1998 Williamsburg (Va.)--History. Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Mr. Peter Hornbeck, a renowned Landscape Architect and Harvard professor, assembled this collection of lantern slides produced between the late 1930s and early 1940s. A graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and the Harvard Graduate School of Design, Peter Hornbeck managed the landscape architecture firm of Hornbeck Associates in North Andover, Massachusetts during the 1950s. He became a faculty member of the Harvard Graduate School of Design in 1963 and taught courses focusing upon historic landscape preservation and city planning.. These lantern slides served as visual aids during lectures he gave about the Williamsburg Restoration and eighteenth-century garden history. The lantern slides encompass a variety of images of Williamsburg available commercially from A.D. Handy, F.S. Lincoln, Eldredge Studio, and the National Geographic Society. They also include some images of historic homes and gardens in other parts of Virginia and in Great Britain. This collection is significant as a record of how landscape architects were interpreting and presenting eighteenth-century garden history during the 1930s and 1940s. It also provides a visual record of Williamsburg buildings and gardens before, during, and after the restoration work undertaken in the early 1930s. In addition, the collection documents how the Williamsburg Restoration publicized its work through commercial slide sets. For example, Mr. F.S. Lincoln, a New York photographer hired to compile a photographic portfolio of restored Williamsburg buildings for a special issue of the "Architectural Record" in 1935, also created colorized lantern slides of his photos for sale in Williamsburg shops. The Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slide Collection contains numerous examples of these early souvenir images. A precursor of 35mm slides, lantern slides are large format positive transparencies, usually 3.25 x 4 inches, sandwiched between two pieces of glass. Many were hand-colored. A projector allowed the slides to be viewed on a wall or screen. Instead of automatically advancing from one slide to the next, the lantern slides had to be manually placed into a slot on the projector. Invented in 1848, lantern slides evolved from those associated with magic lanterns in the late nineteenth-century to the format represented in this collection. Between 1848-1870, oil lamps served as the light source for magic lantern projectors. By the 1890s, the carbon arc lamp offered a better lighting method. The introduction of electricity in the twentieth-century allowed the projection of lantern slides to become common in schools and universities. Lantern slides became obsolete in the 1950s when the Kodachrome three-color process brought about the introduction of 35mm slides. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Lantern Slide Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 3.25 x 4 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Market Square Tavern, Williamsburg, Va. Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slides Collection, AV-2000.9, Box 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HLS-88 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Subject The topic of the resource Market Square Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 12. Building 13. Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Stores, Retail - Virginia - Williamsburg Lantern Slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Description An account of the resource Pre-restoration view of Market Square Tavern showing a number of the nineteenth-century additions to the structure that were later removed during its restoration in the early 1930s. They include the open and screened porches along the front and the full second story eliminating the pitched roof and dormer windows of the colonial structure. A retail store visible on the right side is another example of a nineteenth-century modification. During the tavern's restoration between 1931 and 1932, it was returned to its original form as a story and a half gable end building attached to the main tavern. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Circa 1928 Automobiles Chimneys Duke of Gloucester Street Glass Transparencies Inns Lantern Slides Market Square Tavern Peter Hornbeck Porches Pre-Restoration Retail Stores Screened Porches Street Scenes Taverns Virginia Weatherboarding Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/17bbb96a4a5e4d18ece888faf4afe4e4.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=VMd9MIcmdpxEOzIkdwVEgC2OWatMfAeMcaBxdnyZbcq95W53TQP6UOU%7ESj3LoQHy64Jal1pKCLFFtvlW8OFg9PobGmICZ4LteUV%7EXMgwHHb0tNNZvC2T9GOtnxR2sVYH91fDXCpZNtFHuTBV-nOfdZ7%7EVx%7ENFO79FUuTz9MUPOIdm5ha4cObVa0JsnLyONGaayqND8nRiYU6D8FS46bPa8GVI0p6PIGzBTj9zKt8C0bPVB%7EAqTm28iSEImUBMPAP9bQte8A-22wPhvb9fQH-D50qfoKplJeIBYcPf1SHo8sCMYhXKh4GJIN0JaCPPGx21Xi5UjKqDrveS25b%7Ebzx8A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM e3946e9c37e842b7a4fce7dab7272325 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slide Collection Subject The topic of the resource Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Hornbeck, Peter - 1936-1998 Williamsburg (Va.)--History. Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Mr. Peter Hornbeck, a renowned Landscape Architect and Harvard professor, assembled this collection of lantern slides produced between the late 1930s and early 1940s. A graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and the Harvard Graduate School of Design, Peter Hornbeck managed the landscape architecture firm of Hornbeck Associates in North Andover, Massachusetts during the 1950s. He became a faculty member of the Harvard Graduate School of Design in 1963 and taught courses focusing upon historic landscape preservation and city planning.. These lantern slides served as visual aids during lectures he gave about the Williamsburg Restoration and eighteenth-century garden history. The lantern slides encompass a variety of images of Williamsburg available commercially from A.D. Handy, F.S. Lincoln, Eldredge Studio, and the National Geographic Society. They also include some images of historic homes and gardens in other parts of Virginia and in Great Britain. This collection is significant as a record of how landscape architects were interpreting and presenting eighteenth-century garden history during the 1930s and 1940s. It also provides a visual record of Williamsburg buildings and gardens before, during, and after the restoration work undertaken in the early 1930s. In addition, the collection documents how the Williamsburg Restoration publicized its work through commercial slide sets. For example, Mr. F.S. Lincoln, a New York photographer hired to compile a photographic portfolio of restored Williamsburg buildings for a special issue of the "Architectural Record" in 1935, also created colorized lantern slides of his photos for sale in Williamsburg shops. The Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slide Collection contains numerous examples of these early souvenir images. A precursor of 35mm slides, lantern slides are large format positive transparencies, usually 3.25 x 4 inches, sandwiched between two pieces of glass. Many were hand-colored. A projector allowed the slides to be viewed on a wall or screen. Instead of automatically advancing from one slide to the next, the lantern slides had to be manually placed into a slot on the projector. Invented in 1848, lantern slides evolved from those associated with magic lanterns in the late nineteenth-century to the format represented in this collection. Between 1848-1870, oil lamps served as the light source for magic lantern projectors. By the 1890s, the carbon arc lamp offered a better lighting method. The introduction of electricity in the twentieth-century allowed the projection of lantern slides to become common in schools and universities. Lantern slides became obsolete in the 1950s when the Kodachrome three-color process brought about the introduction of 35mm slides. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Lantern Slide Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 3.25 x 4 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slides Collection, AV-2000.9, Box 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HLS-82 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Title A name given to the resource Raleigh Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia Subject The topic of the resource Raleigh Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 17. Building 07A. Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg Lantern Slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Description An account of the resource Exterior of the Raleigh Tavern, view looking northeast from across Duke of Gloucester Street, 1933. The Raleigh Tavern was the frequent scene of both jollity and consequence, and was "....the foremost of Williamsburg's taverns in the eighteenth century. Established about 1717, the Raleigh Tavern grew in size and reputation through the years. Letters, diaries, newspaper advertisements, and other records indicate that the Raleigh was one of the most important taverns in colonial Virginia. It served as a center for social, commercial, and political gatherings; small private and large public dinners; lectures and exhibitions; and auctions of merchandise, land, and the enslaved." Burned to the ground in 1859, the tavern was reconstructed from published illustrations, insurance policies, and archaeology that uncovered most of the original foundations. (Source: Michael Olmert and Suzanne Coffman, Official Guide to Colonial Williamsburg [Williamsburg, VA: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 2007], 60). Chimneys Colonial Architecture Dormer Windows Dormers Glass Transparencies Hipped Roofs Hitching Posts Inns Lantern Slides Ordinaries Peter Hornbeck Public Buildings Raleigh Tavern Taverns Transoms Virginia Weatherboarding Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/9b4968e6ad8d3bf7bf05546bc0cf7505.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=dC9cLRh5KAbZgS0YitjillpCOb2TdaLKEz%7EteEnKWLiuZMr19Dy9PycXqqH7nzN6AozER%7ErLRuU0lO-hJL0F0Qcuo2I57BhDhbODvRyv%7EmR4TKQZVADiMSj2x5PYd-ukjPKstyfOD2Qm2D9IHszfTJqLeD6KMfabU-2f4vH8%7E4X8%7ENlhbe4XTInx3Aklu2j-sA40JFTR5nUTq1BinZNNvFc-KdNs9AWlQSSRptCYZ3l3YwoLdbQHEgwHonqy0oPWpozLxcVuPoYcW0DEd5Ngd0QSoGkjKA7Wspr4PKTOIdw58SZ2%7Eb2PxbwJdTSW67P1wt%7E7muMCrWaArUnQz1LhCg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 053c4b6cf58716ca406f9e08bb2d3fe4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Todd and Brown Inc. Photograph Collection Subject The topic of the resource Todd and Brown Inc., New York Todd, Webster B. Brown, J.O. Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg - 1930-1939 Williamsburg (Va.) - Photographs Williamsburg (Va.) - Buildings, structures, etc. Description An account of the resource Todd and Brown, Incorporated, a subsidiary firm of Todd, Robertson and Todd Engineering Corporation, headquartered in New York City, entered into a contract with the Williamsburg Holding Corporation on June 6, 1928. The engineers and contractors carried out work as directed by the architects and landscape architects on the reconstruction and restoration of historic structures and gardens in Williamsburg, Virginia. Mr. Webster B. Todd and Mr. J.O. Brown served as the principals of Todd and Brown, Incorporated. They appointed Robert Trimble to head the firm's Williamsburg office. Between 1928 and 1934, the Williamsburg crew undertook many different construction tasks in support of the museum's development and the relocation of the town's business district to Merchants Square. The Williamsburg office closed in 1934, when Williamsburg Restoration Inc. established its own Construction and Maintenance Department. However, the firm continued to be involved in a supervisory capacity with the building of the Williamsburg Inn from 1936 to 1938. The Todd and Brown Inc. Photograph Collection, AV2010.3, encompasses over eight hundred negatives and their corresponding photographic prints housed in an album. Systematic examination of the town and extensive planning occurred before the contractors began their assignment to demolish or move buildings not dating to the colonial era. Each photograph they took served a documentary purpose of recording a colonial structure, modern dwelling, business, church, municipal building, or outbuilding as it appeared prior to any work proceeding at a site. The collection is thus a significant archive of the many homes, grocery stores, general stores, gas stations, barber shops, banks, and offices that once stretched up and down Duke of Gloucester Street. It also offers many pre-restoration views of eighteenth-century buildings that had undergone modifications by later residents. A selection of images offers views of early progress on the reconstruction of such public buildings as the Capitol and Raleigh Tavern. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Todd and Brown Inc., New York Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Gelatin silver print Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 2.5 x 4 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Market Square Tavern Subject The topic of the resource Market Square Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 12. Building 13. Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Market Square Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Todd and Brown Inc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1932 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Todd and Brown Inc. Photograph Collection, AV2010.3, Box 1 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context TB314 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Chimneys Clapboard Siding Dormers Market Square Tavern Porches Shutters Taverns Todd and Brown Inc. Virginia Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/631c9e6cb2d1c4a3645be63bc983c357.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=JgmDDPcd9d64iYSlGbjqcI9y65BK3SZ3hQkYNf5PwcfoLId4sTHr9Oum%7EVqcoq0ZW8je%7E7hOpyUuahTD5j4VFbtxsSB4MVwcE9-s57fmBszUE2Skq5od71Afx1Cnh-0ZNd5mLQbTOEwE51g2w1GO0q3YgFfFYHpGNB0xIwqXsZBSbXVudD3m6bN22ZYBWrsgacOzVUBKX40%7EFmRr2A74hLgjJETYO9qB4zCfYmD6HMS9XpxEOzvZEEC6W9NJnRqY4wKAvOWsLnVb5BqGepWZvlKkfcrBEI5uKlRlSfdxffpdSbkmj7CJmllmWwwYKGWrcZW6B2-T1TCOuClgtxfDtw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 745a775423e80b12583f51f0cd92a85a Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1022 IPTC Array a:5:{s:7:"caption";s:157:"Recto of postcard depicting a dining room in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 3.";s:14:"caption_writer";s:15:"Marianne Martin";s:11:"object_name";s:17:"AV-2001-R-09-03-R";s:7:"keyword";s:66:"Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Dining Rooms, Postcards";s:16:"copyright_notice";s:91:"Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation";} IPTC String caption:Recto of postcard depicting a dining room in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 3. caption_writer:Marianne Martin object_name:AV-2001-R-09-03-R keyword:Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Dining Rooms, Postcards copyright_notice:Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Width 1590 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/9709540c3cb626ddfa8f9914d7652817.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=Nnbz5uZivOuhhitCAgFDIGZtCEqNt3QoMf4TskNvyagFQrxLsFDV08qIJZJNWL6yLBBOkYHISKb0crBfzUUoEJj6Ww7O4SVpH0Q36EDQKTrcqJ7n4h2JgT4hrHqmn4YnmZsIhITSrkbGp%7EJ5loMaNJ43jd2WR-y5RUzQCrOzXMG-bXNkPzqyBNdTsZQ-VJLjDW7gKmEs1Wuvpi80Ymbx0ebmaVx4E-pcfxM0%7EQD3OY89u87E8xPtkrgUyAB9pl3aosmj46U4YytejLAG%7EXtfbKNoWp9rqKK6e16vGK6jWI0lSTydlMKnbVOSEGAbhIm6YwSYjuSmFs-mUUcW7h3CLQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM b24081acf8eac55977bbc8b9f92a0bd0 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1029 IPTC Array a:5:{s:7:"caption";s:157:"Verso of postcard depicting a dining room in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 3.";s:14:"caption_writer";s:15:"Marianne Martin";s:11:"object_name";s:15:"AV-2001-09-03-V";s:7:"keyword";s:66:"Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Dining Rooms, Postcards";s:16:"copyright_notice";s:91:"Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation";} IPTC String caption:Verso of postcard depicting a dining room in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 3. caption_writer:Marianne Martin object_name:AV-2001-09-03-V keyword:Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Dining Rooms, Postcards copyright_notice:Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Width 1629 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Selections from the Postcard Collection Description An account of the resource The Postcard Collection housed at the John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library consists of postcards of Williamsburg and surrounding areas dating from the late 19th-century to the present. It includes examples of early postcards of the town prior to its restoration by John D. Rockefeller Jr. In addition, it encompasses many examples of official postcards produced by Colonial Williamsburg for tourists. A smaller number of postcards of neighboring historic sites, such as Jamestown and Yorktown, are also present. The selections included here are primarily vintage postcards of Colonial Williamsburg and surrounding tourist attractions ranging in date from 1898 to the 1950s. Early cards in the collection illustrate a range of common postcard types and reproduction techniques. The history of the postcard's development as a souvenir, as well as the growth of tourism in Williamsburg, can be traced via Colonial Williamsburg's Postcard Collection. During what is known as the Pioneer Era from 1870-1898, the first form of postcard, featuring an illustration on one side and an undivided back on the other, did not allow the sender to include a note, unless it was written across a portion of the image on the front. The majority of pioneering postcard formats served as advertisements up until the 1893 Columbia Exposition, when postcards first appeared as souvenirs for Exposition visitors to purchase. The Private Mailing Card Era from 1898-1901 is characterized by cards printed with the notice "Private Mailing Card Authorized by Act of Congress on May 19, 1898." Backs of the cards remained undivided and purchasers could mail the cards for a cost of one cent. Several examples of postcards from this era are present in the collection. They include some of the earliest instances of souvenir cards created to promote Williamsburg historic sites, such as the Courthouse, Bruton Parish Church, the Powder Magazine, and the Capitol site. European rather than American printers created many of these postcards due to their superb skills. Chromo-lithograph cards of this era exhibit extremely rich colors. By the time the Jamestown Exposition took place in 1907, postcard production had entered the Divided Back Era, which continued until 1915. Modified postcard backs offered a segment on the left side for senders to pen a brief message. Production of cards gradually shifted to more American printers. The Jamestown Exposition provided a strong impetus for promotion of other historic sites that attendees might also stop at along the way. A series of postcards commemorating Williamsburg area historic sites in conjunction with the 1907 celebration are excellent examples of very early divided back cards. The Early Modern Era between 1916-1930 led to an increase in production of souvenir cards relating to the Williamsburg area. One type of format popular in this period is the "White Border Card" characterized by a view surrounded with a white border. Real photo cards also began to appear that featured photographs, rather than prints, of local surroundings. In the era before Colonial Williamsburg operated official gift shops, tourists counted on the Cole News Shop as their source for maps, postcards, travel guides, and souvenirs. Mr. Henry Dennison Cole served as the proprietor. His business stood on the site of the present day Taliaferro-Cole Shop. He produced his own postcards of historic sites in the area being restored by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities and other groups of preservation minded citizens. Several examples of cards published by the Cole Shop can be found in the collection and offer a glimpse of attractions popular with early 20th-century tourists, such as the old Masonic Hall and Custis Kitchen. Once Colonial Williamsburg opened a core group of exhibition buildings to the public in the early 1930s, a new era dawned in which the museum began production of official postcards as souvenirs for visitors. Photographs by F.S. Lincoln, an architectural photographer hired on a contract basis in 1935 to take some of the first promotional photos of Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, appeared on a number of real photo postcards issued in the late 1930s. Both examples of postcards bearing his photos, as well as his actual photograph collection, reside at the Rockefeller Library. The Albertype Company of Brooklyn, New York, produced one of the earliest official postcard series highlighting Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, costumed interpreters, Williamsburg Inn and Lodge, and Merchants Square. In addition to holding numerous examples of Albertype cards, the Rockefeller Library also houses the corresponding photographic prints used to generate the postcards. Albertype cards are characterized by sepia toned images that show exterior and interior views of exhibition buildings, as well as some of the earliest scenes of African Americans in costume demonstrating colonial cooking techniques. For further information about Williamsburg postcards, please consult: Preacher, Kristopher J. "Williamsburg in Vintage Postcards." Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, 2002. Reisweber, Kurt. "Williamsburg in Old Post Cards." Colonial Williamsburg XXI, No.2, (June/July 1999): 52-57. Subject The topic of the resource Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg Souvenirs (Keepsakes) - Virginia - Williamsburg - Pictorial works Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Postcard Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 3 x 5 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dining Room, Richard Bland Tavern Description An account of the resource Recto and verso of a postcard depicting a sideboard in the Dining Room of the Richard Bland Tavern published by The Collotype Co. A wall hanging with a blessing written by Robert Burns served as a distinctive feature of the room. Early visitors to Colonial Williamsburg could dine, lodge, and purchase souvenirs and antiques at the Richard Bland Tavern. This postcard formed part of a set that visitors most likely could find in the tavern gift shop. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Collotype Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1930s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a> Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Postcard Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AV2001-09-03-R Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Bells Blessings Dining Rooms High Chairs Ladder Back Chairs Pewter Plates Postcards Richard Bland Tavern Robert Burns Sconces Sideboards Taverns Tea Tables Virginia Wetherburn's Tavern Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/6f38bf950f89c85d9af95fa3a771626d.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=IWstFssw4vAmlI71kL6XJ407dfaHyxIXqqg55J8R6fXhEEYz5yoAgVQnCGzeorN1yM2GxAJJKKV%7E2ysFabTb9ztlEiTjhQjnoDGtA2EukzEPuBu74q-5TDQk17UONws4cYQ2SZg-VSJKambamyUrKSI10Q0l560GnPNla6DuuxKa1BSOiT3HYo0HtnLpDrCnK8cK78i8IMPbG%7EZAs1Q8OZxDRNzhRBCtQ4UaM0RW67vYonVjjj%7EzCqDK-qd3bgZNzX40YqbMytch5jceCi1ThoHpLasdyK7ubjRJdU66cPXufsyPdLYxcAKfUe5pKOAqisiNlU2wU-CD0Hc-XW%7EG0g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 468312a50a5231539b2e26b0d7b2a5a1 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1024 IPTC Array a:5:{s:7:"caption";s:168:"Recto of postcard depicting a sketch of the exterior of the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype Co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 4.";s:14:"caption_writer";s:15:"Marianne Martin";s:11:"object_name";s:15:"AV-2001-09-04-R";s:7:"keyword";s:52:"Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Postcards";s:16:"copyright_notice";s:91:"Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation";} IPTC String caption:Recto of postcard depicting a sketch of the exterior of the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype Co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 4. caption_writer:Marianne Martin object_name:AV-2001-09-04-R keyword:Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Postcards copyright_notice:Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Width 1612 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/b2eaa9630f7d36dc0c47bc42c49cb8b3.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=CYG-Qn844cO3rbaPNOEcS3%7EW%7EigcKBzOVsiS5rXVg-ZNvsTo-zmIa63SHGsndLWF5xrJvSriSTgIj3ABU2utfrPia5tc8C3H0wfBsj%7ET2uafh4-syYJ%7EHCmtn7ntMnsa4Umq6MsdlVLcjGgqPKkSiRgN0NzCrgL0GHSpTjwOvMbMXww3Epi3yCZpSCMRBWXpc4XfIOKvs7ul-cuPALz%7E4lnBIe%7EnCxh5gKeqyQWzak7Eu8xzhqItWdbzOmCG6VBTVyuFk7qIr4QQLrU1nGQZ4ulgHTBA-6DSWjJvXvB6ix9qyDcunxQzfQ77PR3gpchEOMLaL2rhZIurVfKqrIQCwQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 9ef81609db0edbc3107d16e594dd2792 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1032 IPTC Array a:5:{s:7:"caption";s:168:"Verso of postcard depicting a sketch of the exterior of the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype Co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 4.";s:14:"caption_writer";s:15:"Marianne Martin";s:11:"object_name";s:15:"AV-2001-09-04-V";s:7:"keyword";s:52:"Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Postcards";s:16:"copyright_notice";s:91:"Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation";} IPTC String caption:Verso of postcard depicting a sketch of the exterior of the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype Co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 4. caption_writer:Marianne Martin object_name:AV-2001-09-04-V keyword:Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Postcards copyright_notice:Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Width 1615 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Selections from the Postcard Collection Description An account of the resource The Postcard Collection housed at the John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library consists of postcards of Williamsburg and surrounding areas dating from the late 19th-century to the present. It includes examples of early postcards of the town prior to its restoration by John D. Rockefeller Jr. In addition, it encompasses many examples of official postcards produced by Colonial Williamsburg for tourists. A smaller number of postcards of neighboring historic sites, such as Jamestown and Yorktown, are also present. The selections included here are primarily vintage postcards of Colonial Williamsburg and surrounding tourist attractions ranging in date from 1898 to the 1950s. Early cards in the collection illustrate a range of common postcard types and reproduction techniques. The history of the postcard's development as a souvenir, as well as the growth of tourism in Williamsburg, can be traced via Colonial Williamsburg's Postcard Collection. During what is known as the Pioneer Era from 1870-1898, the first form of postcard, featuring an illustration on one side and an undivided back on the other, did not allow the sender to include a note, unless it was written across a portion of the image on the front. The majority of pioneering postcard formats served as advertisements up until the 1893 Columbia Exposition, when postcards first appeared as souvenirs for Exposition visitors to purchase. The Private Mailing Card Era from 1898-1901 is characterized by cards printed with the notice "Private Mailing Card Authorized by Act of Congress on May 19, 1898." Backs of the cards remained undivided and purchasers could mail the cards for a cost of one cent. Several examples of postcards from this era are present in the collection. They include some of the earliest instances of souvenir cards created to promote Williamsburg historic sites, such as the Courthouse, Bruton Parish Church, the Powder Magazine, and the Capitol site. European rather than American printers created many of these postcards due to their superb skills. Chromo-lithograph cards of this era exhibit extremely rich colors. By the time the Jamestown Exposition took place in 1907, postcard production had entered the Divided Back Era, which continued until 1915. Modified postcard backs offered a segment on the left side for senders to pen a brief message. Production of cards gradually shifted to more American printers. The Jamestown Exposition provided a strong impetus for promotion of other historic sites that attendees might also stop at along the way. A series of postcards commemorating Williamsburg area historic sites in conjunction with the 1907 celebration are excellent examples of very early divided back cards. The Early Modern Era between 1916-1930 led to an increase in production of souvenir cards relating to the Williamsburg area. One type of format popular in this period is the "White Border Card" characterized by a view surrounded with a white border. Real photo cards also began to appear that featured photographs, rather than prints, of local surroundings. In the era before Colonial Williamsburg operated official gift shops, tourists counted on the Cole News Shop as their source for maps, postcards, travel guides, and souvenirs. Mr. Henry Dennison Cole served as the proprietor. His business stood on the site of the present day Taliaferro-Cole Shop. He produced his own postcards of historic sites in the area being restored by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities and other groups of preservation minded citizens. Several examples of cards published by the Cole Shop can be found in the collection and offer a glimpse of attractions popular with early 20th-century tourists, such as the old Masonic Hall and Custis Kitchen. Once Colonial Williamsburg opened a core group of exhibition buildings to the public in the early 1930s, a new era dawned in which the museum began production of official postcards as souvenirs for visitors. Photographs by F.S. Lincoln, an architectural photographer hired on a contract basis in 1935 to take some of the first promotional photos of Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, appeared on a number of real photo postcards issued in the late 1930s. Both examples of postcards bearing his photos, as well as his actual photograph collection, reside at the Rockefeller Library. The Albertype Company of Brooklyn, New York, produced one of the earliest official postcard series highlighting Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, costumed interpreters, Williamsburg Inn and Lodge, and Merchants Square. In addition to holding numerous examples of Albertype cards, the Rockefeller Library also houses the corresponding photographic prints used to generate the postcards. Albertype cards are characterized by sepia toned images that show exterior and interior views of exhibition buildings, as well as some of the earliest scenes of African Americans in costume demonstrating colonial cooking techniques. For further information about Williamsburg postcards, please consult: Preacher, Kristopher J. "Williamsburg in Vintage Postcards." Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, 2002. Reisweber, Kurt. "Williamsburg in Old Post Cards." Colonial Williamsburg XXI, No.2, (June/July 1999): 52-57. Subject The topic of the resource Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg Souvenirs (Keepsakes) - Virginia - Williamsburg - Pictorial works Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Postcard Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 3 x 5 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richard Bland Tavern Subject The topic of the resource Wetherburn's Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 09. Building 31. Taverns - Virginia - Williamsburg Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Recto and verso of postcard featuring a drawing of the exterior of the Richard Bland Tavern publlished by The Collotype Co. Early visitors to Colonial Williamsburg could dine, lodge, and purchase souvenirs and antiques at the Richard Bland Tavern. This postcard formed part of a set that visitors most likely could find in the tavern gift shop. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Collotype Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1930s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a> Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Postcard Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AV2001-09-04-R Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Carriages Drawings Horses Postcards Richard Bland Tavern Taverns Virginia Wetherburn's Tavern Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/fe53b0be18b56954f88454125b660c73.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=qcsG5otj8D5IyCEkfj5HFUUP-qLAAxeLNUeDbacu9DCDtr5eP6tHJ%7E5Ey3xQ3G89h7Fe6rZd14syogDNxO6e1XPCRlkGLgowY4n%7EFZgTowcSr2fIyHVqM5LuGiKwsVjNESnN-JYvXd8iH%7EXL1jJP3nnc%7EBffx%7EkOgkmPH7XkMwFpG6XynxLaDQ1DyWyT%7EU1F-AM833IU5X993x8ZUCVxiKq4jxFyzAGVAYkCL2BTtSYQjh5NICKBF5uAWuelGosWXx6Euj-CUG6%7Eq2tAwig%7EEVWqVyg1num%7EPq3UNno1kaxKpiK8Sk7L%7ELxa%7E68piDq-jBtG%7EeG4MTToegySctS2JA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM cc80300a5ff5ab7447e925b835476782 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1608 IPTC Array a:5:{s:7:"caption";s:167:"Recto of postcard depicting the Children's Stairway in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 6.";s:14:"caption_writer";s:15:"Marianne Martin";s:11:"object_name";s:15:"AV-2001-09-06-R";s:7:"keyword";s:73:"Richard Bland Tavern, Children's Stairway, Postcards, Wetherburn's Tavern";s:16:"copyright_notice";s:91:"Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation";} IPTC String caption:Recto of postcard depicting the Children's Stairway in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 6. caption_writer:Marianne Martin object_name:AV-2001-09-06-R keyword:Richard Bland Tavern, Children's Stairway, Postcards, Wetherburn's Tavern copyright_notice:Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Width 1024 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/b07dc479c06b727deec86ce48162795b.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=Ji7ffIpELFG0TjGjH25n84vCpDyI7Y7C0zvOqQ16o60jRl0qMMt3DJPVA06NrCQaDl3fE4vJj0QwHQZDHHNKltXfquziKEZz2r0qdesjA76R%7ErqnqpGb6rupCJQOElflFuFsWsYGP%7EaFpKl4JP3aod1pwwrLJul0AaRo%7EVP4c0o%7ED2T6X-bJ61zNiXZVjix2qJuGms4EViGAfPStYaB%7ED-yN76S5LYKhay1AqBNKqE1TNFiKTghoz6cwaIntwpthnMuDXIohoFxFQAmxnLDcPBHJSPM0J3XzhMhWTpn9ApRLAOtXwLtVx47ICTG0TXEqzUQ14z0ijiiMnMR8xMaiLQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 360faec85ab38dfd33dfca666cd7da0b Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1040 IPTC Array a:5:{s:7:"caption";s:167:"Verso of postcard depicting the Children's Stairway in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 6.";s:14:"caption_writer";s:15:"Marianne Martin";s:11:"object_name";s:15:"AV-2001-09-06-V";s:7:"keyword";s:73:"Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Children's Stairway, Postcards";s:16:"copyright_notice";s:91:"Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation";} IPTC String caption:Verso of postcard depicting the Children's Stairway in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va., published by The Collotype co., ca.1930s, accession # AV-2001.9, 6. caption_writer:Marianne Martin object_name:AV-2001-09-06-V keyword:Richard Bland Tavern, Wetherburn's Tavern, Children's Stairway, Postcards copyright_notice:Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Width 1644 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Selections from the Postcard Collection Description An account of the resource The Postcard Collection housed at the John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library consists of postcards of Williamsburg and surrounding areas dating from the late 19th-century to the present. It includes examples of early postcards of the town prior to its restoration by John D. Rockefeller Jr. In addition, it encompasses many examples of official postcards produced by Colonial Williamsburg for tourists. A smaller number of postcards of neighboring historic sites, such as Jamestown and Yorktown, are also present. The selections included here are primarily vintage postcards of Colonial Williamsburg and surrounding tourist attractions ranging in date from 1898 to the 1950s. Early cards in the collection illustrate a range of common postcard types and reproduction techniques. The history of the postcard's development as a souvenir, as well as the growth of tourism in Williamsburg, can be traced via Colonial Williamsburg's Postcard Collection. During what is known as the Pioneer Era from 1870-1898, the first form of postcard, featuring an illustration on one side and an undivided back on the other, did not allow the sender to include a note, unless it was written across a portion of the image on the front. The majority of pioneering postcard formats served as advertisements up until the 1893 Columbia Exposition, when postcards first appeared as souvenirs for Exposition visitors to purchase. The Private Mailing Card Era from 1898-1901 is characterized by cards printed with the notice "Private Mailing Card Authorized by Act of Congress on May 19, 1898." Backs of the cards remained undivided and purchasers could mail the cards for a cost of one cent. Several examples of postcards from this era are present in the collection. They include some of the earliest instances of souvenir cards created to promote Williamsburg historic sites, such as the Courthouse, Bruton Parish Church, the Powder Magazine, and the Capitol site. European rather than American printers created many of these postcards due to their superb skills. Chromo-lithograph cards of this era exhibit extremely rich colors. By the time the Jamestown Exposition took place in 1907, postcard production had entered the Divided Back Era, which continued until 1915. Modified postcard backs offered a segment on the left side for senders to pen a brief message. Production of cards gradually shifted to more American printers. The Jamestown Exposition provided a strong impetus for promotion of other historic sites that attendees might also stop at along the way. A series of postcards commemorating Williamsburg area historic sites in conjunction with the 1907 celebration are excellent examples of very early divided back cards. The Early Modern Era between 1916-1930 led to an increase in production of souvenir cards relating to the Williamsburg area. One type of format popular in this period is the "White Border Card" characterized by a view surrounded with a white border. Real photo cards also began to appear that featured photographs, rather than prints, of local surroundings. In the era before Colonial Williamsburg operated official gift shops, tourists counted on the Cole News Shop as their source for maps, postcards, travel guides, and souvenirs. Mr. Henry Dennison Cole served as the proprietor. His business stood on the site of the present day Taliaferro-Cole Shop. He produced his own postcards of historic sites in the area being restored by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities and other groups of preservation minded citizens. Several examples of cards published by the Cole Shop can be found in the collection and offer a glimpse of attractions popular with early 20th-century tourists, such as the old Masonic Hall and Custis Kitchen. Once Colonial Williamsburg opened a core group of exhibition buildings to the public in the early 1930s, a new era dawned in which the museum began production of official postcards as souvenirs for visitors. Photographs by F.S. Lincoln, an architectural photographer hired on a contract basis in 1935 to take some of the first promotional photos of Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, appeared on a number of real photo postcards issued in the late 1930s. Both examples of postcards bearing his photos, as well as his actual photograph collection, reside at the Rockefeller Library. The Albertype Company of Brooklyn, New York, produced one of the earliest official postcard series highlighting Colonial Williamsburg exhibition buildings, costumed interpreters, Williamsburg Inn and Lodge, and Merchants Square. In addition to holding numerous examples of Albertype cards, the Rockefeller Library also houses the corresponding photographic prints used to generate the postcards. Albertype cards are characterized by sepia toned images that show exterior and interior views of exhibition buildings, as well as some of the earliest scenes of African Americans in costume demonstrating colonial cooking techniques. For further information about Williamsburg postcards, please consult: Preacher, Kristopher J. "Williamsburg in Vintage Postcards." Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, 2002. Reisweber, Kurt. "Williamsburg in Old Post Cards." Colonial Williamsburg XXI, No.2, (June/July 1999): 52-57. Subject The topic of the resource Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg Souvenirs (Keepsakes) - Virginia - Williamsburg - Pictorial works Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Postcard Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 3 x 5 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Children's Stairway in the Richard Bland Tavern, Williamsburg, Va. Subject The topic of the resource Wetherburn's Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 09. Building 31. Taverns - Virginia - Williamsburg Postcards - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Recto and verso of postcard depicting a narrow set of stairs in the Richard Bland Tavern (now called Wethburn's Tavern.) What is referred to as the children’s stairway on the postcard is a flight of service stairs located in the rear hall of the first floor of the tavern. At the time the postcard was produced in the 1930s, a ghost story surrounded this particular feature of the tavern. According to a caption on the card: “In this historical house, before the Revolution, there were thirty-two children born to one mother and father, eleven single births and the other in twins and triplets. It is said a beautiful lady with long flowing hair that reached below her waist, wearing a soft blue gown that touched the floor, had been seen to come to this stairway when little children played on it. She is known as the lady in blue or the fairy godmother of little boys and girls.” Early visitors to Colonial Williamsburg could dine, lodge, and purchase souvenirs and antiques at the Richard Bland Tavern. This postcard of the children’s stairway formed part of a set that visitors most likely could find in the tavern gift shop. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Collotype Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1930s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a> Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Postcard Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AV2001-09-06-R Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Cats Children's Stairway Collotypes Dolls Mammy Dolls Richard Bland Tavern Scones Stairs Taverns Virginia Wetherburn's Tavern Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/db71054d0193964be0a8465b4dd8c39d.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=GwjZOexzKsg9K%7EWlZBUBCsblADQxuPPG8XNbmgD1ZX2agc1aBruAS2jvNBN61iIf5LURhPO09M2rmUBs74pTeUPXEWt50YgXXdYWhyBHca%7EShOhdLL2FCUOAx6ZUgcvoxfU%7EgIUDzFg3qJ%7E3c7GtViOIRqceutsmYqJ5D3haAusPB711HE34UrKY408q6swjctexr1qR449BIM55TWU6%7EDEPjklqmDRFOmDltLIRo-CBxIYJChETXIqnOZD7DS%7ED5gM9sq58Aqpu6-GSVck2ifRuP3Z2acTr%7E6Pm5C4g1xfcxMX6b2ZLgiTl%7EcsIhIiGdCt-dX4Y1CdMtsIXoVGhJQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM e7dd4f92df529e63ba2406349b92c256 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Earl Gregg Swem Photograph Collection Subject The topic of the resource Swem, E.G. (Earl Gregg), 1870-1965 Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Architectural photographs - 1920-1930 Description An account of the resource This collection of sixty-two black and white photographs primarily documents buildings in pre-restoration era Williamsburg at the beginning of the 1920s. It is not known whether Swem took the photographs in this collection himself or gathered them from various local sources as part of his ongoing research on Virginia history topics. Williamsburg structures represented include the Benjamin Waller House, the Chiswell-Bucktrout House, Moody House, Bracken Tenement, Lightfoot House, Nicholas-Tyler Office, Benjamin Powell House, Mayo House, Wetherburn's Tavern, Palmer House, Dr. Barraud House, Taliaferro-Cole House, Travis House, Alexander Craig House, Public Records Office, Prentis Store, Charlton House, Dudley Digges House (now known as the Bray School), Coke-Garrett House, Peyton Randolph House,Grissell-Hay Tenement, St. George Tucker House, Timson House, St. John House, Roscow Cole House, Ewing House, and the Tayloe House. A few historic sites outside of Williamsburg are also included and encompass Bacon's Castle, Smith's Fort Plantation, and unidentified houses in Smithfield and at Kingsmill Farm. The Confederate stone obelisk on Palace Green, the commemorative obelisk on the site of the Governor's Palace, and mulberry trees on Francis Street are some miscellaneous features of early 1920s Williamsburg that are visually documented in the collection. Several business enterprises once located along Duke of Gloucester Street are recorded in Swem's photographs, including the Williamsburg Hotel on Market Square. Dr. Earl Gregg Swem served as a librarian at the College of William and Mary from 1920-1944. A graduate of Lafayette College, he began building his library career through several positions in the Chicago area in the late 19th-century. In 1903, he accepted an appointment to a position in the Copyright Office of the Library of Congress. He then held the position of Assistant State Librarian of Virginia from 1907-1919. In 1920, he arrived in Williamsburg to head the College of William & Mary's Library, where he worked diligently to expand its historical collections into what would one day be the nucleus of the library's Special Collections Research Center. During his tenure at the College of William & Mary, Swem also managed the William & Mary Quarterly and published the Virginia Historical Index in 1936. After his death in 1965, the College named its new main library the Earl Gregg Swem Library in his honor. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Swem, Earl Gregg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Early 1920s Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Gelatin silver print Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 8" x 10" Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wetherburn's Tavern Subject The topic of the resource Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Taverns - Virginia - Williamsburg Wetherburn's Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 09. Building 31. Description An account of the resource Pre-restoration view of north façade of the Wetherburn's Tavern (formerly the Richard Bland Tavern), Williamsburg, Virginia. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Swem, Earl Gregg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Circa 1920 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. Circa 1920 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Earl Gregg Swem Photograph Collection, AV2009.24, Box 1, Folder 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Swem-42 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Dormers Earl Gregg Swem Porches Pre-Restoration Richard Bland Tavern Shingles Shutters Taverns Virginia Weatherboarding Wetherburn's Tavern Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/9a1ba6f4cd8845f0f7ee8aa8ece24a5a.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=TX8kpP9cuosCCzqYm42Xmh2MSLkZefZ7-cmEfNSgM%7EB%7ElddTTc5cIesKeRUy-8r94QQsy6mGpPMXKKQ27afmvrerVt71wXD25Xw7r-hcxEQNyztGuQu2hBptxqdla-fY7jsc0ObXxssNxPRy1E-onE5X78OHd52JHgyOhOD-ETDhunc8HGu0uu5UAw132VHye8EPvySgfFnU2JXfYHWn8BrxlJqM%7EHLIE%7EtHxgLGqmZHT2Vpy97-6zX2xQ1x1BEC78q6ApmY7aKPwdvWCv2pPu1W-anhpksVq67RZqlneaqdcZ4HD11BfVDjzQYjJbdXpIBXsA6Pv1wmKPyub7w2pA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 2adeb2223ee960c227291a027bec3bb0 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 768 Width 528 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource An Architect of the Restoration: The Pencil Sketches of Thomas Mott Shaw, F.A.I.A. Description An account of the resource BIOGRAPHY OF THOMAS MOTT SHAW, F.A.I.A. Thomas Mott Shaw is best known as one of the founding partners and principal architects of the prominent Boston architectural firm Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn, which John D. Rockefeller Jr. hired in 1928 to design, plan, and supervise the groundbreaking historical restoration of Williamsburg, the former eighteenth-century capitol of Virginia. Born in 1878 in Newport, Rhode Island, Thomas Mott Shaw received a bachelor’s degree from Harvard in 1900 and continued his education at the atelier (workshop) of Jean-Louis Pascal at the Ècole des Beaux-Arts in Paris from 1900 to 1905.[1] After graduation in 1905, he began working in Boston as a draftsman in the office of Guy Lowell, a prominent American architect and landscape architect who designed the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, as well as numerous other public, commercial, academic, and private buildings and spaces, including many distinguished estates and gardens.[2] Shaw’s connections to Lowell were presumably academic in nature, as Lowell was a former Harvard alumnus who also studied under Pascal at the Ècole, where he graduated just one year before Shaw.[3] In 1908, Shaw left Lowell’s employ and opened his own architectural practice, which he pursued until 1916.[4] During the First World War, he served as a first lieutenant in the 489th Aero Squadron of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF).[5] He was stationed at the U.S. Army’s Air Service Production center at Romorantin, France, where he worked with the Air Service Construction Division #2. During this time, he helped design and build air fields, assembly plants for the fabrication of American aircraft, and barracks for military personnel.[6] After the war, Shaw returned to the United States and partnered with Andrew H. Hepburn, an MIT graduate and practicing architect who had also worked under Guy Lowell.[7] The two men founded an architectural firm under the name of Shaw and Hepburn, which they managed together from 1918 to 1923.[8] When architect William G. Perry (another alumnus of Harvard, MIT, and the Ècole, as well as a former WWI Army Air Corps captain[9]) joined the partnership in 1923, the firm’s name changed to Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn.[10] In January 1927, William Perry (representing his partners Shaw and Hepburn) was invited by Reverend William A. R. Goodwin (the rector of Bruton Parish Church in Williamsburg) to produce drawings of Williamsburg as it may have looked in the eighteenth century.[11] Goodwin planned to submit the renderings to an unnamed donor who was interested in restoring the town to its former eighteenth-century appearance.[12] Shaw noted: “I worked on those drawings. We all did. We all worked on them (just like a projet in the Ècole des Beaux-Arts) to get them out.” [13] In late November 1927, after spending eleven months working pro bono[14] on a series of illustrations detailing the prospective restoration of the town and the College of William and Mary’s Wren Building, Perry submitted the firm’s drawings to Reverend Goodwin to deliver to his anonymous benefactor for consideration.[15] Soon after reviewing the architects’ work, Goodwin’s patron decided to begin funding the restoration of Williamsburg, and by early December 1927, the firm of Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn was approved “'to proceed with work on [the] Wren Building’ and reconstruction of the colonial Capitol and Governor’s Palace.”[16] It was not until April 1928, however, that the architects finally learned the identity of the secretive individual funding the endeavor.[17] The three men were summoned to New York for a meeting, where Goodwin introduced them to the wealthy businessman and philanthropist, John D. Rockefeller Jr.[18] After meeting the architects in person and discussing the project with them over lunch, Rockefeller decided that he liked what he had seen and heard. On 1 April 1928,[19] he “assigned overall ‘authority and responsibility’” of Williamsburg’s building and restoration to Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn.[20] Soon thereafter, the architects set up a small office in Williamsburg near Bruton Parish Church to manage the project.[21] The architects “soon found that drawing plans was only a minor part of the [project]. The hard part was finding out what kind of plans should be drawn.”[22] Consequently, they organized a staff of historical researchers to assist them in their efforts to restore and rebuild Williamsburg’s eighteenth-century structures as authentically as possible. “Very early in the project, [the architects] decided to establish the highest possible standards for the job. ‘Nothing was ever done without a good reason,’ Shaw once stated. ‘If there were no documented reasons for doing a particular thing, we didn’t do it.’”[23] Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn’s dedication to the ideals of historic preservation at Williamsburg also paralleled a larger “preservation fever” that was sweeping the nation in the 1920s, called the Colonial Revival.[24] “Historic preservation formed the core of the Colonial Revival, a social and stylistic mindset that peaked during the 1920s [25]…fueled by the usual turmoil – a world war, the Bolshevik Revolution, the Red Scare, and another spike in immigration, all of which increased the nostalgia for the good old colonial days.[26] ….Creating museums from historic buildings became a preferred philanthropy for the wealthy…and John D. Rockefeller Jr. launched the single largest preservation project the country had seen: Colonial Williamsburg.” [27] In the wake of the stock market crash of 1929 and the subsequent national economic collapse of the Great Depression, the fervor of the movement waned, as “only the wealthiest could afford to indulge in antiques, art, and architectural restoration.”[28] As one of the wealthiest men in the country, however, John D. Rockefeller Jr. was one of the few people who could indeed afford to finance his interests in the Colonial Revival. Despite the economic strife of the times, Rockefeller’s infusion of funds into Williamsburg not only helped support the research and restoration of this sleepy southern town back to its former eighteenth-century appearance as the colonial capitol of Virginia, but also provided Williamsburg with much-needed jobs during the worst years of the Depression. By the late 1930s, Rockefeller’s restoration had positioned the town as an architectural and cultural cornerstone of the Colonial Revival movement, fueled Colonial Revival sentiments in spite of the nation’s social and economic woes, and established Williamsburg as a pioneering example of historical preservation relating to the nation’s colonial and revolutionary past. In time, Thomas Mott Shaw was eventually “placed on [a] consulting basis” with Williamsburg’s Restoration “when an architectural department was established by Colonial Williamsburg” on 1 October 1934.[29] In 1938, Shaw was recognized by the American Institute of Architects for his work on the Williamsburg Inn, “chosen for its excellency of design wedded to the sensitive appreciation of location.”[30] He was awarded the Institute’s Bronze Medal of Honor, the highest award given to a practicing architect in the country.[31] In 1939, Shaw was placed on an annual retainer with the Restoration, though he continued working as a consultant for Colonial Williamsburg on various design and restoration projects. After a long and accomplished career, Thomas Mott Shaw died on 17 February 1965.[32] THE THOMAS MOTT SHAW COLLECTION This collection consists of thirty-four graphite and mixed media sketches drawn by architect Thomas Mott Shaw during the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg from the late 1920s through 1930s, depicting various architectural exteriors and interiors of historic buildings in and around Colonial Williamsburg’s Historic Area. It is not known precisely why these drawings were created – whether for in-house or external purposes by Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn, for Colonial Williamsburg’s staff or other interested parties, or perhaps even for Shaw’s own personal use – but they have since become historically important artifacts and images of Williamsburg’s Restoration period. These illustrations take us back in time to the early days of Williamsburg as a reconstructed historic site and living history museum, capturing views that offer interesting opportunities for insight and reflection into the early research, planning, design, building, and restoration of the town’s landscape, architecture, and character as Virginia’s eighteenth-century colonial capitol. The earliest sketch in this collection, drawn in 1928, features the Bracken Tenement (also known as the Bracken House) on Francis Street, which was one of the first buildings to be restored in Williamsburg by Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn[33] in 1928.[34] The latest sketch, drawn in 1938, depicts a proposed addition to the Williamsburg Inn which was never built. Otherwise, the majority of the drawings – thirty-two in number – were completed in 1933. In the fall of 1944, Shaw offered this collection of thirty-four sketches to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation “for use in connection with publicity or any other purpose you would like to use them for.”[35] Upon review of the sketches, Colonial Williamsburg’s staff accepted them, stating: “These sketches are something which we definitely should have in our archives….Mr. Shaw has done them from photographs and that in this respect they are not such creative work as might be done on location without the use of photographs….We have not undertaken to determine how best they can be utilized but there are several possibilities which we should like to explore further.”[36] Though the sketches were thought to be “very good” and might be used in various ways,[37] Colonial Williamsburg’s staff chiefly appreciated the drawings for their “sentimental appeal by virtue of Mr. Shaw’s connection with Colonial Williamsburg”[38] and “the fact that they are the handiwork of Mr. Shaw, which…will make them quite valuable to Colonial Williamsburg in the future.”[39] Shaw’s sketches were purchased and accepted into the research archives of Colonial Williamsburg’s Architectural Department between November 1945 and January 1946. These drawings are now part of the Architectural Drawings Collection in the Special Collections wing of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation’s John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library. While a separate collection of Shaw’s personal papers and drawings also reside within the Smithsonian Institution’s Archives of American Art in Washington, D.C.,[40] the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation is proud to possess the majority of Mr. Shaw’s drawings and correspondence associated with his meticulous and pioneering work on Williamsburg’s restoration. ENDNOTES [1] George H. Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw, F.A.I.A., 1878-1965” unpublished biography, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation (Williamsburg, Va.: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). [2] Ibid. [3] Henry F. Withey and Elsie Rathburn Withey, Biographical Dictionary of American Architects [Deceased] (Los Angeles: Hennessey &amp; Ingalls, Inc., 1970), 381-382. [4] Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw, F.A.I.A., 1878-1965.” [5] George H. Yetter, handwritten notes compiled from Thomas Mott Shaw Papers (in Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, gift of Sarah Quinan Shaw Johnson, Concord, Ma., 1975), Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation (Williamsburg, Va.: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). [6] Ibid.; see also “Colonial Williamsburg Logbook” biographical sheet on Thomas Mott Shaw, dated 15 March 1947, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation (Williamsburg, Va.: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). [7] George H. Yetter, “Designers of Beauty: Academic Training and Williamsburg’s Architectural Restoration,” Colonial Williamsburg Journal (Winter 2012): 58. [8] Yetter, handwritten notes compiled from Thomas Mott Shaw Papers; see also “Colonial Williamsburg Logbook” biographical sheet. [9] Will Molineux, “The Architect of Colonial Williamsburg: William Graves Perry,” Colonial Williamsburg Journal (Autumn 2004), 61. [10] “Colonial Williamsburg Logbook” biographical sheet. [11] Fred Frechette, “Work on Restoration Started as ‘Bit of Fun,’” Richmond Times-Dispatch (Richmond, Va.), 21 May 1956, page number unknown, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. [12] Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw, F.A.I.A., 1878-1965.” [13] Ibid. (T.M. Shaw quote excerpted from “Reminiscences of Thomas Mott Shaw,” Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives, Oral History Collection, 11), Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation (Williamsburg, Va.: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). [14] Frechette, “Work on Restoration Started as ‘Bit of Fun.’” [15] George H. Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw” typewritten research notes, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation (Williamsburg, Va.: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). [16] Molineux, “The Architect of Colonial Williamsburg,” 63. [17] Ibid. [18] Ibid. [19] Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw” typewritten research notes. [20] Molineux, 63; see also Frechette, “Work on Restoration Started as ‘Bit of Fun.’” [21] Molineux, 63. [22] Frechette, “Work on Restoration Started as ‘Bit of Fun.’” [23] Ibid. [24] Mary Miley Theobald, “The Colonial Revival: The Past that Never Dies,” Colonial Williamsburg Journal (Summer 2002), 81. [25] Ibid., 81. [26] Ibid., 84. [27] Ibid., 81. [28] Ibid., 84. [29] Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw” typewritten research notes. [30] Frechette, “Work on Restoration Started as ‘Bit of Fun.’” [31] Ibid. [32] Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw, F.A.I.A., 1878-1965.” [33] Frechette, “Work on Restoration Started as ‘Bit of Fun.’” [34]Carl Lounsbury, “Bracken Tenement: Block 2, Building 52,” Colonial Williamsburg Foundation website, n.d., http://research.history.org/Architectural_Research/Research_Articles/ThemeBldgs/Bracken.cfm (accessed 5 May 2014). [35] Letter from Thomas Mott Shaw to Vernon Geddy of Williamsburg Restoration, Inc., 25 October 1944, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. [36] Staff memo from B.W. Norton to Vernon Geddy of Williamsburg Restoration, Inc., 1 November 1945, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. [37] Staff memo from J.A. Upshur to Kenneth Chorley of Williamsburg Restoration, Inc., 12 January 1946, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. [38] Ibid. [39] Ibid. [40] Letter from Michael A. Grimes (archivist, Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Art) to George H. Yetter (Associate Curator of Architectural Drawings, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation), 2 August 1989, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING Chappell, Edward A. “Architects of Colonial Williamsburg” in Encyclopedia of Southern Culture, ed. by Charles Reagan Wilson, William R. Ferris, and Ann J. Adadie. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989, 59-61. Greenspan, Anders. Creating Colonial Williamsburg: The Restoration of Virginia’s Eighteenth-Century Capitol. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2002. Hosmer, Charles Bridgham, and National Trust for Historic Preservation in the United States. Preservation Comes of Age: From Williamsburg to the National Trust, 1926-1949, Vol. 1. Charlottesville: Published for the Preservation Press, National Trust for Historic Preservation in the United States by the University Press of Virginia, 1981. Kimball, Fiske, et al. The Restoration of Colonial Williamsburg in Virginia. New York: F.W. Dodge Corporation, 1935. Molineux, Will. “The Architect of Colonial Williamsburg: William Graves Perry,” Colonial Williamsburg Journal (August 2004): 58-65. Theobald, Mary Miley. “The Colonial Revival: The Past that Never Dies,” Colonial Williamsburg Journal (Summer 2002): 81-85. Yetter, George Humphrey. “Designers of Beauty: Academic Training and Williamsburg’s Architectural Restoration,” Colonial Williamsburg Journal (Winter 2012): 54-60. Yetter, George Humphrey. Williamsburg Before and After: The Rebirth of Virginia's Colonial Capital. Williamsburg, Va.: Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 1988. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Graphite on paper Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 31 x 45.5 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Raleigh Tavern Entrance Subject The topic of the resource Raleigh Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 17. Building 06. Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource <p>Exterior of the Raleigh Tavern, view of the front entrance looking north from across Duke of Gloucester Street, 1933. The tavern's signboard stands in the foreground to the left, while in the background, a gowned female costumed interpreter (once referred to as a "hostess") is shown standing to the right of the building's entrance. A lead bust of Sir Walter Raleigh, the noted navigator-explorer, is featured in the broken pediment above the tavern's front doors.</p> <p>The Raleigh Tavern was the frequent scene of both jollity and consequence, and was "....the foremost of Williamsburg's taverns in the eighteenth century. Established about 1717, the Raleigh Tavern grew in size and reputation through the years. Letters, diaries, newspaper advertisements, and other records indicate that the Raleigh was one of the most important taverns in colonial Virginia. It served as a center for social, commercial, and political gatherings; small private and large public dinners; lectures and exhibitions; and auctions of merchandise, land, and the enslaved." Burned to the ground in 1859, the tavern was reconstructed from published illustrations, insurance policies, and archaeology that uncovered most of the original foundations.</p> <p>(Source: Michael Olmert and Suzanne Coffman, <em>Official Guide to Colonial Williamsburg</em> [Williamsburg, VA: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 2007], 60).</p> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Shaw, Thomas Mott Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1933 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1933 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D2008-COPY-1014-1054 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Benches Busts Chimneys Colonial Architecture Costumed Interpreters Dentils Dormer Windows Dormers Duke of Gloucester Street Exteriors Historic Buildings Hitching Posts Hostesses Inns Ordinaries Pediments Raleigh Tavern Shutters Signboards Signs Sir Walter Raleigh Stairs Taverns Thomas Mott Shaw Virginia Weatherboarding Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/a05365ee2ce827b9c17e1681903fef1c.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=Wq2xMscR1-CNH10j8-Hzwjuc7xc6xOh7lNnifVzGLY6BICO1PyHoq5m7ZphqC7rJxEEI%7ExSy8bE800f5PD7EzGQ3p2DZiIRNdeEKqBKSt6jnMBdtTgp7EZ53J7ub8MmpSR1x2WBr0QoXR8PLMPYx1s6xdAaaDorVVhnqnl1UQ2Cq5FlaTfaFT5As3jRvcboK39gFbWjK8gNMmLL%7Ez39HMbRsUbbmvQuwNfUVBzfhF178nB9wfVq36smXMGZ8RzE4CAfQSR0AxpSAgISL2z2ObWrf7IzU9nB1YJ%7Et%7EFJaVcD8bf%7EHsKiHjsLRFf2KkvJNF2ZwylPB6Gx55PvutRUQGw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 159284215bdab7bd1836bc641df5ad12 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 699 Width 1024 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource An Architect of the Restoration: The Pencil Sketches of Thomas Mott Shaw, F.A.I.A. Description An account of the resource BIOGRAPHY OF THOMAS MOTT SHAW, F.A.I.A. Thomas Mott Shaw is best known as one of the founding partners and principal architects of the prominent Boston architectural firm Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn, which John D. Rockefeller Jr. hired in 1928 to design, plan, and supervise the groundbreaking historical restoration of Williamsburg, the former eighteenth-century capitol of Virginia. Born in 1878 in Newport, Rhode Island, Thomas Mott Shaw received a bachelor’s degree from Harvard in 1900 and continued his education at the atelier (workshop) of Jean-Louis Pascal at the Ècole des Beaux-Arts in Paris from 1900 to 1905.[1] After graduation in 1905, he began working in Boston as a draftsman in the office of Guy Lowell, a prominent American architect and landscape architect who designed the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, as well as numerous other public, commercial, academic, and private buildings and spaces, including many distinguished estates and gardens.[2] Shaw’s connections to Lowell were presumably academic in nature, as Lowell was a former Harvard alumnus who also studied under Pascal at the Ècole, where he graduated just one year before Shaw.[3] In 1908, Shaw left Lowell’s employ and opened his own architectural practice, which he pursued until 1916.[4] During the First World War, he served as a first lieutenant in the 489th Aero Squadron of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF).[5] He was stationed at the U.S. Army’s Air Service Production center at Romorantin, France, where he worked with the Air Service Construction Division #2. During this time, he helped design and build air fields, assembly plants for the fabrication of American aircraft, and barracks for military personnel.[6] After the war, Shaw returned to the United States and partnered with Andrew H. Hepburn, an MIT graduate and practicing architect who had also worked under Guy Lowell.[7] The two men founded an architectural firm under the name of Shaw and Hepburn, which they managed together from 1918 to 1923.[8] When architect William G. Perry (another alumnus of Harvard, MIT, and the Ècole, as well as a former WWI Army Air Corps captain[9]) joined the partnership in 1923, the firm’s name changed to Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn.[10] In January 1927, William Perry (representing his partners Shaw and Hepburn) was invited by Reverend William A. R. Goodwin (the rector of Bruton Parish Church in Williamsburg) to produce drawings of Williamsburg as it may have looked in the eighteenth century.[11] Goodwin planned to submit the renderings to an unnamed donor who was interested in restoring the town to its former eighteenth-century appearance.[12] Shaw noted: “I worked on those drawings. We all did. We all worked on them (just like a projet in the Ècole des Beaux-Arts) to get them out.” [13] In late November 1927, after spending eleven months working pro bono[14] on a series of illustrations detailing the prospective restoration of the town and the College of William and Mary’s Wren Building, Perry submitted the firm’s drawings to Reverend Goodwin to deliver to his anonymous benefactor for consideration.[15] Soon after reviewing the architects’ work, Goodwin’s patron decided to begin funding the restoration of Williamsburg, and by early December 1927, the firm of Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn was approved “'to proceed with work on [the] Wren Building’ and reconstruction of the colonial Capitol and Governor’s Palace.”[16] It was not until April 1928, however, that the architects finally learned the identity of the secretive individual funding the endeavor.[17] The three men were summoned to New York for a meeting, where Goodwin introduced them to the wealthy businessman and philanthropist, John D. Rockefeller Jr.[18] After meeting the architects in person and discussing the project with them over lunch, Rockefeller decided that he liked what he had seen and heard. On 1 April 1928,[19] he “assigned overall ‘authority and responsibility’” of Williamsburg’s building and restoration to Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn.[20] Soon thereafter, the architects set up a small office in Williamsburg near Bruton Parish Church to manage the project.[21] The architects “soon found that drawing plans was only a minor part of the [project]. The hard part was finding out what kind of plans should be drawn.”[22] Consequently, they organized a staff of historical researchers to assist them in their efforts to restore and rebuild Williamsburg’s eighteenth-century structures as authentically as possible. “Very early in the project, [the architects] decided to establish the highest possible standards for the job. ‘Nothing was ever done without a good reason,’ Shaw once stated. ‘If there were no documented reasons for doing a particular thing, we didn’t do it.’”[23] Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn’s dedication to the ideals of historic preservation at Williamsburg also paralleled a larger “preservation fever” that was sweeping the nation in the 1920s, called the Colonial Revival.[24] “Historic preservation formed the core of the Colonial Revival, a social and stylistic mindset that peaked during the 1920s [25]…fueled by the usual turmoil – a world war, the Bolshevik Revolution, the Red Scare, and another spike in immigration, all of which increased the nostalgia for the good old colonial days.[26] ….Creating museums from historic buildings became a preferred philanthropy for the wealthy…and John D. Rockefeller Jr. launched the single largest preservation project the country had seen: Colonial Williamsburg.” [27] In the wake of the stock market crash of 1929 and the subsequent national economic collapse of the Great Depression, the fervor of the movement waned, as “only the wealthiest could afford to indulge in antiques, art, and architectural restoration.”[28] As one of the wealthiest men in the country, however, John D. Rockefeller Jr. was one of the few people who could indeed afford to finance his interests in the Colonial Revival. Despite the economic strife of the times, Rockefeller’s infusion of funds into Williamsburg not only helped support the research and restoration of this sleepy southern town back to its former eighteenth-century appearance as the colonial capitol of Virginia, but also provided Williamsburg with much-needed jobs during the worst years of the Depression. By the late 1930s, Rockefeller’s restoration had positioned the town as an architectural and cultural cornerstone of the Colonial Revival movement, fueled Colonial Revival sentiments in spite of the nation’s social and economic woes, and established Williamsburg as a pioneering example of historical preservation relating to the nation’s colonial and revolutionary past. In time, Thomas Mott Shaw was eventually “placed on [a] consulting basis” with Williamsburg’s Restoration “when an architectural department was established by Colonial Williamsburg” on 1 October 1934.[29] In 1938, Shaw was recognized by the American Institute of Architects for his work on the Williamsburg Inn, “chosen for its excellency of design wedded to the sensitive appreciation of location.”[30] He was awarded the Institute’s Bronze Medal of Honor, the highest award given to a practicing architect in the country.[31] In 1939, Shaw was placed on an annual retainer with the Restoration, though he continued working as a consultant for Colonial Williamsburg on various design and restoration projects. After a long and accomplished career, Thomas Mott Shaw died on 17 February 1965.[32] THE THOMAS MOTT SHAW COLLECTION This collection consists of thirty-four graphite and mixed media sketches drawn by architect Thomas Mott Shaw during the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg from the late 1920s through 1930s, depicting various architectural exteriors and interiors of historic buildings in and around Colonial Williamsburg’s Historic Area. It is not known precisely why these drawings were created – whether for in-house or external purposes by Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn, for Colonial Williamsburg’s staff or other interested parties, or perhaps even for Shaw’s own personal use – but they have since become historically important artifacts and images of Williamsburg’s Restoration period. These illustrations take us back in time to the early days of Williamsburg as a reconstructed historic site and living history museum, capturing views that offer interesting opportunities for insight and reflection into the early research, planning, design, building, and restoration of the town’s landscape, architecture, and character as Virginia’s eighteenth-century colonial capitol. The earliest sketch in this collection, drawn in 1928, features the Bracken Tenement (also known as the Bracken House) on Francis Street, which was one of the first buildings to be restored in Williamsburg by Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn[33] in 1928.[34] The latest sketch, drawn in 1938, depicts a proposed addition to the Williamsburg Inn which was never built. Otherwise, the majority of the drawings – thirty-two in number – were completed in 1933. In the fall of 1944, Shaw offered this collection of thirty-four sketches to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation “for use in connection with publicity or any other purpose you would like to use them for.”[35] Upon review of the sketches, Colonial Williamsburg’s staff accepted them, stating: “These sketches are something which we definitely should have in our archives….Mr. Shaw has done them from photographs and that in this respect they are not such creative work as might be done on location without the use of photographs….We have not undertaken to determine how best they can be utilized but there are several possibilities which we should like to explore further.”[36] Though the sketches were thought to be “very good” and might be used in various ways,[37] Colonial Williamsburg’s staff chiefly appreciated the drawings for their “sentimental appeal by virtue of Mr. Shaw’s connection with Colonial Williamsburg”[38] and “the fact that they are the handiwork of Mr. Shaw, which…will make them quite valuable to Colonial Williamsburg in the future.”[39] Shaw’s sketches were purchased and accepted into the research archives of Colonial Williamsburg’s Architectural Department between November 1945 and January 1946. These drawings are now part of the Architectural Drawings Collection in the Special Collections wing of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation’s John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library. While a separate collection of Shaw’s personal papers and drawings also reside within the Smithsonian Institution’s Archives of American Art in Washington, D.C.,[40] the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation is proud to possess the majority of Mr. Shaw’s drawings and correspondence associated with his meticulous and pioneering work on Williamsburg’s restoration. ENDNOTES [1] George H. Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw, F.A.I.A., 1878-1965” unpublished biography, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation (Williamsburg, Va.: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). [2] Ibid. [3] Henry F. Withey and Elsie Rathburn Withey, Biographical Dictionary of American Architects [Deceased] (Los Angeles: Hennessey &amp; Ingalls, Inc., 1970), 381-382. [4] Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw, F.A.I.A., 1878-1965.” [5] George H. Yetter, handwritten notes compiled from Thomas Mott Shaw Papers (in Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, gift of Sarah Quinan Shaw Johnson, Concord, Ma., 1975), Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation (Williamsburg, Va.: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). [6] Ibid.; see also “Colonial Williamsburg Logbook” biographical sheet on Thomas Mott Shaw, dated 15 March 1947, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation (Williamsburg, Va.: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). [7] George H. Yetter, “Designers of Beauty: Academic Training and Williamsburg’s Architectural Restoration,” Colonial Williamsburg Journal (Winter 2012): 58. [8] Yetter, handwritten notes compiled from Thomas Mott Shaw Papers; see also “Colonial Williamsburg Logbook” biographical sheet. [9] Will Molineux, “The Architect of Colonial Williamsburg: William Graves Perry,” Colonial Williamsburg Journal (Autumn 2004), 61. [10] “Colonial Williamsburg Logbook” biographical sheet. [11] Fred Frechette, “Work on Restoration Started as ‘Bit of Fun,’” Richmond Times-Dispatch (Richmond, Va.), 21 May 1956, page number unknown, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. [12] Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw, F.A.I.A., 1878-1965.” [13] Ibid. (T.M. Shaw quote excerpted from “Reminiscences of Thomas Mott Shaw,” Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Archives, Oral History Collection, 11), Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation (Williamsburg, Va.: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). [14] Frechette, “Work on Restoration Started as ‘Bit of Fun.’” [15] George H. Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw” typewritten research notes, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation (Williamsburg, Va.: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). [16] Molineux, “The Architect of Colonial Williamsburg,” 63. [17] Ibid. [18] Ibid. [19] Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw” typewritten research notes. [20] Molineux, 63; see also Frechette, “Work on Restoration Started as ‘Bit of Fun.’” [21] Molineux, 63. [22] Frechette, “Work on Restoration Started as ‘Bit of Fun.’” [23] Ibid. [24] Mary Miley Theobald, “The Colonial Revival: The Past that Never Dies,” Colonial Williamsburg Journal (Summer 2002), 81. [25] Ibid., 81. [26] Ibid., 84. [27] Ibid., 81. [28] Ibid., 84. [29] Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw” typewritten research notes. [30] Frechette, “Work on Restoration Started as ‘Bit of Fun.’” [31] Ibid. [32] Yetter, “Thomas Mott Shaw, F.A.I.A., 1878-1965.” [33] Frechette, “Work on Restoration Started as ‘Bit of Fun.’” [34]Carl Lounsbury, “Bracken Tenement: Block 2, Building 52,” Colonial Williamsburg Foundation website, n.d., http://research.history.org/Architectural_Research/Research_Articles/ThemeBldgs/Bracken.cfm (accessed 5 May 2014). [35] Letter from Thomas Mott Shaw to Vernon Geddy of Williamsburg Restoration, Inc., 25 October 1944, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. [36] Staff memo from B.W. Norton to Vernon Geddy of Williamsburg Restoration, Inc., 1 November 1945, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. [37] Staff memo from J.A. Upshur to Kenneth Chorley of Williamsburg Restoration, Inc., 12 January 1946, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. [38] Ibid. [39] Ibid. [40] Letter from Michael A. Grimes (archivist, Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Art) to George H. Yetter (Associate Curator of Architectural Drawings, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation), 2 August 1989, Thomas Mott Shaw research folder, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING Chappell, Edward A. “Architects of Colonial Williamsburg” in Encyclopedia of Southern Culture, ed. by Charles Reagan Wilson, William R. Ferris, and Ann J. Adadie. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989, 59-61. Greenspan, Anders. Creating Colonial Williamsburg: The Restoration of Virginia’s Eighteenth-Century Capitol. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2002. Hosmer, Charles Bridgham, and National Trust for Historic Preservation in the United States. Preservation Comes of Age: From Williamsburg to the National Trust, 1926-1949, Vol. 1. Charlottesville: Published for the Preservation Press, National Trust for Historic Preservation in the United States by the University Press of Virginia, 1981. Kimball, Fiske, et al. The Restoration of Colonial Williamsburg in Virginia. New York: F.W. Dodge Corporation, 1935. Molineux, Will. “The Architect of Colonial Williamsburg: William Graves Perry,” Colonial Williamsburg Journal (August 2004): 58-65. Theobald, Mary Miley. “The Colonial Revival: The Past that Never Dies,” Colonial Williamsburg Journal (Summer 2002): 81-85. Yetter, George Humphrey. “Designers of Beauty: Academic Training and Williamsburg’s Architectural Restoration,” Colonial Williamsburg Journal (Winter 2012): 54-60. Yetter, George Humphrey. Williamsburg Before and After: The Rebirth of Virginia's Colonial Capital. Williamsburg, Va.: Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 1988. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Graphite on paper Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 44.5 x 30.5 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Raleigh Tavern, View Looking Northeast Subject The topic of the resource Raleigh Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 17. Building 06. Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource <p>Exterior of the Raleigh Tavern, view looking northeast from across Duke of Gloucester Street, 1933. The Raleigh Tavern was the frequent scene of both jollity and consequence, and was "....the foremost of Williamsburg's taverns in the eighteenth century. Established about 1717, the Raleigh Tavern grew in size and reputation through the years. Letters, diaries, newspaper advertisements, and other records indicate that the Raleigh was one of the most important taverns in colonial Virginia. It served as a center for social, commercial, and political gatherings; small private and large public dinners; lectures and exhibitions; and auctions of merchandise, land, and the enslaved."  Burned to the ground in 1859, the tavern was reconstructed from published illustrations, insurance policies, and archaeology that uncovered most of the original foundations.</p> <p>(Source: Michael Olmert and Suzanne Coffman, <em>Official Guide to Colonial Williamsburg</em> [Williamsburg, VA: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 2007], 60).</p> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Shaw, Thomas Mott Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1933 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1933 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material is protected by copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code). For reproduction queries: <a href="http://research.history.org/JDRLibrary/Visual_Resources/VisualResourcePermission.cfm">Rights and reproductions</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context D2008-COPY-1014-1052 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Benches Cellars Chimneys Colonial Architecture Dentils Dormer Windows Dormers Duke of Gloucester Street Exteriors Fences Gates Hipped Roofs Historic Buildings Hitching Posts Inns Ordinaries Raleigh Tavern Shutters Signboards Signs Taverns Thomas Mott Shaw Virginia Weatherboarding Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/add3f825ea1565a6832be0f9068c6170.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=S9spNo881yHQqYxZMGiSypb-ElwruorDf%7EkCPWoZdXXcdCTegUprrmrDPiFyXXDrR8UDcU%7EesNslQ5%7Ebl5dbFRRyMCc29ANUFgZcYSausaqrwEVsx86QGVeFXc7Y9TSQPkhCOjlHGNz1z7NdeI-J8zKbKqJbyKO-tZeO5PC-p54hlsOyY8DO4WmYdVCdevQQh%7EBp6-dyAFayZ1CkVS6Z2ZRLZNEX0NaLDHZFLtGgJWO2uNnV0yJ8nfCuouK4h8jytuT50Jx1qSKBNgvBNRWifT756jjSgae1YuhWEEFrjFRDPnTVhi9qzsMkpAZjd16y8PudFg4TvK%7EDxLf7eCJ6jA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 13892415d1307f3099b63a1c144414f1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Selections from the Frank Nivison Photograph Collection Subject The topic of the resource Nivison, Frank Black and white photographs Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Frank Reginald Nivison served as a contract photographer for Colonial Williamsburg during the initial restoration of the town between 1930 and 1935. Prior to this, he served as a darkroom assistant at the University Film Foundation at Harvard University. He was hired by the Williamsburg Holding Corp. to take progress photos of construction and restoration work, as well as of buildings to be wrecked or moved. According to a memo issued by architect William G. Perry to Frank Nivison on December 12, 1930, his work was to “…include the photography of all buildings and parts of buildings, exterior and interior, which the architects deem necessary for architectural and historical purposes. Such photographs would be supplemented by progress photographs of construction work as it proceeds. All buildings to be wrecked should be photographed before the wrecking takes place. In addition, there will be photographs of furniture, fabrics, and objects of all kinds.” Nivison set up a small photographic studio in a room in the Bruton Parish House. His equipment included a Zeiss camera, 5x7 inch, with a F 4.5 lens and a special magazine for cut films, along with a Mitchell tripod with a ball and socket head. His darkroom equipment consisted of an Eastman Auto-focus Enlarger, printing machines, and various accessories such as tanks and scales. Over the course of five years, he took more than 7,000 photographs documenting each stage of the restoration or reconstruction of various 18th-century buildings in Williamsburg. Copies of these photographs were forwarded to the offices of Perry, Shaw, & Hepburn in Boston so that the architects could monitor the progress of various projects. Nivison’s photographs were also used to produce postcards, “before and after” lantern slides, and publicity relating to the restoration of Williamsburg. By late 1935, Nivison had started taking on a lot of outside photography business and Colonial Williamsburg officials felt he should establish himself as an independent photographer. Nivison’s employment with Colonial Williamsburg terminated on July 1, 1935. However, Colonial Williamsburg continued to utilize his services on an as needed basis and assisted him in setting up his own business in Williamsburg. Unfortunately, Nivison did not attract enough outside commissions to enable him to operate independently and filed for bankruptcy in 1937. He applied to Colonial Williamsburg for a monthly retainer fee for his periodic services and was given $100.00 per month to draw upon in 1938. With the advent of World War II, Nivison moved back to Massachusetts in 1940. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Gelatin silver print Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 2 x 3 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Reception Room, Raleigh Tavern Subject The topic of the resource Block 17. Building 06A. Raleigh Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Northwest elevation of Reception Room, Raleigh Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nivison, Frank Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1932 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Architectural Photo Albums Collection, Box 19, Folder 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context N3344 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Benches Desks Fireplaces Frank Nivison Portraits Raleigh Tavern Reception Rooms Side Chairs Taverns Virginia Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/f3343212583dadb829019760a1e3f386.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=KG2kpQOGW5ckHMyi9qspHVf66QomN6RSl-Nu6cfh7eo8AssmBdeElGu56yHAZ1oONhC7fbXuvpVEhsqGMUgZie1zKggc3q9-TOeF9%7EKBzDxHIIXWd%7EiJ1bNc5coBE%7EdhkiXVED4-JJGqlesuHGque9vYa89qfzTl%7E3uIl4W8d0jp7T0KNBHceZs6acRI%7ETk55LXGENaC1Aua6iaxjp%7EurYpIZ0luI6GS8j7RFKY3EnEnemUing337c-tnXOM8bTfxLSTRxS0hufqZgf0TDnJgkSbGPx4KBHOY64SjVtD88aMg13PYh7UJAtAFJTvzaJVC3aWxV8F9CZrh-5m0Rbofg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 2bb236290c55873fd72560fa0b29f7c2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Selections from the Frank Nivison Photograph Collection Subject The topic of the resource Nivison, Frank Black and white photographs Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Frank Reginald Nivison served as a contract photographer for Colonial Williamsburg during the initial restoration of the town between 1930 and 1935. Prior to this, he served as a darkroom assistant at the University Film Foundation at Harvard University. He was hired by the Williamsburg Holding Corp. to take progress photos of construction and restoration work, as well as of buildings to be wrecked or moved. According to a memo issued by architect William G. Perry to Frank Nivison on December 12, 1930, his work was to “…include the photography of all buildings and parts of buildings, exterior and interior, which the architects deem necessary for architectural and historical purposes. Such photographs would be supplemented by progress photographs of construction work as it proceeds. All buildings to be wrecked should be photographed before the wrecking takes place. In addition, there will be photographs of furniture, fabrics, and objects of all kinds.” Nivison set up a small photographic studio in a room in the Bruton Parish House. His equipment included a Zeiss camera, 5x7 inch, with a F 4.5 lens and a special magazine for cut films, along with a Mitchell tripod with a ball and socket head. His darkroom equipment consisted of an Eastman Auto-focus Enlarger, printing machines, and various accessories such as tanks and scales. Over the course of five years, he took more than 7,000 photographs documenting each stage of the restoration or reconstruction of various 18th-century buildings in Williamsburg. Copies of these photographs were forwarded to the offices of Perry, Shaw, & Hepburn in Boston so that the architects could monitor the progress of various projects. Nivison’s photographs were also used to produce postcards, “before and after” lantern slides, and publicity relating to the restoration of Williamsburg. By late 1935, Nivison had started taking on a lot of outside photography business and Colonial Williamsburg officials felt he should establish himself as an independent photographer. Nivison’s employment with Colonial Williamsburg terminated on July 1, 1935. However, Colonial Williamsburg continued to utilize his services on an as needed basis and assisted him in setting up his own business in Williamsburg. Unfortunately, Nivison did not attract enough outside commissions to enable him to operate independently and filed for bankruptcy in 1937. He applied to Colonial Williamsburg for a monthly retainer fee for his periodic services and was given $100.00 per month to draw upon in 1938. With the advent of World War II, Nivison moved back to Massachusetts in 1940. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Gelatin silver print Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 8 x 10 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Brick House Tavern Subject The topic of the resource Block 10. Building 10B. Brick House Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource View of the restored Brick House Tavern on Duke of Gloucester Street in Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1940. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nivison, Frank Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Circa 1940 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. Circa 1940 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Frank Nivison Photograph Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context N6438 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Brick House Tavern Brickwork Chimneys Cornices Dormers Frank Nivison Lampposts Street Scenes Taverns Virginia Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/bc419893ac6761b2cb8d130d71fcd2ad.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=fAn5xZxvxOCjMDnxC7QUYJD%7Ezp0wZWUbDB-7bOZEEMzQkP82hd%7E4sCe0UoXRKLzRUV-QFWM%7ES4mCoNdt0LgBsDHJNkAOXYLuJ24R0gJR6wh5Hq78ifgLzaG6M%7EgIw5q3Y%7Em12ko8%7EcmNrU2zfyL%7E56pwAk2uI4ltN37ZeqAx9Tq8KaGiazw86uo5VUiNrDFAhb8jtzGMBUG6CWQDsrAyq9Aq4CP4rHgPaYlhA2Hv%7ECxRbqWc226-lM5FdDknpSmcYjhkvA6JCuX3m1cDUxqKDf%7ED7AW0JX136n3fRbVoX72uVMCGAaTA3qeqybupWm9SwGqRx9XO7UaEOQcGRX6yww__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM c891099945b12558844bdd60f41509a3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Selections from the Frank Nivison Photograph Collection Subject The topic of the resource Nivison, Frank Black and white photographs Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Architecture, Domestic - Virginia - Williamsburg Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Frank Reginald Nivison served as a contract photographer for Colonial Williamsburg during the initial restoration of the town between 1930 and 1935. Prior to this, he served as a darkroom assistant at the University Film Foundation at Harvard University. He was hired by the Williamsburg Holding Corp. to take progress photos of construction and restoration work, as well as of buildings to be wrecked or moved. According to a memo issued by architect William G. Perry to Frank Nivison on December 12, 1930, his work was to “…include the photography of all buildings and parts of buildings, exterior and interior, which the architects deem necessary for architectural and historical purposes. Such photographs would be supplemented by progress photographs of construction work as it proceeds. All buildings to be wrecked should be photographed before the wrecking takes place. In addition, there will be photographs of furniture, fabrics, and objects of all kinds.” Nivison set up a small photographic studio in a room in the Bruton Parish House. His equipment included a Zeiss camera, 5x7 inch, with a F 4.5 lens and a special magazine for cut films, along with a Mitchell tripod with a ball and socket head. His darkroom equipment consisted of an Eastman Auto-focus Enlarger, printing machines, and various accessories such as tanks and scales. Over the course of five years, he took more than 7,000 photographs documenting each stage of the restoration or reconstruction of various 18th-century buildings in Williamsburg. Copies of these photographs were forwarded to the offices of Perry, Shaw, & Hepburn in Boston so that the architects could monitor the progress of various projects. Nivison’s photographs were also used to produce postcards, “before and after” lantern slides, and publicity relating to the restoration of Williamsburg. By late 1935, Nivison had started taking on a lot of outside photography business and Colonial Williamsburg officials felt he should establish himself as an independent photographer. Nivison’s employment with Colonial Williamsburg terminated on July 1, 1935. However, Colonial Williamsburg continued to utilize his services on an as needed basis and assisted him in setting up his own business in Williamsburg. Unfortunately, Nivison did not attract enough outside commissions to enable him to operate independently and filed for bankruptcy in 1937. He applied to Colonial Williamsburg for a monthly retainer fee for his periodic services and was given $100.00 per month to draw upon in 1938. With the advent of World War II, Nivison moved back to Massachusetts in 1940. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Gelatin silver print Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 8 x 10 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chowning's Tavern Subject The topic of the resource Block 19, Building 5A Chowning's Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Restaurants - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Progress photo of front elevation of Chowning's Tavern under reconstruction, Williamsburg, Virginia, July 3, 1941. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nivison, Frank Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 07031941 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 07031941 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Frank Nivison Photograph Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context N6716 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Chimneys Chowning's Tavern Clapboard Siding Dorners Frank Nivison Porches Restoration Progress Taverns Transoms Virginia Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/d18d91741e946bc99457164dcd904d36.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=q%7Ez7rTyKi0TBNcGCq6goHhF2ZBsAQXVgNV4kS03batveu4sBa9xytdQSdiksA26bfl2FAG4H80mpTj2IO0dk5VJXVK3ivxeLOSdP1CMveLreJcBBE6skLd5m2-B9sWh6X0hPiIgEScPFbwmo98DO9KrdkdAjauZJhemqetXyAOKrhp%7Ez0ZEJHcjeU4j7BANSifqItO5jy1-xs4lZigcGLhN6%7E4MEuPtXVy1QieZrIAQzRtRI5G39186jD5MzheZNhoa1FaIJU2IP4e6e1I7ikwAWJ%7E9DJwxHq6D7-NzSfNO5vGrATAsYDjNLX20zvRNpXMr5yin3orMlCyItE18lVQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 91bbc2e2d9370df6a54ab77a64c5ec19 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Highlights of the Susan Higginson Nash Photograph Collection Subject The topic of the resource Nash, Susan Higginson Williamsburg (Va.)--History Architecture, Colonial - Virginia Documentary photography - Virginia Architectural photographs - 1930-1940 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nash, Susan Higginson Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Description An account of the resource Susan Higginson Nash was born in Brookline, Massachusetts on August 8, 1893 and died in Boston on July 25, 1971. She served as a consultant on antiques and interior decoration in association with the Boston architectural firm of Perry, Shaw, & Hepburn, chosen to carry out the early work on Williamsburg's restoration. Later a member of the American Institute of Decorators, she was a friend of architect William G. Perry with whom she first visited Williamsburg in 1923. During field trips to Virginia sites, she met the popular Richmond novelist Ellen Glasgow, who advised her: "If you do any work at Williamsburg, make it perceptible." Mrs. Nash felt this was a wonderful phrase and quoted it often, evidently taking it to mean that the work should be subtly and sympathetically done. Most of the photos in the Susan Higginson Nash Photograph Collection date to the early 1930s, when steps to be taken in the physical restoration of the colonial capital were still under study. Sites include many of the important extant eighteenth-century houses in the Tidewater region of Virginia, such as Shirley, Westover, Mt. Airy, Sabine Hall and Marmion. Excursions to such sites were made to help in determining proper precedents for the work to be carried out in Williamsburg's Historic Area. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Early 1930s Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Gelatin silver print Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 3.25 x 4.25 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Botetourt Inn, Gloucester Court House, Virginia Subject The topic of the resource Nash, Susan Higginson Courthouses - Virginia - Gloucester Botetourt Inn (Gloucester, Va.) Hotels - Virginia - Gloucester Description An account of the resource Botetourt Inn, Gloucester Court House, Virginia, 1930 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nash, Susan Higginson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1930 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1930 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Susan Higginson Nash Photograph Collection, AV2009.35, Box 3, Album 10 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Na2387 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John B. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1 photograph Balconies Balustrades Botetourt Inn Carriages Chimneys Columns Gloucester Gloucester Court House Horses Porches Susan Higginson Nash Taverns Virginia https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/716e5c7a2d4465864a170284e4e1cae2.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=QCl6xTioqAChKBw5Vj7IFyl6CzsBxH3SSPo1IpUuANj1aUE8bXn1NgpbZV6CoTP9ruyb6WOAWdsr%7E0TbYmldY-669QQpK6xDi%7EJxHW23L9kbWikuNl5aQnIO43SZ%7EFRAX6P%7EBLoquTLM22Oz5ggmVUspZiXwD7fhu3b2fYk%7E4cHYjCIZ353pDNwtcLj1wcQ%7EcdzBCIlQdclMW1ERnOlKts2Wjk9FyzKevP19-cBbPDPjCRqh3SjR7cQkuoL8pTJJM4CYuwkwUUyFmLZoZh-cvrNtEnvqe-YgW1xFWs7EqWNWJqKa7pXCyeuCHoGa8s%7ESD5dd8cDRHe6CWHu0pheOwQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM cc5b31ba6bc52cf06767fe0065603b53 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slide Collection Subject The topic of the resource Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Hornbeck, Peter - 1936-1998 Williamsburg (Va.)--History. Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Mr. Peter Hornbeck, a renowned Landscape Architect and Harvard professor, assembled this collection of lantern slides produced between the late 1930s and early 1940s. A graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and the Harvard Graduate School of Design, Peter Hornbeck managed the landscape architecture firm of Hornbeck Associates in North Andover, Massachusetts during the 1950s. He became a faculty member of the Harvard Graduate School of Design in 1963 and taught courses focusing upon historic landscape preservation and city planning.. These lantern slides served as visual aids during lectures he gave about the Williamsburg Restoration and eighteenth-century garden history. The lantern slides encompass a variety of images of Williamsburg available commercially from A.D. Handy, F.S. Lincoln, Eldredge Studio, and the National Geographic Society. They also include some images of historic homes and gardens in other parts of Virginia and in Great Britain. This collection is significant as a record of how landscape architects were interpreting and presenting eighteenth-century garden history during the 1930s and 1940s. It also provides a visual record of Williamsburg buildings and gardens before, during, and after the restoration work undertaken in the early 1930s. In addition, the collection documents how the Williamsburg Restoration publicized its work through commercial slide sets. For example, Mr. F.S. Lincoln, a New York photographer hired to compile a photographic portfolio of restored Williamsburg buildings for a special issue of the "Architectural Record" in 1935, also created colorized lantern slides of his photos for sale in Williamsburg shops. The Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slide Collection contains numerous examples of these early souvenir images. A precursor of 35mm slides, lantern slides are large format positive transparencies, usually 3.25 x 4 inches, sandwiched between two pieces of glass. Many were hand-colored. A projector allowed the slides to be viewed on a wall or screen. Instead of automatically advancing from one slide to the next, the lantern slides had to be manually placed into a slot on the projector. Invented in 1848, lantern slides evolved from those associated with magic lanterns in the late nineteenth-century to the format represented in this collection. Between 1848-1870, oil lamps served as the light source for magic lantern projectors. By the 1890s, the carbon arc lamp offered a better lighting method. The introduction of electricity in the twentieth-century allowed the projection of lantern slides to become common in schools and universities. Lantern slides became obsolete in the 1950s when the Kodachrome three-color process brought about the introduction of 35mm slides. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Lantern Slide Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 3.25 x 4 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slide Collection, AV-2000.9, Box 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HLS-84 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Title A name given to the resource Raleigh Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lincoln, F.S. Subject The topic of the resource Raleigh Tavern (WIlliamsburg, Va.) Block 17. Building 06. Public buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Historic buildings - Virginia - WIlliamsburg Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Lincoln, F.S. Description An account of the resource Entrance detail of the Raleigh Tavern's southern facade, viewed from the southwest along Duke of Gloucester Street, 1935. The tavern's signboard and a fence stand in the foreground, while the front entrance of the building is visible in the background. A lead bust of Sir Walter Raleigh, the noted navigator-explorer, is featured in the broken pediment above the tavern's front doors. Eighteenth-century spelling was not exact and Raleigh most often wrote his name without the “i”. The Raleigh Tavern was the frequent scene of both jollity and consequence. Burned to the ground in 1859, the tavern was reconstructed from published illustrations, insurance policies, and archaeology that uncovered most of the original foundations. Busts Chimneys Dormers F.S. Lincoln Glass Transparencies Hitching Rails Lantern Slides Peter Hornbeck Raleigh Tavern Shutters Signs Sir Walter Raleigh Taverns Transoms Weatherboarding https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/19d1cc48d7c5021fd05f9513fcdf9b2f.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=cn4sL3wlXMc8EXmIrWuttBNH6oSWE-Y8Ie5nLOKv-QgE6wUECX2nWvo4KsKIbXkDdhSQ41b8XyA6ap8ykv3kV0e%7EvP2FzTVBDJzTe9dqcrfe4yAQ3POj5%7E0XU0ZB6NBvCPqeoR5vKti0zo2rZ2iDqj34UYQCJ84IwiLyDGMBI14JHff9Sdk5NOLWd9jKDMsBq7tqawBd--MvG5UYrD34ubL8OAcZq2vCjINbyH%7EIUz9%7Eb87x8kB87nD5JLcun5iXmZ1HJENrW7Cp1T4%7EPEgdH1tzfLK5TDZQpBe-sxYxPVb6%7EOAuo-u9roNIKx%7EIVlRBPMJ1SzyV0dtNemTM%7EX2K%7Eg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ad668d38f02e7f67c4abacb56e24dcea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slide Collection Subject The topic of the resource Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Hornbeck, Peter - 1936-1998 Williamsburg (Va.)--History. Architecture, Colonial - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Mr. Peter Hornbeck, a renowned Landscape Architect and Harvard professor, assembled this collection of lantern slides produced between the late 1930s and early 1940s. A graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and the Harvard Graduate School of Design, Peter Hornbeck managed the landscape architecture firm of Hornbeck Associates in North Andover, Massachusetts during the 1950s. He became a faculty member of the Harvard Graduate School of Design in 1963 and taught courses focusing upon historic landscape preservation and city planning.. These lantern slides served as visual aids during lectures he gave about the Williamsburg Restoration and eighteenth-century garden history. The lantern slides encompass a variety of images of Williamsburg available commercially from A.D. Handy, F.S. Lincoln, Eldredge Studio, and the National Geographic Society. They also include some images of historic homes and gardens in other parts of Virginia and in Great Britain. This collection is significant as a record of how landscape architects were interpreting and presenting eighteenth-century garden history during the 1930s and 1940s. It also provides a visual record of Williamsburg buildings and gardens before, during, and after the restoration work undertaken in the early 1930s. In addition, the collection documents how the Williamsburg Restoration publicized its work through commercial slide sets. For example, Mr. F.S. Lincoln, a New York photographer hired to compile a photographic portfolio of restored Williamsburg buildings for a special issue of the "Architectural Record" in 1935, also created colorized lantern slides of his photos for sale in Williamsburg shops. The Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slide Collection contains numerous examples of these early souvenir images. A precursor of 35mm slides, lantern slides are large format positive transparencies, usually 3.25 x 4 inches, sandwiched between two pieces of glass. Many were hand-colored. A projector allowed the slides to be viewed on a wall or screen. Instead of automatically advancing from one slide to the next, the lantern slides had to be manually placed into a slot on the projector. Invented in 1848, lantern slides evolved from those associated with magic lanterns in the late nineteenth-century to the format represented in this collection. Between 1848-1870, oil lamps served as the light source for magic lantern projectors. By the 1890s, the carbon arc lamp offered a better lighting method. The introduction of electricity in the twentieth-century allowed the projection of lantern slides to become common in schools and universities. Lantern slides became obsolete in the 1950s when the Kodachrome three-color process brought about the introduction of 35mm slides. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Lantern Slide Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 3.25 x 4 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Peter Hornbeck Lantern Slides Collection, AV-2000.9, Box 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HLS-83 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Title A name given to the resource Raleigh Tavern, Williamsburg, Va. Subject The topic of the resource Raleigh Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 17. Building 06A. Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Lincoln, F.S. Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lincoln, F.S. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1935 Description An account of the resource A carriage passes the southern façade of the Raleigh Tavern as it proceeds along Duke of Gloucester Street, 1935. The tavern's signboard and a fence stand in the foreground, while the front entrance of the building is visible in the background. A lead bust of Sir Walter Raleigh, the noted navigator-explorer, is featured in the broken pediment above the tavern's front doors. Eighteenth-century spelling was not exact and Raleigh most often wrote his name without the “i”. The Raleigh Tavern was the frequent scene of both jollity and consequence. Burned to the ground in 1859, the tavern was reconstructed from published illustrations, insurance policies, and archaeology that uncovered most of the original foundations. Benches Busts Carriages Chimneys Costumed Interpreters Dentils Dormers Duke of Gloucester Street F.S. Lincoln Glass Transparencies Hitching Posts Horses Inns Lantern Slides Museum Docents Ordinaries Pediments Peter Hornbeck Raleigh Tavern Shutters Signboards Sir Walter Raleigh Stairs Taverns Virginia Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/73328bc4088cee5830ee5802f77f0397.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=i1x6KA2PaWVQ2yMatbYY7VjlkCR49sXvUiWkEvvDQeixvEfQOzRtW-OUg3fS30p%7EX2OaqF0soZ5Gq1kmdPF2kzMvKwoe2xY5n3q0KDexReiRKzKXSKLnHcpQD%7E-ubTmnLZnrRhPrIxAZTbwdT7X0mDeiPG1OW1N7r1YWH%7EJaca7mJwg0uZ%7EEZpm14r1jTA98JzCno8GfnwS8Uh274XiGFIU8UxpSDbGz-DX0Eylu80GDhYTS9lXtWkXZ1AZaBwSi%7EyMtgzDVzNO5Weua-D5JFNXkmvhLaDB6rjty8hlyt1YH5BADrGmHx-L1qXnDbJQlW4akb4JGgvFzCbZtzRvA3g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 742b5bda7261a43db339138d14b679f2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pacific Stereopticon Company Lantern Slides Description An account of the resource Produced by the Pacific Stereopticon Company of Los Angeles, this collection of forty-five lantern slides depicts individuals involved in the restoration of Williamsburg, as well as some of the restored buildings. The slides are a mixture of black and white and color images taken by various photographers in the late 1930s. Many are copies based upon photos taken by contract professionals hired to document the appeal of the architecture and landscapes of Colonial Williamsburg. Several of the black and white slides are derived from photos taken by noted architectural photographer F.S. Lincoln, whose collection is also available for viewing on this site. The lantern slides are significant because they document early efforts to publicize the newly opened museum. California architect Reginald Davis Johnson utilized the set to lecture to students and colleagues about the massive efforts undertaken to bring Williamsburg's historic district back to its 18th-century appearance. Noted for his contributions to the development of the Spanish-Southern California architecture of Santa Barbara, Reginald Davis Johnson resided in Pasadena and operated an architectural design studio. Some of his best known projects include the Santa Barbara Biltmore Hotel, the Santa Barbara Post Office, and the Harbor Hills, Rancho San Pedro, and Baldwin Hills communities in Los Angeles. A precursor of 35mm slides, lantern slides are large format positive transparencies, usually 3.25 x 4 inches, sandwiched between two pieces of glass. Many were hand-colored. A projector allowed the slides to be viewed on a wall or screen. Instead of automatically advancing from one slide to the next, the lantern slides had to be manually placed into a slot on the projector. Invented in 1848, lantern slides evolved from those associated with magic lanterns in the late 19th-century to the format represented in this collection. Between 1848-1870, oil lamps served as the light source for magic lantern projectors. By the 1890s, the carbon arc lamp offered a better lighting method. The introduction of electricity in the 20th-century allowed the projection of lantern slides to become common in schools and universities. Lantern slides became obsolete in the 1950s when the Kodachrome three-color process brought about the introduction of 35mm slides. Subject The topic of the resource Pacific Stereopticon Co. Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Johnson, Reginald Davis, 1882-1952 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pacific Stereopticon Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1935 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Lantern slide Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 2 x 3 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fireplace Detail : Daphne Room Subject The topic of the resource Raleigh Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Block 17. Building 06. Furniture - Virginia - Williamsburg Description An account of the resource Lantern slide featuring photo taken by F.S. Lincoln looking towards the fireplace in the Daphne Room of the Raleigh Tavern, 1935. It is the thirty-first slide in a set produced by the Pacific Stereopticon Co. of Los Angeles, California, now defunct, to illustrate the story of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin's dream to restore a portion of Williamsburg, Virginia to its 18th-century appearance as a shrine to early American ideals. The Raleigh Tavern was the frequent scene of both jollity and consequence. Dinners and dances rivaled in elegance those at the Palace and burgesses reconvened at the tavern when they were dissolved by royal governors prior to the Revolution. Burned to the ground in 1859, the tavern was reconstructed from published illustrations, insurance policies, and archaeology that uncovered most of the original foundations. In anticipation of guests' needs, a bottle case or cellaret (accession # 1930-58) is featured to the left of the fireplace. Cellarets functioned as portable wine cellars for holding wine and bottled spirits at mealtimes. Above the fireplace hangs a painting entitled Imaginary Landscape (accession #1931.101.3), a gift of Abby Aldrich Rockefeller. Interior furnishings and decor reflect curators' views in the 1930s as to what Williamsburg's historic interiors may have looked like in the eighteenth century. Nevertheless, with new research findings evolving over the years, the Raleigh Tavern's interior furnishings have changed to reflect a more authentic and accurate view of each room's likely contents and arrangements. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Pacific Stereopticon Co. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PSC-031 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1935 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Pacific Stereopticon Company Lantern Slide Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lincoln, F.S. Armchairs Candlesticks Cellarets Ceramics Chair Rails Chairs Cruets Daphne Room Dentils Dining Rooms F.S. Lincoln Firedogs Fireplaces Flatware Inns Lantern Slides Looking Glasses Mantels Mirrors Ordinaries Pacific Stereopticon Company Paintings Raleigh Tavern Salt Cellars Sconces Side Chairs Silver Tables Taverns Virginia Wainscotting Wallpaper Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/8d18a6cc2694c449d40da3f4ba16f191.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=HnWceH2BUupr9u7BkvrXyK43byWRw2vRkSA%7EUUA%7EwFXXNxhOiwVYmmIo7VECvxwPWq4O5VpFnXoq0cPBrAmgz0JHQz6I95ZcSW4LnNs2bprDP752D3xSqwVrqELmEyLO5RgCA4YiYqVMlLZlVj8uwsPQaclq5-QSGoRzDDRI%7Eg402BfohUfmNe7sgkGLq5I9cEO3COztyrl8Wl9YZm1CYfkC6ADhURtwFYoO5oHFujWPsldcQfpZII%7ETtBvvgEnEVdOjxVs%7Elefu9aFliqYsWx6E5Brr1A7H7VPqw9sMq5AQXu1EyPaIa914%7EeApoYupCSf6aCffptjcO21ktQf8Fw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 2a3ffa00ad829bf4ee1f5595171bcf49 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pacific Stereopticon Company Lantern Slides Description An account of the resource Produced by the Pacific Stereopticon Company of Los Angeles, this collection of forty-five lantern slides depicts individuals involved in the restoration of Williamsburg, as well as some of the restored buildings. The slides are a mixture of black and white and color images taken by various photographers in the late 1930s. Many are copies based upon photos taken by contract professionals hired to document the appeal of the architecture and landscapes of Colonial Williamsburg. Several of the black and white slides are derived from photos taken by noted architectural photographer F.S. Lincoln, whose collection is also available for viewing on this site. The lantern slides are significant because they document early efforts to publicize the newly opened museum. California architect Reginald Davis Johnson utilized the set to lecture to students and colleagues about the massive efforts undertaken to bring Williamsburg's historic district back to its 18th-century appearance. Noted for his contributions to the development of the Spanish-Southern California architecture of Santa Barbara, Reginald Davis Johnson resided in Pasadena and operated an architectural design studio. Some of his best known projects include the Santa Barbara Biltmore Hotel, the Santa Barbara Post Office, and the Harbor Hills, Rancho San Pedro, and Baldwin Hills communities in Los Angeles. A precursor of 35mm slides, lantern slides are large format positive transparencies, usually 3.25 x 4 inches, sandwiched between two pieces of glass. Many were hand-colored. A projector allowed the slides to be viewed on a wall or screen. Instead of automatically advancing from one slide to the next, the lantern slides had to be manually placed into a slot on the projector. Invented in 1848, lantern slides evolved from those associated with magic lanterns in the late 19th-century to the format represented in this collection. Between 1848-1870, oil lamps served as the light source for magic lantern projectors. By the 1890s, the carbon arc lamp offered a better lighting method. The introduction of electricity in the 20th-century allowed the projection of lantern slides to become common in schools and universities. Lantern slides became obsolete in the 1950s when the Kodachrome three-color process brought about the introduction of 35mm slides. Subject The topic of the resource Pacific Stereopticon Co. Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Johnson, Reginald Davis, 1882-1952 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pacific Stereopticon Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1935 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Lantern slide Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 2 x 3 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Daphne Room in the Raleigh Tavern Subject The topic of the resource Raleigh Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 17. Building 06. Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Furniture - Virginia - Williamsburg Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lincoln, F.S. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PSC-030 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Description An account of the resource Lantern slide featuring a photo taken by F.S. Lincoln of the Daphne Room in the Raleigh Tavern as it appeared in 1935. It is the thirtieth slide in a set produced by the Pacific Stereopticon Co. of Los Angeles, California, now defunct, to illustrate the story of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin's dream to restore a portion of Williamsburg, Virginia to its 18th-century appearance as a shrine to early American ideals. The family portrait on the wall, entitled "Family Group With Two Servants," was painted in England in 1790 (accession #1939-290). Under the portrait, two mahogany knife boxes (accession #1930-303, 1) are featured on either end of a sideboard table. The Raleigh Tavern was the frequent scene of both jollity and consequence. Dinners and dances rivaled in elegance those at the Palace and burgesses reconvened at the tavern when they were dissolved by royal governors prior to the Revolution. Burned to the ground in 1859, it was reconstructed from published illustrations, insurance policies, and archaeology that uncovered most of the original foundations. Interior furnishings and decor reflect curators' views in the 1930s as to how Williamsburg's historic interiors may have looked in the eighteenth century. Nevertheless, with new research advancements over the years, the Raleigh Tavern's interior furnishings have changed to reflect a more authentic and accurate view of each room's likely contents and arrangements. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Pacific Stereopticon Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1935 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Pacific Stereopticon Company Lantern Slide Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Armchairs Candelsticks Ceramics Chair Rails Cruets Daphne Room Dentils Dining Rooms F.S. Lincoln Flatware Inns Lantern Slides Looking Glasses Mirrors Ordinaries Pacific Stereopticon Company Paintings Raleigh Tavern Salt Cellars Sconces Side Chairs Silver Tables Taverns Virginia Wainscotting Wallpaper Williamsburg https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/f0699a7f62f7a728175c2dfb30f7e326.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=UIBGI-3-9jatyPCPUcTKKrHHS5hSSBzee%7Ed8Edscj5PznKWvMYxCLAnVdhV8jLVSjU1DN3KXblNhkgy4mFrkcoiuOuroUAlca8zZhFu%7EwhT6ChtGmh9IKpoAGYrz6vaTmj%7E7dVFFLLiTmigBBCL1VZDa%7EJUIbg8abe2dq403p901rs5DNGprSAAbD0dfz1dzLYb7yH4Qk8gToWWIyQPXpTCj288OcOxbZtYu4QOtIcYrbJONS0AKhG-otDiIoMURNuTD3Dl-eFMrOPiC48VZUqldxCdx09pOrX73jZAyjz1PkndKGk--oPubtipdds8aMCUIWZvPGqUzmt3ovVxL8w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 9e16139a980fc756712391ac5bedf83d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pacific Stereopticon Company Lantern Slides Description An account of the resource Produced by the Pacific Stereopticon Company of Los Angeles, this collection of forty-five lantern slides depicts individuals involved in the restoration of Williamsburg, as well as some of the restored buildings. The slides are a mixture of black and white and color images taken by various photographers in the late 1930s. Many are copies based upon photos taken by contract professionals hired to document the appeal of the architecture and landscapes of Colonial Williamsburg. Several of the black and white slides are derived from photos taken by noted architectural photographer F.S. Lincoln, whose collection is also available for viewing on this site. The lantern slides are significant because they document early efforts to publicize the newly opened museum. California architect Reginald Davis Johnson utilized the set to lecture to students and colleagues about the massive efforts undertaken to bring Williamsburg's historic district back to its 18th-century appearance. Noted for his contributions to the development of the Spanish-Southern California architecture of Santa Barbara, Reginald Davis Johnson resided in Pasadena and operated an architectural design studio. Some of his best known projects include the Santa Barbara Biltmore Hotel, the Santa Barbara Post Office, and the Harbor Hills, Rancho San Pedro, and Baldwin Hills communities in Los Angeles. A precursor of 35mm slides, lantern slides are large format positive transparencies, usually 3.25 x 4 inches, sandwiched between two pieces of glass. Many were hand-colored. A projector allowed the slides to be viewed on a wall or screen. Instead of automatically advancing from one slide to the next, the lantern slides had to be manually placed into a slot on the projector. Invented in 1848, lantern slides evolved from those associated with magic lanterns in the late 19th-century to the format represented in this collection. Between 1848-1870, oil lamps served as the light source for magic lantern projectors. By the 1890s, the carbon arc lamp offered a better lighting method. The introduction of electricity in the 20th-century allowed the projection of lantern slides to become common in schools and universities. Lantern slides became obsolete in the 1950s when the Kodachrome three-color process brought about the introduction of 35mm slides. Subject The topic of the resource Pacific Stereopticon Co. Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Johnson, Reginald Davis, 1882-1952 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pacific Stereopticon Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1935 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Lantern slide Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 2 x 3 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dining Room in the Raleigh Tavern Subject The topic of the resource Raleigh Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Block 17. Building 06. Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Furniture - Virginia - Williamsburg Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PSC-028 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Description An account of the resource Lantern slide featuring a photo taken by F.S. Lincoln of the Common Dining Room in the Raleigh Tavern as it appeared in 1935. It is the twenty-eighth slide in a set produced by the Pacific Stereopticon Co. of Los Angeles, California, now defunct, to illustrate the story of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin's dream to restore a portion of Williamsburg, Virginia to its 18th-century appearance as a shrine to early American ideals. The Raleigh Tavern was the frequent scene of both jollity and consequence. Burned to the ground in 1859, the tavern was reconstructed from published illustrations, insurance policies, and archaeology that uncovered most of the original foundations. Interior furnishings and decor reflect curators' views in the 1930s as to how Williamsburg's historic interiors may have looked in the eighteenth century. Nevertheless, with new research advances over the years, the Raleigh Tavern's interiors have changed and evolved to reflect a more authentic and accurate view of each room's likely contents and arrangements. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Pacific Stereopticon Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1935 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Pacific Stereopticon Company Lantern Slide Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lincoln, F.S. Candlesticks Ceramics Chair Rails Common Dining Room Curtains Dining Rooms Firedogs Fireplaces Glass Bottles Glassware Inns Lantern Slides Mantels Maps Ordinaries Pacific Stereopticon Company Pewter Pilasters Prints Raleigh Tavern Sconces Side Chairs Tables Tankards Taverns Venetian Blinds Virginia Williamsburg Windsor Chairs https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/3854/archive/files/27e4feacb2c100aa8a80dfa7bcdd3758.jpg?Expires=1782345600&Signature=vca5CffNENtus6Xqhu2McN1OxvdlX1H6O6%7EzQNsHfPL4jv2Y2xhLfoO2uqICeney-WhDJTxYdoQ4wQjHPDfP6e2jjdqmnuhJYD7Zz6aZOjwZeLUIhAZVyS0f1UnBuVR8Piz-1rA9L%7ECSdqGxS3UjKTeTxS4gLnNMlECF9QhkvFmAMzowvzmjVj9h9cX4D5Q1RP5zcS4GsUnXlLPmEC30o7vZ4%7ElQWbAlER9wTvLZQfOmKGVTBBojxLVDl14hPx45xgm9tqNCwqqBHHPYoe2TXp9F%7EOm7vw65WAmM-YliYFzMBmh2tKJ8MqRxLJ6lTYYVY5GibLPHJSumQz1PVWdRCw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM bfdf63be33d689cf934313e71d0e0c59 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pacific Stereopticon Company Lantern Slides Description An account of the resource Produced by the Pacific Stereopticon Company of Los Angeles, this collection of forty-five lantern slides depicts individuals involved in the restoration of Williamsburg, as well as some of the restored buildings. The slides are a mixture of black and white and color images taken by various photographers in the late 1930s. Many are copies based upon photos taken by contract professionals hired to document the appeal of the architecture and landscapes of Colonial Williamsburg. Several of the black and white slides are derived from photos taken by noted architectural photographer F.S. Lincoln, whose collection is also available for viewing on this site. The lantern slides are significant because they document early efforts to publicize the newly opened museum. California architect Reginald Davis Johnson utilized the set to lecture to students and colleagues about the massive efforts undertaken to bring Williamsburg's historic district back to its 18th-century appearance. Noted for his contributions to the development of the Spanish-Southern California architecture of Santa Barbara, Reginald Davis Johnson resided in Pasadena and operated an architectural design studio. Some of his best known projects include the Santa Barbara Biltmore Hotel, the Santa Barbara Post Office, and the Harbor Hills, Rancho San Pedro, and Baldwin Hills communities in Los Angeles. A precursor of 35mm slides, lantern slides are large format positive transparencies, usually 3.25 x 4 inches, sandwiched between two pieces of glass. Many were hand-colored. A projector allowed the slides to be viewed on a wall or screen. Instead of automatically advancing from one slide to the next, the lantern slides had to be manually placed into a slot on the projector. Invented in 1848, lantern slides evolved from those associated with magic lanterns in the late 19th-century to the format represented in this collection. Between 1848-1870, oil lamps served as the light source for magic lantern projectors. By the 1890s, the carbon arc lamp offered a better lighting method. The introduction of electricity in the 20th-century allowed the projection of lantern slides to become common in schools and universities. Lantern slides became obsolete in the 1950s when the Kodachrome three-color process brought about the introduction of 35mm slides. Subject The topic of the resource Pacific Stereopticon Co. Lantern slides - Hand-colored - 1930-1940 Johnson, Reginald Davis, 1882-1952 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pacific Stereopticon Co. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1935 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Lantern slide Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 2 x 3 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource West End of Great Room : Market Square Tavern Subject The topic of the resource Market Square Tavern (Williamsburg, Va.) Taverns (Inns) - Virginia - Williamsburg Historic buildings - Virginia - Williamsburg Furniture - Virginia - Williamsburg Block 12. Building 13. Description An account of the resource Lantern slide featuring photo taken by F.S. Lincoln of the west end of the Great Room, Market Square Tavern, in 1935. It is the twenty-seventh slide in a set produced by the Pacific Stereopticon Co. of Los Angeles, California, now defunct, to illustrate the story of Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin's dream to restore a portion of Williamsburg, Virginia to its 18th-century appearance as a shrine to early American ideals. The original tavern structure burned down in 1859 but the remains of the original foundations allowed for the restoration of the building to its eighteenth-century appearance. John Dixon constructed the original around 1749 and used it as a combination dwelling and shop. Later additions allowed the building to be converted into a tavern operated first by Thomas Craig and later by Gabriel Maupin. After its restoration in the early 1930s, guests at Colonial Williamsburg could rent rooms in the tavern to experience some colonial ambiance. The Great Room served as a gathering spot for conversations, games, and special occasions. Its focal point is a large round table encircled by Windsor chairs. A desk, high chest of drawers, side table, armchair, and ladder-back side chair complete the furnishings. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lincoln, F.S. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1935 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PSC-027 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Pacific Stereopticon Co. Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Pacific Stereopticon Company Lantern Slide Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Armchairs Candlesticks Ceramics Chests of Drawers Curtains Desks F.S. Lincoln Furniture Great Room Inns Ladder Back Chairs Lantern Slides Market Square Tavern Ordinaries Pacific Stereopticon Company Rugs Taverns Virginia Williamsburg